Analysis of titanic failure - Титаник сүйрэл дээрх анализ хийх

Dec 6, 2018Download as PPTX, PDF2 likes219 views

The document analyzes the failure of the Titanic, beginning with a brief history of its construction and sinking in 1912 after hitting an iceberg. It then discusses several reasons for the Titanic's failure, including its high speed through icy waters, the late detection of the iceberg, lack of lifeboats, and flaws in the steel and design. Specifically, the steel used in the Titanic had a higher ductile-to-brittle transition temperature than modern steel, causing it to fracture rather than bend when hit by the iceberg in cold waters. While better steel and an alternative design without compartments may have prevented the sinking, the engineering mistakes ultimately led to the Titanic's demise and over 1500 casualties.

Implemented by:
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
ANALYSIS OF THE TITANIC FAILURE
BAT-OCHIR BATTUMUR
GMIT – BACH1
03/15/18

Implemented by:
AGENDA
1. BRIEF HISTORY OF TITANIC
2. REASONS WHY THE TITANIC FAILED
3. TITANIC STEEL VS MODERN STEEL
4. DESIGN FLAWS OF TITANIC
5. CONCLUSION
6. NEXT TITANIC IN THE FUTURE
7. THANKS, Q&A
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn

Implemented by:
BRIEF HISTORY OF TITANIC
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
31 March
1909
• Construction of titanic begins
31 May
1911
• Firstly launched
10 April
1912
• left Southampton
• called at Cherbourg (France) and Queenstown (Ireland)
• Headed to New York
14 April,
11.40pm
• hit an iceberg
15 April,
2.20am
• broke apart and sank with over 1500 people
September
1, 1985
• The wreck of Titanic was first discovered at depth of 3784m

Implemented by:
REASONS WHY THE TITANIC FAILED
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
• FULL SPEED
• (42KM/H) DURING NIGHT
TIME
• ICEBERG WAS SPOTTED TOO
LATE
(37 SECONDS BEFORE HIT)
• THE LACK OF LIFEBOATS
• HULL STEEL
• DESIGN

Implemented by:
TITANIC STEEL VS MODERN STEEL
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
TITANIC
STEEL
SAE 1020
GRAIN SIZE 50µm 25µm
Yield
Strength 193.1 MPa 206.9 MPa
Tensile
Strength 417.1 MPa 379.2 MPa
MN:S RATIO LOWER HIGHER
DUCTILE-TO-
BRITTLE
TEMPERATURE
GREATER
(32°C for
longitudinal
56°C for
transverse)
LESS
Sea-water temperature (-2°C) below DUCTILE-TO-
BRITTLE TEMPERATURE (32°C and 56°C) led to
brittle failure

Implemented by:
DESIGN FLAWS OF TITANIC
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
• The lower section of the Titanic was divided into
sixteen compartments that could easily be sealed off
• If there had been no compartments at all, the incoming
water would have spread out
(Titanic would have remained horizontal for another 6
hours)
TITANIC STEEL
WHICH SHOWS
BRITTLE BEHAVIOR
UNDER 32°C

Implemented by:
CONCLUSION
• THE MAIN ENGINEERING
MISTAKES OF TITANIC WERE
1. HULL STEEL
(SHOWS BRITTLE BEHAVIOR
UNDER 32°C)
2. BAD DESIGN IN LOWER
SECTION
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
• SOLUTION WOULD BE
1. PROPER STEEL (WHICH HAS
LOWER DUCTILE-TO-BRITTLE
TEMPERATURE)
2. NO COMPARTMENTS

Implemented by:
TITANIC II (Romandisea Titanic)
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
CHINA’S REPLICA IS SCHEDULED TO
BE FINISHED BY THE END OF THIS
YEAR AND OPENED TO THE PUBLIC
IN 2019

Implemented by:
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Implemented by:
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanic
• http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/9801/Felkins-9801.html
• https://www.simscale.com/blog/2018/01/why-did-titanic-sink-engineer/
• https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8933109/The-30-seconds-that-
sank-the-Titanic-fatal-delay-in-order-to-change-course-doomed-liner.html
• https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/cruises/news/titanic-replica-latest-update/
German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn
REFERENCE

The document provides background information on the sinking of the Titanic, including a timeline of events and activities exploring the science and history of the disaster. The timeline indicates that the Titanic collided with an iceberg on April 14th, 1912, resulting in damage that caused it to sink on April 15th at 2:20 AM. The document then outlines science and history learning activities focusing on the materials used to build the Titanic, determining how many compartments would need to fill to cause it to sink, and discussing who or what was to blame.

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CAUSES: MATERIAL FAILURES DESIGN FLAWS MATERIAL FAILURES: When the Titanic collided with the iceberg, the hull steel and the wrought iron rivets failed because of brittle fracture. . The causes of brittle fracture include low temperature, high impact loading, and high sulphur content. . On the night of the Titanic disaster, each of these three factors was present: The water temperature was below freezing, the Titanic was travelling at a high speed on impact with the iceberg, and the hull steel contained high levels of sulphur. Material Failure High sulphur content increases the brittleness of steel by disrupting the��grain structure��. The sulphur combines with magnesium in the steel to form stringers of magnesium sulphide, which act as "highways" for crack propagation. Charpy test is used to measure the brittlness of a material. A cigarette-sized coupon of steel taken from the Titanic wreck and a piece of modern high quality steel. Design Flaws: Although the compartments were called watertight, they were actually only watertight horizontally; their tops were open and the walls extended only a few feet above the waterline . Some of the scientists studying the disaster have even concluded that the watertight compartments contributed to the disaster by keeping the flood waters in the bow of the ship. Design failure: If there had been no compartments at all, the incoming water would have spread out, and the Titanic would have remained horizontal.

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Analysis of titanic failure - Титаник сүйрэл дээрх анализ хийх

1. Implemented by: German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn ANALYSIS OF THE TITANIC FAILURE BAT-OCHIR BATTUMUR GMIT – BACH1 03/15/18

2. Implemented by: AGENDA 1. BRIEF HISTORY OF TITANIC 2. REASONS WHY THE TITANIC FAILED 3. TITANIC STEEL VS MODERN STEEL 4. DESIGN FLAWS OF TITANIC 5. CONCLUSION 6. NEXT TITANIC IN THE FUTURE 7. THANKS, Q&A German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn

3. Implemented by: BRIEF HISTORY OF TITANIC German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn 31 March 1909 • Construction of titanic begins 31 May 1911 • Firstly launched 10 April 1912 • left Southampton • called at Cherbourg (France) and Queenstown (Ireland) • Headed to New York 14 April, 11.40pm • hit an iceberg 15 April, 2.20am • broke apart and sank with over 1500 people September 1, 1985 • The wreck of Titanic was first discovered at depth of 3784m

4. Implemented by: REASONS WHY THE TITANIC FAILED German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn • FULL SPEED • (42KM/H) DURING NIGHT TIME • ICEBERG WAS SPOTTED TOO LATE (37 SECONDS BEFORE HIT) • THE LACK OF LIFEBOATS • HULL STEEL • DESIGN

5. Implemented by: TITANIC STEEL VS MODERN STEEL German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn TITANIC STEEL SAE 1020 GRAIN SIZE 50µm 25µm Yield Strength 193.1 MPa 206.9 MPa Tensile Strength 417.1 MPa 379.2 MPa MN:S RATIO LOWER HIGHER DUCTILE-TO- BRITTLE TEMPERATURE GREATER (32°C for longitudinal 56°C for transverse) LESS Sea-water temperature (-2°C) below DUCTILE-TO- BRITTLE TEMPERATURE (32°C and 56°C) led to brittle failure

6. Implemented by: DESIGN FLAWS OF TITANIC German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn • The lower section of the Titanic was divided into sixteen compartments that could easily be sealed off • If there had been no compartments at all, the incoming water would have spread out (Titanic would have remained horizontal for another 6 hours) TITANIC STEEL WHICH SHOWS BRITTLE BEHAVIOR UNDER 32°C

7. Implemented by: CONCLUSION • THE MAIN ENGINEERING MISTAKES OF TITANIC WERE 1. HULL STEEL (SHOWS BRITTLE BEHAVIOR UNDER 32°C) 2. BAD DESIGN IN LOWER SECTION German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn • SOLUTION WOULD BE 1. PROPER STEEL (WHICH HAS LOWER DUCTILE-TO-BRITTLE TEMPERATURE) 2. NO COMPARTMENTS

8. Implemented by: TITANIC II (Romandisea Titanic) German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn CHINA’S REPLICA IS SCHEDULED TO BE FINISHED BY THE END OF THIS YEAR AND OPENED TO THE PUBLIC IN 2019

9. Implemented by: German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

10. Implemented by: • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Titanic • http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/9801/Felkins-9801.html • https://www.simscale.com/blog/2018/01/why-did-titanic-sink-engineer/ • https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8933109/The-30-seconds-that- sank-the-Titanic-fatal-delay-in-order-to-change-course-doomed-liner.html • https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/cruises/news/titanic-replica-latest-update/ German-Mongolian Institute for Resources and Technology − www.gmit.edu.mn REFERENCE

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Analysis of titanic failure - Титаник сүйрэл дээрх анализ хийх

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