OSI 七层模型包括应用层、表现层、会话层、传输层、网络层、数据链路层和物理层,每层负责不同的功能和服务。应用层提供用户接口和应用服务,传输层确保可靠的数据传输,网络层负责数据包的路由,数据链路层处理帧和物理地址,而物理层定义物理连接标准。文档详细介绍了每个层的功能示例,如 HTTP、TCP 和 Ethernet。
Protocols For Self Organisation Of A Wireless Sensor NetworkSaatviga Sudhahar
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The document proposes protocols for self-organization of wireless sensor networks. It discusses challenges including energy consumption and localized algorithms. It presents SMACS for link layer organization, EAR for mobility management, and SAR for multihop routing. Cooperative signal processing algorithms like SWE and MWE are introduced to reduce data communication costs through local processing. The algorithms aim to address energy efficiency while allowing scalability in wireless sensor networks.
This document discusses Open vSwitch and its support for stateful services like connection tracking (conntrack) and network address translation (NAT). Open vSwitch is designed to manage overlay networks and provides programmable flow tables and remote management. It aims to integrate conntrack to enable stateful firewalling and NAT functions. This will allow matching on connection states and leveraging existing Linux conntrack and NAT modules. Examples are given of how conntrack and NAT rules could be implemented using these new Open vSwitch capabilities.
This document provides an overview of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. It describes OSPF terminology and operation, including link-state routing, databases, advertisements, and algorithms. It also covers OSPF packet types, areas, router types, metrics, and configuration. The objectives are to describe OSPF functionality in different network environments and configure basic and advanced OSPF features.
Cisco Live! :: Introduction to IOS XR for Enterprises and Service ProvidersBruno Teixeira
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The document provides an overview of an introductory session on IOS XR for enterprises and service providers. It outlines the agenda which includes discussing IOS XR architecture, modularity, scalability, stability, security, software packages, the command line interface, configuration management, monitoring tools, example configurations, and the route policy language. It also provides some logistical information about the session.
Este documento describe conceptos básicos de OSPF de área única. Explica las características y funciones de OSPF, incluidos los tipos de paquetes OSPF y el proceso de establecimiento de adyacencias entre routers. También describe el funcionamiento general de OSPF, incluidos los estados de operación y el proceso de sincronización de bases de datos entre routers vecinos.
This document provides an introduction to network coding. It defines network coding as a method for attaining maximum information flow in a network by considering encoding and decoding of data at network nodes. Random linear network coding is introduced as an approach where coding coefficients are chosen randomly from a finite field, allowing decoding with high probability. Applications of network coding are discussed, including improving efficiency in wireless networks through physical-layer network coding where wireless signals can add up. Potential problems with network coding in practical implementations are also noted.
13. 网路通讯原理
封裝/解封裝
接收端
傳送端
資料封裝
資料解封裝
實體層
資料鏈結層
網路層
傳輸層
會議層
展示層
應用層
Data
H7
Data
H6
Data
H5
Data
H4
Data
H3
T2
Data
H2
Data
H1
位元
訊框
封包
區段
Data
H7
Data
H6
Data
H5
Data
H4
Data
H3
T2
Data
H2
Data
H1
位元
訊框
封包
區段