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Acem basic network concepts

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Aastha Kohli
Aastha Kohli

This document provides an introduction to computer networks. It discusses that a network allows computing devices to share resources and information. Networks become powerful when multiple computers can communicate and share resources across different networks. The document then covers the need for networks by describing standalone computers and "sneakernet" data transfer. It also discusses how networks enhance communication through email and sharing information efficiently. Networks allow sharing of data, applications, and peripheral devices located in a central location. They facilitate centralized management and maintenance of operations. The document classifies networks based on geography into LANs, MANs, and WANs. It also categorizes networks based on roles into peer-to-peer, server-based, and client-based.

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering (July Dec 2020) 9/19/2020 1
Introduction to Networks A network consists of two or more entities or objects sharing resources and information. A computer network consists of two or more computing devices connected to each other to share resources and information. The network becomes a powerful tool when computers communicate and share resources with other computers on the same network or entirely distinct networks. 9/19/2020 2
Need for Networks A computer that operates independently from other computers is called a stand- alone computer. The process of printing or transferring data from one system to another using various storage devices is called sneakernet. 9/19/2020 3
Enhance Communication Computer networks use electronic mail (e- mail) as the choice for most of the communication. By using networks, information can be sent to a larger audience in an extremely fast and efficient manner. 9/19/2020 4
Share Resources A copy of data or application stored at a single central location is shared over a network. Computer peripheral devices, referred to as additional components, can be attached to a computer and be shared in a network. Example: faxes, modem and scanner9/19/2020 5
Facilitate Centralized Management Networks are used to assist in management tasks associated with their own operation and maintenance. Using networks results in increased efficiency and a resultant reduction in maintenance costs. 9/19/2020 6
Classification by Network Geography Networks are frequently classified according to the geographical boundaries spanned by the network itself. LAN, WAN, and MAN are the basic types of classification, of which LAN and WAN are frequently used. 9/19/2020 7
Local area network (LAN): A LAN covers a relatively small area such as a classroom, school, or a single building. LANs are inexpensive to install and also provide higher speeds. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 8
Local area network Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 9
Metropolitan area network (MAN): A MAN spans the distance of a typical metropolitan city. The cost of installation and operation is higher. MANs use high-speed connections such as fiber optics to achieve higher speeds. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 10
Metropolitan area network Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 11
Wide area network (WAN): WANs span a larger area than a single city. These use long distance telecommunication networks for connection, thereby increasing the cost. The Internet is a good example of a WAN. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 12
Wide area network Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 13
Classification by Component Roles Peer-to-peer: In a peer-to-peer network, all computers are considered equal. Each computer controls its own information and is capable of functioning as either a client or a server depending upon the requirement. Peer-to-peer networks are inexpensive and easy to install. They are popular as home networks and for use in small companies. 9/19/2020 14
Classification by Component Roles Peer-to-peer network 9/19/2020 15
Classification by Component Roles Server-based: A server-based network offers centralized control and is designed for secure operations. In a server-based network, a dedicated server controls the network. A dedicated server is one that services the network by storing data, applications, resources, and also provides access to resources required by the client. These servers can also control the networks security from one centralized location or share it with other specially configured servers 9/19/2020 16
Classification by Component Roles Client-based: Client-based network servers process requests from clients and return just the results. These networks take advantage of the powerful processing capabilities of both the client and the server. Application servers and communications servers are examples of client-based networks. 9/19/2020 17
9/19/2020 18 Aravali College of Engineering And Management Jasana, Tigoan Road, Neharpar, Faridabad, Delhi NCR Toll Free Number : 91- 8527538785 Website : www.acem.edu.in

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Acem basic network concepts

  • 1. Department of Computer Science & Engineering (July Dec 2020) 9/19/2020 1
  • 2. Introduction to Networks A network consists of two or more entities or objects sharing resources and information. A computer network consists of two or more computing devices connected to each other to share resources and information. The network becomes a powerful tool when computers communicate and share resources with other computers on the same network or entirely distinct networks. 9/19/2020 2
  • 3. Need for Networks A computer that operates independently from other computers is called a stand- alone computer. The process of printing or transferring data from one system to another using various storage devices is called sneakernet. 9/19/2020 3
  • 4. Enhance Communication Computer networks use electronic mail (e- mail) as the choice for most of the communication. By using networks, information can be sent to a larger audience in an extremely fast and efficient manner. 9/19/2020 4
  • 5. Share Resources A copy of data or application stored at a single central location is shared over a network. Computer peripheral devices, referred to as additional components, can be attached to a computer and be shared in a network. Example: faxes, modem and scanner9/19/2020 5
  • 6. Facilitate Centralized Management Networks are used to assist in management tasks associated with their own operation and maintenance. Using networks results in increased efficiency and a resultant reduction in maintenance costs. 9/19/2020 6
  • 7. Classification by Network Geography Networks are frequently classified according to the geographical boundaries spanned by the network itself. LAN, WAN, and MAN are the basic types of classification, of which LAN and WAN are frequently used. 9/19/2020 7
  • 8. Local area network (LAN): A LAN covers a relatively small area such as a classroom, school, or a single building. LANs are inexpensive to install and also provide higher speeds. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 8
  • 9. Local area network Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 9
  • 10. Metropolitan area network (MAN): A MAN spans the distance of a typical metropolitan city. The cost of installation and operation is higher. MANs use high-speed connections such as fiber optics to achieve higher speeds. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 10
  • 11. Metropolitan area network Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 11
  • 12. Wide area network (WAN): WANs span a larger area than a single city. These use long distance telecommunication networks for connection, thereby increasing the cost. The Internet is a good example of a WAN. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 12
  • 13. Wide area network Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 13
  • 14. Classification by Component Roles Peer-to-peer: In a peer-to-peer network, all computers are considered equal. Each computer controls its own information and is capable of functioning as either a client or a server depending upon the requirement. Peer-to-peer networks are inexpensive and easy to install. They are popular as home networks and for use in small companies. 9/19/2020 14
  • 16. Classification by Component Roles Server-based: A server-based network offers centralized control and is designed for secure operations. In a server-based network, a dedicated server controls the network. A dedicated server is one that services the network by storing data, applications, resources, and also provides access to resources required by the client. These servers can also control the networks security from one centralized location or share it with other specially configured servers 9/19/2020 16
  • 17. Classification by Component Roles Client-based: Client-based network servers process requests from clients and return just the results. These networks take advantage of the powerful processing capabilities of both the client and the server. Application servers and communications servers are examples of client-based networks. 9/19/2020 17
  • 18. 9/19/2020 18 Aravali College of Engineering And Management Jasana, Tigoan Road, Neharpar, Faridabad, Delhi NCR Toll Free Number : 91- 8527538785 Website : www.acem.edu.in