The document discusses the differences between organic and inorganic compounds, with organic compounds containing carbon chains and bonds and including substances found in living things like proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. It explains that carbon is well-suited to form these organic compounds because carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds, including with other carbon atoms, allowing long chains to form. The document also introduces polymers as macromolecules made of repeating monomer units, provides examples of starch being made of many glucose monomers and proteins being made of amino acids, and describes how water is involved in the synthesis and decomposition of polymers through dehydration synthesis, where water is lost during polymer formation, and hydrolysis, where water is added to
2. What is the difference between the terms organic and inorganic? Inorganic substances that make up the bulk of the physical non-living universe no carbon chains no carbon/hydrogen bonds Examples water, minerals, oxygen, CO 2 Organic substances found in living or once living matter usually contain at least 2 carbon atoms in a chain and/or carbon/hydrogen bonds Examples Proteins, Carbohydrates (sugars), Lipids (fats), and Nucleic Acids (DNA)
3. Carbon is the perfect backbone element for all organic compoundsWhy? Each carbon atom can form four covalent bonds, and carbon atoms can bond with other carbon atoms.
10. What is the role of water in the synthesis and decomposition of a polymer? Dehydration Synthesis a molecule of water is lost when a polymer is constructed. Water is lost when macromolecules are made
11. Hydrolysis water must be added to decompose a polymer
