The document outlines three rules for adding vowel suffixes to words in English:
1. The 111 Doubling Rule specifies doubling the final consonant before adding a suffix if a one-syllable word ends in one consonant after one vowel.
2. The 211 Doubling Rule specifies doubling the final consonant before adding a suffix if a multi-syllable word with accent on last syllable ends in one consonant after one vowel.
3. The Silent e Rule specifies dropping the final silent e before adding a suffix.
Several common vowel suffixes and example words applying the rules are provided.
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Adding Vowel Suffixes
1. Rules For Adding Vowel Suffixes
111 Doubling Rule
211 Doubling Rule
Silent e Rule
2. 111 Doubling Rule
When adding a vowel suffix to
? a 1 syllable word,
? ending in 1 consonant
? after 1 vowel
? DOUBLE the final consonant before adding the
suffix
nap + ed = napped swim + er = swimmer
3. 211 Doubling Rule
When adding a vowel suffix to
? a multi-syllable word with the accent on last
syllable
? ending in 1 consonant
? after 1 vowel
? DOUBLE the final consonant before adding the
suffix
Kidnap¡¯ + ed = kidnapped begin¡¯ + er = beginner
4. Silent e Rule
When adding a vowel suffix to words
ending with a silent e
? DROP the e before adding the
suffix
hope + ed = hoped
take + ing = taking
6. Try your new skills
write + ing ice + y dim + ly
flat + est submit + ed pain + ful
safe + er drop + ing sun + y
girl + ish flat + en wet + ish
lift + ed program + ing
