فیزیولوژی انسان – 7

Dec 23, 20170 likes63 views

The document discusses the musculoskeletal system and its components. It provides information on three types of joints - fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints. It describes the different types of cartilage, including hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. It also outlines six types of synovial joints based on their structure and movement: plane joints, hinge joints, pivot joints, condylar joints, saddle joints, and ball and socket joints.

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23-Dec-17
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23-Dec-17
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23-Dec-17
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23-Dec-17
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By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

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فیزیولوژی انسان – 7

1. 23-Dec-17 1 –7 : ! " # !"#$!%&' () (*+( ,-" ./0! 12 3 45+606.8 905+6"):2"";< =6+>" ?=" (. @(0,8, 90! 1A)A2B060 &3C+5D - /E %9&FF!. )GH=C<06!5+6"F!- /&+ I. TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

2. 23-Dec-17 2 *C 6J H95+6@FK5+6) - "" .0! 1 = % +L?25+6+> 6' (06.= IM &*N .' -+6" =CH)Articular System(Q+ I" (=. " 8) HM ! 1K":2K"R >20 S =(2M)" I=G?A .0. ")*9= 9@' ")0 +6"MJ %+/= 9@ */ 2"M ,0! 16)A I= 9@" 2A -FB"2 )* -F6A .A 9M ! 1=(2"E %9Q/<*5+6 0 ST= N&*+ I+> 6=CHM H>06 , D. UB S"<H5+6"Q .1+L) F+9VW6# 9, D - /+L" (.*XVW6# 9QY80! 1+,Q?+L "* 180! 1="" I. H=+ &2Q+ 6=+! 1)Musculoskeletal System Locomotor System()06!"M F 9)=0 S" 2)" "* "06!X20 &- ") /(2*Q+ 6K"J$+>" " /C N=" (. ")* +LQ+ 6=+! 1Z06F)" "A 9=/L>" 0! 12J S* 9M$/LQ+ 6=+! 106!0CNJ$+>"" ! ! H" 8=D. TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

3. 23-Dec-17 3 $ 9 !)Cartilage(+> 6&=N .906!",+ 5+6)= 8!&) "" 8+( "4D, 90! 1 H06. =N0' 21J C6)06!J C6/L9' F "D 0 6 F!)Chondrocyte('=(. *J C6$>0- "C+%" 22- /& + I)*, D'"*= C6!""206: (1" 2D)970٪() (2/ CI F D2 / CI) (3) * ^9 ? / CI (4)$!* +6B(&". Q 9F# 6+> 6, D *Q 9F?I0?' F "A ." (=!5+6Q ?) "=!"D6_H2+> F(' (06: (1H+(=)Fibrous Joint()!0F%= S= ! +!$! " 2" "?+. ◦F2 "*5+6) . 8,+= +<92* 2)* 2L" ' - 8, D`. (2H=)Cartilaginous joint()!Q+6 ?. ◦FH' "5+6)a F8H*"5+6) N* ' ,= C8Q 8' ,!. (3HB2J F 6)Synovial joint()!U +?.*0! <+ ) F+2*C=!*"5+6" 8) ( =A F' 1=CH/L9 "=.*' 1b' c=! F% KA FbB2' ( ?06. ◦F22. TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

4. 23-Dec-17 4 Q 9F# 6" ! !, D )* FdH9=# 6" 2D0! 1DQ 9F )" !!F9 %N2: .1e <+)Synarthrosis(:"0! 1Q!0! 1F+. +L+(e <+F+. ◦F. 8. .2e <+)Amphiarthrosis(:"0! 1= !F+.+L ="*+6". ◦F' ,. .3e <+)Diarthrosis(:"M ! 1= C+5F+.)e <+ B2)J F 6(F+. ◦F) 2) (. TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

5. 23-Dec-17 5 +> 6 0%(05+6)06*/$>5+6f$Q C!" '"*= 5+6 6F/*>*0&_ .9c9 /(G?06. M 9- ""' <Gc9J C6"006. "0)g N HN" 8)"X( ?= 4A? A F!)Perichondrium(VW6( h!i= >" ". 0CNA N" 8i= >"0=:Gc9D5+6 M +06.">"=C!"=SA Fb=CHb J F 6Synovial fluid" 8" "!( 62j !"= G06.j ! "= G2'*bJ F 6* Fd2'?A F!2k' ? L+2 "Diffusion'"*= C6LF' ("# +6"J C6 0 6 F!&" -. Q 9F# 6_0, D 2l_00=6 F()Q 9F, DF9 %N2: (1()Hyaline Cartilage( (2=N .9)Elastic Cartilage( (3%+()Fibro Cartilage( TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

6. 23-Dec-17 6 ()Hyaline Cartilage( *Km) D6m+= D()06 *A' >=" (.=9D"' ".)= F9)=F<J H9 ' ")a F865+62 ""<H". 0CN" %A F! ?"VW6)=CHGc9Dn6 9b=CH * o9=" (. =N .9)Elastic Cartilage( **0 >=N .9= L!+L2=C%&" ". m+" 2)06!m0 >=N .9*)=(2" 8 @ +6B"p/ 9D( =. D=9"B: I' "=+ &2.= F(=8 >h (): +6 M C- ?=5' .F1". )@ +6BJ C6=%((" ".=p/ 9D0CN*+(" @ +6B)2p/ 9DM +06. TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

7. 23-Dec-17 7 %)Fibro Cartilage( *=% ! 92oLF0F%06. 06$ %q 9c9/() +0 6 F!%9(=ph6C 6B =!22p/ 91(=.*c9=. 920F%Q! ++(" = 8!+(' ")" (== >&' L06 "*%6mQ 5T9) F+0 >=N .9*_2 +L06. J C6=D'p/ 9" <" )" >"*+6"$!&". U F TA F! ?=H5L"+( ' "" (=. *"+> 6@ "*) ' ,H 5+6)= - ("=>=?" 2E! L" 2<9) FF!' "=" (. TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

8. 23-Dec-17 8 8J F 6 *H=+ &2' -+6"=+C/6)06!* +Le <9' d ?* 9+> 6 0%- "" ". *"M ! 1' 2r H>/(20" 2". )J F 6e <+'(=. *H"=Ij= >2F+: ◦f W6=CH ◦=CH ◦J h!=CH: "B=8 >)J h!=() =C> ")s LJ F 6( ◦bJ F 6 ◦E=CH ◦=>2J F 61@ F@ "=CHF+. _J F 6 l 2/(f W6=CH (aVW)Plane( (b= B)Hinge( (c<)Pivot( (d)Condylar( (e=F 2)Saddle( (fI6 ! )Ball and socket( TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

9. 23-Dec-17 9 ‫رم‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫؟‬ ‫م‬ ‫ر‬ TARM AST /DanielTarmast ‫اﺳﻼﻣﯽ‬ ‫آزاد‬ ‫داﻧﺷﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺎدﯾﺎر‬ ،‫ﺗﺎرﻣﺳت‬ ‫داﻧﯾﺎل‬ ‫ﮔردآورﻧده‬ By Daniel Tarmast, Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad Univeristy

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