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Al toxicity tolarence fi

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Mahesh Hampannavar
Mahesh Hampannavar

Al toxicity , symptoms, tolerance mechanism, genetics of tolerance , developed varieties for Al toxicity..........

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MAHESH R HAMPANNAVAR PG14AGR6062 Jnr M.Sc 2Mahesh R Hampannavar
Contents Introduction Al-toxicity symptoms in plants Site of al accumulation Injury mechanisms Genetics of Al Toxicity Resistance Sources Mineral Toxicity Resistance Creation of mineral toxicity environment Selection criteria Al resistance Characters associated Al toxicity resistance Al toxicity resistance varieties conclusion 3Mahesh R Hampannavar
Introduction Micro element but not essential element Al toxicity-soil low pH<5.0 Free Al ions soluble in low pH in Acidity soil-Fe,Mn,Al toxicity found Mn toxicity and deficiency of P,Ca,Mg also interplay in manifestion of Al toxicity 4Mahesh R Hampannavar
5Mahesh R Hampannavar
Al-TOXICITY SYMPTOMS IN PLANTS Poor or stunted growth Leaf tip death and marginal chlorosis Deficiency symptoms of Fe,Ca Effect on leaf area ,chlorophyll content and Hill activity Stunted and deformed roots- it become stibbier and thicker ,low specific surface Lateral root thickened and turn brown Callose formation 6Mahesh R Hampannavar
7Mahesh R Hampannavar
8Mahesh R Hampannavar
9Mahesh R Hampannavar
SITE OF Al ACCUMALATION Primary accumalation in Root maristem At cellular level in cell wall and nucleus Specific site is cellular membrane of younger and outer root cells 10Mahesh R Hampannavar
INJURY MECHANISMS Reduced root growth- Main effect Inhibits cell division in root meristem and cell elongatin Decrease extensibilityby cross linking protien in middle lamella Increase viscocity of protoplasm.. Inhibition of DNA synthesis 11Mahesh R Hampannavar
Effect of Al-toxicity on nutrient uptake- Ca,Mg,P,Fe and NO俗続 deficiency Al toxicity affects pollen germination Chromosomal abnormality and reducesed DNA synthesis Effect of Al toxicity on cell and cellular components- damaged cytoplasm,disruption of golgi bodies , extesive vacuoleation,cell distortion,cytoplam density 12Mahesh R Hampannavar
Genetics of Al Toxicity Resistance Generally polygenic trait Monogenic in Barley,Maize MAIZE - Lte2 BARLEY- Alp 13Mahesh R Hampannavar
GENETICS OF Al TOXICITY RESISTANCE CROP GENETIC CONTROL HERITABI LITY REMARKS BARLEY Alp -- -- WHEAT 5AL,6A,2DL,4DL,4BL,5D,7D -- -- RYE 3R, 4R,6R -- supressed when intercross with wheat MAIZE Single gene with multiple alleles:pleotropic effect of Lte2 -- Lte2 specifies heat SORGHUM polygenic high Selection would be effective ALFALFA polygenic -- -- 14Mahesh R Hampannavar
Sources Mineral Toxicity Resistance Old varieties adopted to acid soil and mineral toxicity Cultivated varieties bred and cultivated in acid soil region eg- Brazalian wheats 15Mahesh R Hampannavar
Creation of mineral toxicity environment Field having mineral toxicity Pots filled with problem soil In nutrient solution based on hydrophonics or sand culture 16Mahesh R Hampannavar
17Mahesh R Hampannavar
18Mahesh R Hampannavar
19Mahesh R Hampannavar
Selection criteria Al resistance Shoot dry matter - in pot and nutrient culture Root length- Root wieght- In hydrophonics Root deformation Root discolouration 20Mahesh R Hampannavar
Al exclusion from roots- Eg- In wheat, stained with haematoxylin,donot take up stain are resistance In field expt- yield is used to measure the resistance , evaluate in normal and stress condition,it suited for parents and F1 21Mahesh R Hampannavar
Characters associate with Al toxicity resistance Plant raise pH of their rhizosphere Al excluded from entering root from mucilage Al compartmentalized in roots chelation of organic acid in root Al accumalation in older leaves eg-tea Al resistance involve nutritional aspect-NH4, NO3,Ca deficiency,P deficiency 22Mahesh R Hampannavar
Problems in Al toxicity resistance breeding Toxicity profile varies with location Specific Al resistance may not serve the purpose Al toxicity interact with other mineral Ca,Mg,P so care should be taken during selection Hydrophonics is expensive and skill required Double work load- stress and non stresse condition evaluation 23Mahesh R Hampannavar
Al toxicity resistance varieties Rice- IR-64, Basmati370,Atlas66,IR-24 Wheat- BH1146,kedett Maize- sikuni,B37,C525-M Sorghum-PaB8A,B37 Barley-Aura Soybean-No.62,Lachang Groundnut-TAG-24,TCGA-5,-6,-10,-34,JL-220 24Mahesh R Hampannavar
25Mahesh R Hampannavar
Thank you one and All 26Mahesh R Hampannavar

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Al toxicity tolarence fi

  • 2. MAHESH R HAMPANNAVAR PG14AGR6062 Jnr M.Sc 2Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 3. Contents Introduction Al-toxicity symptoms in plants Site of al accumulation Injury mechanisms Genetics of Al Toxicity Resistance Sources Mineral Toxicity Resistance Creation of mineral toxicity environment Selection criteria Al resistance Characters associated Al toxicity resistance Al toxicity resistance varieties conclusion 3Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 4. Introduction Micro element but not essential element Al toxicity-soil low pH<5.0 Free Al ions soluble in low pH in Acidity soil-Fe,Mn,Al toxicity found Mn toxicity and deficiency of P,Ca,Mg also interplay in manifestion of Al toxicity 4Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 6. Al-TOXICITY SYMPTOMS IN PLANTS Poor or stunted growth Leaf tip death and marginal chlorosis Deficiency symptoms of Fe,Ca Effect on leaf area ,chlorophyll content and Hill activity Stunted and deformed roots- it become stibbier and thicker ,low specific surface Lateral root thickened and turn brown Callose formation 6Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 10. SITE OF Al ACCUMALATION Primary accumalation in Root maristem At cellular level in cell wall and nucleus Specific site is cellular membrane of younger and outer root cells 10Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 11. INJURY MECHANISMS Reduced root growth- Main effect Inhibits cell division in root meristem and cell elongatin Decrease extensibilityby cross linking protien in middle lamella Increase viscocity of protoplasm.. Inhibition of DNA synthesis 11Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 12. Effect of Al-toxicity on nutrient uptake- Ca,Mg,P,Fe and NO俗続 deficiency Al toxicity affects pollen germination Chromosomal abnormality and reducesed DNA synthesis Effect of Al toxicity on cell and cellular components- damaged cytoplasm,disruption of golgi bodies , extesive vacuoleation,cell distortion,cytoplam density 12Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 13. Genetics of Al Toxicity Resistance Generally polygenic trait Monogenic in Barley,Maize MAIZE - Lte2 BARLEY- Alp 13Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 14. GENETICS OF Al TOXICITY RESISTANCE CROP GENETIC CONTROL HERITABI LITY REMARKS BARLEY Alp -- -- WHEAT 5AL,6A,2DL,4DL,4BL,5D,7D -- -- RYE 3R, 4R,6R -- supressed when intercross with wheat MAIZE Single gene with multiple alleles:pleotropic effect of Lte2 -- Lte2 specifies heat SORGHUM polygenic high Selection would be effective ALFALFA polygenic -- -- 14Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 15. Sources Mineral Toxicity Resistance Old varieties adopted to acid soil and mineral toxicity Cultivated varieties bred and cultivated in acid soil region eg- Brazalian wheats 15Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 16. Creation of mineral toxicity environment Field having mineral toxicity Pots filled with problem soil In nutrient solution based on hydrophonics or sand culture 16Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 20. Selection criteria Al resistance Shoot dry matter - in pot and nutrient culture Root length- Root wieght- In hydrophonics Root deformation Root discolouration 20Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 21. Al exclusion from roots- Eg- In wheat, stained with haematoxylin,donot take up stain are resistance In field expt- yield is used to measure the resistance , evaluate in normal and stress condition,it suited for parents and F1 21Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 22. Characters associate with Al toxicity resistance Plant raise pH of their rhizosphere Al excluded from entering root from mucilage Al compartmentalized in roots chelation of organic acid in root Al accumalation in older leaves eg-tea Al resistance involve nutritional aspect-NH4, NO3,Ca deficiency,P deficiency 22Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 23. Problems in Al toxicity resistance breeding Toxicity profile varies with location Specific Al resistance may not serve the purpose Al toxicity interact with other mineral Ca,Mg,P so care should be taken during selection Hydrophonics is expensive and skill required Double work load- stress and non stresse condition evaluation 23Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 24. Al toxicity resistance varieties Rice- IR-64, Basmati370,Atlas66,IR-24 Wheat- BH1146,kedett Maize- sikuni,B37,C525-M Sorghum-PaB8A,B37 Barley-Aura Soybean-No.62,Lachang Groundnut-TAG-24,TCGA-5,-6,-10,-34,JL-220 24Mahesh R Hampannavar
  • 26. Thank you one and All 26Mahesh R Hampannavar