Ab0401 seminar 4 group 5 elearning co2 australia
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The document analyzes alternatives for Nanyang Technological University (NTU) to achieve carbon neutrality, including increasing online learning, buying carbon offsets, installing solar panels, and using hydrogen fuel cell buses. It evaluates each alternative's advantages and disadvantages, as well as their impact on stakeholders like students, staff, partners, and the government. The executive summary recommends increasing online learning to significantly reduce purchased electricity usage, which comprises the largest source of NTU's carbon emissions. Long-term, NTU could also adopt cleaner energy sources, partnerships to develop green technologies, and hydrogen buses.
Ab0401 seminar 4 group 5 elearning co2 australia
- 1. Seminar 4 Group 5 Chew Chin Lynn Huang Qinyue Loh Wei Shan Bevan Ng Ong Yi Zhen AB0401 CO2 Australia Calculating NTU¡¯s Carbon Footprint 1
- 2. Calculating NTU¡¯s Carbon Footprint ? Scope 1: Emissions from using company owned assets ? Scope 2: Purchased heat and electricity ? Scope 3: Results of company's activities 2
- 3. Calculating NTU¡¯s Carbon Footprint SCOPE SOURCE SCOPE 1 Campus buses (Intra Campus) Campus made electricity SCOPE 2 Purchased Heat Purchase Electricity ACTIVITY DATA (KG/KM/LITRES) TOTAL EMISSIONS (activity data* CO2/unit) 25,000 persons 3km per week per person 0.3kg CO2 per person per km 25,000 * 52 * 3 * 0.3 = 1,170,000 - - 113778000 kBtu 0.9888314 kg CO2 per kBtu * 113778000 = 112,507,259 170667000 kBtu 0.9888314 kg CO2 per kBtu * 170667000 = 168,760,888 3
- 4. Calculating NTU¡¯s Carbon Footprint SCOPE SOURCE ACTIVITY DATA (KG/KM/LITRES) TOTAL EMISSIONS (activity data* CO2/unit) SCOPE 3 Students Commuting 33,200 persons 80km per week per person 0.3kg CO2 per person per km 33,200 * 52 * 80 * 0.3 = 41,433,600 Staff Commuting 6,612 persons 80km per week per person 0.3kg CO2 per person per km 6,612 * 52 * 80 * 0.3 = 8,251,776 Paper Usage 40,000 persons 1kg per year per person 9kg CO2 per kg 40,000 * 9 = 360,000 On-campus Greenery 5,000 trees 22kg per tree per year 5,000 * 22 = 110,000 Offset from Greenery (Trees) 4
- 5. Calculating NTU¡¯s Carbon Footprint SCOPE SOURCE ACTIVITY DATA (KG/KM/LITRES) NTU Total - - Per Student TOTAL EMISSIONS (activity data* CO2/unit) 33,200 persons - Per Employee 6,612 persons 5
- 6. STAKEHOLDERS¡¯ ANALYSIS STAKEHOLDERS INTERESTS NTU ? Maintain a good reputation ? ¡°Creating excellent facilities, green university environment, conducive for life long learning, creativity and entrepreneurship¡± (Mission of Office of Development & Facilities Management) Government ? A working model of neutral carbon emissions for possible implementation to other places Students ? Good education provided by professors ? A good and conducive environment to study in Employees ? Good pay ? A conducive workplace Research Partners of NTU ? Develop green technologies to build a name for themselves ? Profits Environmentalists/ NGOs ? A more environmentally sustainable society 6
- 7. Alternatives 1. Transforming a significant proportion of our course delivery from classroom to an online format (i.e. more e-Learning) 2. Buying an equivalent amount of carbon offset credits from CO2 Limited Group 3. Other viable alternatives leading to a carbon-neutral future 7
- 8. Alternative #1 Increased Proportion of Online Learning in Coursework Advantages: ? Reduced carbon footprint by: ¨C ¨C ¨C ¨C Reducing utilities consumption Reducing the need for students to commute to school Reducing the need for transport within campus Reducing the need for printing of notes and purchasing of textbooks (which can possibly be in electronic form) ? Overall increased cost effectiveness ? More interesting approach as compared to having old school large-scale lectures for the entire cohort ? Students will be able to understand lecture content better as they can view recorded lectures at their own pace 8
- 9. Alternative #1 Increased Proportion of Online Learning in Coursework Disadvantages: ? Large changes to the curriculum which may result in dissatisfaction of stakeholders such as staff and students 9
- 10. Impact on Stakeholders Students of NTU ? Increased convenience ? Decreased commuting costs ? Less condusive environment for some students as due to less face-to-face interaction Partners of NTU ? Increased profits by providing more expertise with regards to an online learning platform Nanyang Technological University ? Cost savings in terms of decreased campus transport provided, and lower utility expenditure ? Better reputation Non Government Organizations Staff of NTU ? Necessary to adapt to a more technology intensive working environment Government 10
- 11. Alternative #2 Buying an equivalent amount of carbon offset credits from CO2 Limited Group Advantages: ? Can be implemented immediately to reduce the carbon footprint without significant changes in the operations of NTU ? Assigns a cost in monetary terms to personal emissions (increases ease of developing future projects to reduce carbon footprint) Disadvantages: ? Unlikely to reduce overall green house gas emissions sufficiently in the long run ? Does not encourage NTU to truly reduce its carbon footprint by implementing more environmentally sustainable measures (involves only purchasing a certificate) 11
- 12. Impact on Stakeholders Students & Staff of NTU ? Not subjected to any changes as the operations of NTU will not differ from present Nanyang Technological University ? Increased costs in terms Partners of NTU of carbon credits ? CO2 Australia can purchased increase the awareness of ? Better reputation due to carbon credit in emphasis on Singapore environmental sustainability Government ? Reduced carbon footprint of Singapore ? Promote environmentally sustainable practices Non Government Organizations ? Reduced carbon footprint of Singapore ? Increased emphasis on environmental conservation 12
- 13. Other Viable Alternatives 1. Installation of Solar Panels in NTU 2. Partnerships with recycling companies/other research institutions 3. Hydrogen cell campus buses 4. Pre-set and fixed the air-conditioning to 2425¡ãC, without allowing it to be changed. 13
- 14. Other Alternatives #1 Installation of Solar Panels in NTU Advantages: ? Renewable/ infinite source of energy ? Pollution-free Disadvantages: ? Costly to implement ? Requires a large area to capture the sun¡¯s energy effectively ? might not be efficient until further improvements in solar energy is discovered. 14
- 15. Impact on Stakeholders Students & Staff of NTU ? Not much impact ? ? ? Partners of NTU ? Increased awareness and interest in the benefits of solar panels Nanyang Technological University Increase short term cost Reduces future cost in terms of electricity savings Better reputation for more emphasis on environmental sustainability Government/ NGOs ? Reduce carbon footprint. ? Promote use of clean energy in Singapore 15
- 16. Other Alternatives #2 Partnerships with recycling companies/other research institutions Advantages: ? Increase awareness of 3Rs. ? Develop more green technologies that can replace existing environmentally unfriendly technologies Disadvantages: ? Time required to develop a successful green technology ? Time required for people to change their mindset and accept new technology/habits of exercising the 3R 16
- 17. Impact on Stakeholders Students & Staff of NTU ? Must adopt new practices to reduce, reuse and recycle ? Must adapt to new technology if brought into NTU ? Partners of NTU ? Increased profits by working with NTU to implement feasible 3R measures ? May reach out to other universities through NTU ? Nanyang Technological University Increased costs due to new partnerships with external companies to implement measures Better reputation for more emphasis on Government/ NGOs environmental sustainability ? Reduce carbon footprint. ? Promote the importance of reducing, reusing and recycling in Singapore 17
- 18. Other Alternative #3 Hydrogen cell campus buses Advantages: ? ZERO carbon emissions Disadvantages: ? Initial cost to revamp the current campus buses will be costly 18
- 19. Impact on Stakeholders Students & Staff of NTU ? Not subjected to significant changes ? ? ? Partners of NTU ? Increased awareness hydrogen cell buses Nanyang Technological University Increase costs as hydrogen cell buses are more expensive Potential savings due to reduced fuel consumption Better reputation for kick starting the use of greener transport within campus Government/ NGOs ? Reduce carbon footprint ? Opportunity to promote cleaner transport in Singapore 19
- 20. Executive Summary In view of the above 3 alternatives, Conducting E-Learning, Buying Carbon Offset Credits, and other alternatives which would help us work towards our long-term carbon-neutral target, we should consider conducting more E-learning lessons. This is because the greatest source of carbon emissions which we have computed is the Purchased Electricity( carbon emissions of 168,760,888). Hence, with more For E-Learning lessons conducted, NTU would be able to lower its carbon emissions greatly through the reduced usage of lecture rooms and air-conditioned tutorial rooms. In the long run, NTU also can consider the other proposed alternatives including the use of cleaner energy, partnerships with other companies as well as the use of hydrogen cell buses to reduce carbon emissions. 20