Let's Build A Particle Accelerator
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I talk briefly about some of the things that you must consider when you want to build a particle accelerator.
Let's Build A Particle Accelerator
- 1. Let’s Build A Particle Accelerator A nerd’s-eye view
- 2. What kind? Linac Electron - photon? Proton-Antiproton
- 3. How about a... Alternating gradient synchrotron? - Sure! (you can keep your cyclotrons)
- 4. Magnets - F = q(E + v × B) Dipole - bend the beam Quadrupole - focus the beam (h or v) Sextupole - correct the focus Octupole - correct the chromaticity
- 5. Beam Phase space - stability Dispersion Tune, chromaticity A real-world application for irrational numbers
- 6. Trivia Check out this logo:
- 7. Vacuum Better than the moon, much better Vacuum pumps Roughing Turbo Ion Diffusion Very low temps capture gasses
- 8. Cooling LN2 - cheapish: nice beer LHe - expensive: med/nice champaign meh, we’ll make our own a big refrigerator (hex, cooling cycle) Nb-Ti likes about 4K (close to abs zero)
- 9. Acceleration Everything is very close to c Mainly adding energy Space charge Ramp - synchronize magnet strength w/ beam momentum/energy
- 10. Size/Superconducting Opposition: machine size vs. max beam energy Electricity: you need lots. CURRENT! ~4K amps Conductor ~1cm square Nb-Ti
- 11. Machine Safety Quench (real bad) beam hits pipe & adds energy heats superconducting magnet magnet goes sub-superconducting Safety system warm magnet uniformly vent coolants (expanding gas) dump current
- 12. People Safety Interlocks Keys - controlled entry Radiation Electricity