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ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS

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Milan Sawant

This lesson plan discusses analgesia and anaesthesia in obstetrics. It defines pain as a subjective experience and discusses non-pharmacological pain relief methods like hydrotherapy, acupuncture, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. It also discusses regional analgesia techniques like epidural analgesia, spinal analgesia/anaesthesia, and patient controlled epidural analgesia. It notes contraindications for epidural anaesthesia like infection, coagulopathy, or hypotension. Spinal anaesthesia provides anaesthesia for vaginal delivery or late in the second stage of labor. Patient controlled epidural analgesia is associated with greater satisfaction and a lower dose than continuous epidural infusion.

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LESSON PLAN ON ANALGESIA AND ANAESTHESIA IN OBSTETRICS PRESENTED BY, MS. MILAN SAWANT, 1ST YEAR M.Sc. NURSING, SAMARTH NURSING COLLEGE, DERVAN
DEFINITION OF PAIN PAIN IS A SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE, AND IT IS WHATEVER THE WOMAN SAYS IT IS FOR HER.
PERCEPTION OF PAIN
FEAR AND ANXIETY
ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS
FATIGUE
CULTURAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS
EXPECTATIONS
PAIN PATHWAYS IN LABOR
ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS
NON PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS
1. PSYCHOPROPHYLAXIS
TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION
ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS
HYDROTHERAPY
ACUPUNCTURE/ACUPRESSURE
ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS
ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS
REGIONAL ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS EPIDURAL ANALGESIA SPINAL ANALGESIA/ ANESTHESIA PATIENT CONTROLLED EPIDURAL ANALGESIA
EPIDURAL ANALGESIA/ ANAESTHESIA
CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA PATIENT REFUSAL OR INABILITY TO COOPERATE . INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE SECONDARY TO A MASS LESION. SKIN OR SOFT TISSUE INFECTION AT THE SITE OF NEEDLE PLACEMENT FRANK COAGULOPATHY. UNCORRECTED MATERNAL HYPOVOLEMIA (E.G., HEMORRHAGE) . INADEQUATE TRAINING IN OR EXPERIENCE WITH THE TECHNIQUE .
SPINAL ANESTHESIA
CONT.. SPINAL ANESTHESIA INVOLVES THE INJECTION OF A LOCAL ANESTHETIC DIRECTLY INTO THE SPINAL FLUID, PROVIDING ANESTHESIA FOR VAGINAL OR LATE IN THE SECOND STAGE, WHEN THE FETAL HEAD IS ON THE PERINEUM. IT HAS NO EFFECT ON MATERNAL OR FETAL RESPIRATIONS BUT MAY CAUSE TEMPORARY HYPOTENSION AND A POSTSPINAL MATERNAL HEADACHE.
PATIENT CONTROLLED EPIDURAL ANALGESIA
CONT.. PCEA HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER MATERNAL SATISFACTION AS COMPARED WITH BOTH INTERMITTENT BOLUS INJECTION AND CONTINUOUS EPIDURAL INFUSION. PCEA RESULTS IN A LOWER AVERAGE HOURLY DOSE OF BUPIVACAINE THAN DOES A CONTINUOUS EPIDURAL INFUSION OF BUPIVACAINE. RESERVED FOR PATIENTS WHO ARE WILLING AND ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THAT THEY ARE IN CONTROL OF THEIR ANALGESIA.
ANALGESIA IN OBSTETRICS

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