Ambition, Drivers, Participation
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The document discusses drivers of climate change and participation in climate agreements. Population and economic growth are driving emissions increases, particularly among developing countries focused on poverty reduction. Participation in climate agreements has increased but many countries have not committed to binding emissions targets. Incentives for participation include co-benefits, enabling economic growth while reducing poverty, and access to financial and technological support. Widespread participation could reduce emissions leakage and increase climate ambition over time.
Ambition, Drivers, Participation
- 1. Ambition Drivers Participation Gregory Briner Climate Justice Dialogue Mobilising Bold Action 4 April 2013 Climate Change Expert Group
- 2. Drivers
- 3. The worlds population is growing 3 Source: UN DESA Climate Change Expert Group
- 4. Emissions growth is being driven by the rise of the middle class 4 Source: Gapminder/UNDP Climate Change Expert Group
- 5. Emissions growth is being driven by the rise of the middle class 5 Source: UNDP Gapminder/UNDP Climate Change Expert Group
- 6. Source: Gapminder/UNDP 6 Climate Change Expert Group
- 7. Source: Gapminder/UNDP 7 Climate Change Expert Group
- 8. Poverty eradication remains a priority for many developing countries Source: UNDP Source: Gapminder/UNDP 8 Climate Change Expert Group
- 9. The worlds population is also getting older 9 Source: UN DESA Climate Change Expert Group
- 10. Participation 10 Climate Change Expert Group
- 11. No commitment Country participation: Kyoto vs. 2020 pledges 89.5% 13.2% 86.8% 10.5% 13.2% 38 10.5% KP CP2 commitment 10.5% KP CP 13.2% 13.2% 13.2% KP CP2 commitment 13.2% No No KP 38 157 KP CP2 commitment KP CP2 KP CP2 commitment 86.8% KP CP2 commitmentcomm 89.5% 86.8%CP2 KP orld GHG Percentage of projected No KP CP2 commitment No KP C No KP CP2 commitment No KP CP2 commitment No commitm 2010 157 world GHG emissions in 86.8% 89.5% 86.8% Number of countries 2020 Percentage of world GHG 89.5% Percentage of projected 86.8% emissions in 2010 world GHG emissions in 2020 Number of countries Percentage of world GHG Percentage of projected emissions in 2010 world GHG emissions in 2020 of world GHG Percentage of projected s in 2010 43 21.9% GHG emissions 22.2% MitigationMitigation target in world target Mitigation36.6% 11 21.9% target Mitigation target M 6.1% 36.6% 36.1% 104 2020 MitigationMitigation action action Mitigation action Mitigation action M 43 48 No22.2% Mitigation target pledge 36.1% 21.9% Mitigation target No pledge N Mit 36.6% 104 No pledge 41.7% Mitigation action No 41.5% pledge Mitigation action Mit 48 41.5% pledge No No pledge No 41.7% 41.5% Number of countries Percentage of world GHG Percentage of projected 21.9%emissions in 2010 world GHG emissions in 11
- 12. Possible incentives for participation Co-benefits, e.g. air quality, energy access, health benefits, biodiversity protection An agreement that enables countries to pursue economic growth and reduce poverty Access to financial support, technology and capacity building Access to market mechanisms
- 13. The private sector and civil society also need to participate Source: UNFCCC
- 14. Ambition In Conclusion.. EuropeAid 14 Climate Change Expert Group
- 15. Possible links between participation and ambition in the post-2020 agreement Possible components of ambition: headline numbers, scope, period of application, accounting framework Provisions for mitigation and other aspects of the post-2020 agreement could be ramped up over time Widespread participation could reduce emissions leakage and competitiveness concerns Countries willing to take the lead could demonstrate the benefits of a transition to a low carbon economy 15 Climate Change Expert Group
- 16. UNFCCC signed Bali Action Plan agreed Stockholm Conference, Brundtland Report Kyoto Protocol signed 16 Climate Change Expert Group
- 17. Thank you Gregory Briner gregory.briner@oecd.org www.oecd.org/env/cc/ccxg 17 Climate Change Expert Group