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6. Maitane and Kristina - CALL in the 60s

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The document summarizes the origins and development of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in the 1960s and 1970s. It describes the behavioral and structuralist theories that influenced early CALL approaches and some of the important technological developments during this period, including time-sharing systems, programming languages like BASIC, and hypertext. A key development was Project TIP and later PLATO, a computer-based education system developed at the University of Illinois that allowed for programmed instruction and communication between students learning foreign languages and other subjects through connected terminals.

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CALL IN 60S
THE BACKGROUND Psychology behaviourism Stimulus, response, reinforcement Education audiolingualism The use of target language Learning by practice (dialogues with the teacher) pattern drills - successful responses positively reinforced Linguistics structuralism Programmed instruction (Skinner) Use of teaching machines immediate feedback to the student
THE MOST IMPORTANT INVENTIONS 1960 Project TIP (Technical Information Project) first prototype of documentary server 196 4 - BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) by Thomas Kurtz & John Kennedy the easiest programming language at the period 1965 H y pertext editing system by Ted Nelson text displayed on a computer or other electronic device with references (hyperlinks) to other text then changed to FRESS file retrieval and editing system
T HE CALL flourished mainly in late 60s and early 70s c ollaboration project d evelop ped a programmed learning approach to language instruction teletype machines connected to a mainframe computer system s tudents enjoyed the use of technology w ritten and reading skills improved
PLATO P rogrammed L ogic for A utomatic T eaching O perations Started by Don Bitzer, Professor of Electrical Engineering. Used to teach foreing languages as well as other subjects.
PLATO: Advantages Displayed different alphabets on same screen. Plato was able to provide a highly coordinated and sophisticated site management system. (Hart, 1995 at Levy 1997:16). A PLATO V terminal in 1981
PLATO: Advantages Easy to use. It supported communication between users Range of languages: English, Esperanto, French, German, Hindi, Latin, Modern Hebrew, Modern Greek, Norwegian, Russian and Swedish.

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6. Maitane and Kristina - CALL in the 60s

  • 2. THE BACKGROUND Psychology behaviourism Stimulus, response, reinforcement Education audiolingualism The use of target language Learning by practice (dialogues with the teacher) pattern drills - successful responses positively reinforced Linguistics structuralism Programmed instruction (Skinner) Use of teaching machines immediate feedback to the student
  • 3. THE MOST IMPORTANT INVENTIONS 1960 Project TIP (Technical Information Project) first prototype of documentary server 196 4 - BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) by Thomas Kurtz & John Kennedy the easiest programming language at the period 1965 H y pertext editing system by Ted Nelson text displayed on a computer or other electronic device with references (hyperlinks) to other text then changed to FRESS file retrieval and editing system
  • 4. T HE CALL flourished mainly in late 60s and early 70s c ollaboration project d evelop ped a programmed learning approach to language instruction teletype machines connected to a mainframe computer system s tudents enjoyed the use of technology w ritten and reading skills improved
  • 5. PLATO P rogrammed L ogic for A utomatic T eaching O perations Started by Don Bitzer, Professor of Electrical Engineering. Used to teach foreing languages as well as other subjects.
  • 6. PLATO: Advantages Displayed different alphabets on same screen. Plato was able to provide a highly coordinated and sophisticated site management system. (Hart, 1995 at Levy 1997:16). A PLATO V terminal in 1981
  • 7. PLATO: Advantages Easy to use. It supported communication between users Range of languages: English, Esperanto, French, German, Hindi, Latin, Modern Hebrew, Modern Greek, Norwegian, Russian and Swedish.