The document summarizes a presentation given at the Agile Conference Tokyo 2013. The presentation covered the Kano model for requirements analysis, Toyota Production System (TPS), and examples of successful and failed agile projects. The Kano model classifies product attributes as attractive, one-dimensional, must-be, and indifferent. TPS focuses on just-in-time production and continuous improvement. Case studies showed that agile is not always needed to improve productivity, and that lack of agile practices, tight schedules, and insufficient testing can lead to failures.