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ACLS.pptx

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J
Junaid Saleem

This document provides an overview of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). It defines ACLS as a systematic approach to resuscitation. The core concepts of ACLS include airway management, BLS certification, early management of cardiac emergencies, use of electrical therapy like defibrillators, identification and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, IV/invasive techniques, and pharmacology. It also reviews the 5 links in the adult chain of survival - activation of EMS, early CPR, defibrillation, ACLS protocols, and post-cardiac arrest care. Common cardiac rhythms like sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole are depicted

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ACLS.pptx
ACLS Introduction & Rhythm Recognition By Dr. J. Saleem
What is ACLS • Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) is a systematic approach to resuscitation efforts. • ACLS training gives rescuers a coordinated way to approach critically ill patients, regardless of response team size.
ACLS Core Concepts 1. Airway management i. You should know how to insert or assist with ETT (Endotracheal Tube). ii. You should also know alternative ventilation techniques, such as how to use a BVM (Bag Valve Mask) device and LMA (Laryngeal Mask Airway). 2. BLS i. You should be proficient in BLS and certified within the last 2 years; or ii. Are a BLS Instructor/Trainer and have conducted workshops in BLS at least once a year for the past 2 years.
Single Handed E-C Technique Single Handed E-O Technique
ACLS.pptx
ACLS Core Concepts 3. Early management You should know how to manage the first 30 minutes of emergencies that result from such causes as: • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiac Arrest – medical – associated with trauma – in a pregnant patient • Cardiac Tamponade • Drowning / Near-Drowning • Electrocution / Lightning Strike • Hypothermia • Pneumothorax • (Possible) Drug Overdose • Stroke • Thrombosis
ACLS Core Concepts 4. Electrical Therapy You should know how to safely use electrical devices like: i. Conventional Defibrillators ii. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) iii. Temporary Pacemakers (TPM) 5. Emergency conditions i. You should be able to identify indications for ACLS, such as Asystole, PEA, SVTs, VTach, and VFib. ii. You should also be able to administer appropriate treatment.
ACLS Core Concepts 6. I.V. and Invasive Techniques You should be familiar with: – Peripheral I.V. Line Insertion – Central Line Insertion – Intraosseous Cannulation 7. Pharmacology You should know the action, indication, dosages, and precautions for the major drugs used during ACLS, such as adenosine, amiodarone, and epinephrine.
5 Links in Adult Chain of Survival 1. Immediate recognition and activation of the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) – call 1122 2. Early Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) with high-quality chest compressions 3. Rapid Defibrillation 4. Effective Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) 5. Integrated post–cardiac arrest care
5 Links in Adult Chain of Survival 1. Immediate recognition and activation of the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) – call 1122 2. Early Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) with high-quality chest compressions 3. Rapid Defibrillation 4. Effective Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) 5. Integrated post–cardiac arrest care
Step 3 - AED
Step 4 - ACLS • Advanced Airway Management • Administration of rhythm-appropriate I.V. medications
Step 5 – Integrated After Care Following Return Of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC), integrated post–cardiac arrest care emphasizes the importance of comprehensive, multidisciplinary care, including interventions to: 1. Optimize bodily functions; 1. Hemodynamic, 2. Neurologic, and 3. Metabolic and 2. The use of Therapeutic Hypothermia (Possibly)
Normal Cardiac Conduction
Normal ECG
Shocking the Heart Cardioversion • Planned / Scheduled • Synchronized • Low energy settings – 25 to 150 J • Chemical alternative • Rx Atrial Arrhythmias Defibrillation • Unscheduled /Emergency • Asynchronous • High energy settings – 200 – 360 J • No Chemical Alternate • Rx of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Types of Defibrillators Monophasic Vs. Biphasic Shock • A monophasic shock only travels in one direction from one paddle to another • a biphasic shock travels from one paddle to the other and then back several times. Types 1. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) 2. Semi-Automated AEDs 3. Standard / Conventional Defibrillators 4. Implanted Defibrillators (eg DDD or DDI)
Sinus Tachycardia Atrial Tachycardia Atrial Flutter Atrial Fibrillation
Wolfe-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome Multi-Focal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT) Junctional Atrial Rhythm
Ventricular Premature Beats (VPCs) OR Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) Bigeminy Trigeminy
Multiform VPCs R on T resulting in a short run of V-Tach
V-Tach
V-Tach
V-Tach
V-Fib
Asystole
PEA
Wolfe-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome
Normal Cardiac Conduction

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ACLS.pptx

  • 3. What is ACLS • Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) is a systematic approach to resuscitation efforts. • ACLS training gives rescuers a coordinated way to approach critically ill patients, regardless of response team size.
  • 4. ACLS Core Concepts 1. Airway management i. You should know how to insert or assist with ETT (Endotracheal Tube). ii. You should also know alternative ventilation techniques, such as how to use a BVM (Bag Valve Mask) device and LMA (Laryngeal Mask Airway). 2. BLS i. You should be proficient in BLS and certified within the last 2 years; or ii. Are a BLS Instructor/Trainer and have conducted workshops in BLS at least once a year for the past 2 years.
  • 5. Single Handed E-C Technique Single Handed E-O Technique
  • 7. ACLS Core Concepts 3. Early management You should know how to manage the first 30 minutes of emergencies that result from such causes as: • Acute Coronary Syndrome • Cardiac Arrest – medical – associated with trauma – in a pregnant patient • Cardiac Tamponade • Drowning / Near-Drowning • Electrocution / Lightning Strike • Hypothermia • Pneumothorax • (Possible) Drug Overdose • Stroke • Thrombosis
  • 8. ACLS Core Concepts 4. Electrical Therapy You should know how to safely use electrical devices like: i. Conventional Defibrillators ii. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) iii. Temporary Pacemakers (TPM) 5. Emergency conditions i. You should be able to identify indications for ACLS, such as Asystole, PEA, SVTs, VTach, and VFib. ii. You should also be able to administer appropriate treatment.
  • 9. ACLS Core Concepts 6. I.V. and Invasive Techniques You should be familiar with: – Peripheral I.V. Line Insertion – Central Line Insertion – Intraosseous Cannulation 7. Pharmacology You should know the action, indication, dosages, and precautions for the major drugs used during ACLS, such as adenosine, amiodarone, and epinephrine.
  • 10. 5 Links in Adult Chain of Survival 1. Immediate recognition and activation of the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) – call 1122 2. Early Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) with high-quality chest compressions 3. Rapid Defibrillation 4. Effective Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) 5. Integrated post–cardiac arrest care
  • 11. 5 Links in Adult Chain of Survival 1. Immediate recognition and activation of the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) – call 1122 2. Early Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) with high-quality chest compressions 3. Rapid Defibrillation 4. Effective Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) 5. Integrated post–cardiac arrest care
  • 12. Step 3 - AED
  • 13. Step 4 - ACLS • Advanced Airway Management • Administration of rhythm-appropriate I.V. medications
  • 14. Step 5 – Integrated After Care Following Return Of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC), integrated post–cardiac arrest care emphasizes the importance of comprehensive, multidisciplinary care, including interventions to: 1. Optimize bodily functions; 1. Hemodynamic, 2. Neurologic, and 3. Metabolic and 2. The use of Therapeutic Hypothermia (Possibly)
  • 17. Shocking the Heart Cardioversion • Planned / Scheduled • Synchronized • Low energy settings – 25 to 150 J • Chemical alternative • Rx Atrial Arrhythmias Defibrillation • Unscheduled /Emergency • Asynchronous • High energy settings – 200 – 360 J • No Chemical Alternate • Rx of Ventricular Arrhythmias
  • 18. Types of Defibrillators Monophasic Vs. Biphasic Shock • A monophasic shock only travels in one direction from one paddle to another • a biphasic shock travels from one paddle to the other and then back several times. Types 1. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) 2. Semi-Automated AEDs 3. Standard / Conventional Defibrillators 4. Implanted Defibrillators (eg DDD or DDI)
  • 19. Sinus Tachycardia Atrial Tachycardia Atrial Flutter Atrial Fibrillation
  • 20. Wolfe-Parkinson-White (WPW) Syndrome Multi-Focal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT) Junctional Atrial Rhythm
  • 21. Ventricular Premature Beats (VPCs) OR Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) Bigeminy Trigeminy
  • 22. Multiform VPCs R on T resulting in a short run of V-Tach
  • 26. V-Fib
  • 28. PEA