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Anatomy of female reproductive organ.pptx

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yadvendra yadav

The document summarizes the key external and internal reproductive organs. The external genitalia discussed are the vulva, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vestibule. The internal organs discussed include the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The uterus has a body, isthmus, and cervix. The fallopian tubes connect to the uterus and ovaries. The ovaries are paired sex glands that store and release eggs and produce hormones.

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Reproductive organ 1.External genitalia 2. Internal genitalia 3.Accessory reproductive organ
External Genitalia
Vulva /pudendum (covered by keratinized startified squamous epithelium) • Mons pubis • Labia Majora • Labia Minora • Hymen • Clitoris • Vestibule • Urethra • Skin gland • Bartholin’s gland • Vestibular bulb
Mons Pubis •Pad of subcutaneous adipose connective tissue. •Hair pattern - Escutcheon (triangular with the base directed upward )
Labia Majora •Subcutaneous Tissue. • Form posterior commissure in front of anus. • The thin Skin on outer surface has sebaceous gland covered with hair follicles . • Covered with squamous epithelium and contain sweat glands. • Adipose tissue supplied by venous plexus • Homologous to scrotum .
Labia Minora • Subcutaneous tissue • Two thin fold of screen, devoid of fat, on either side, just within the labia majora . • Lower portion fuses to form a fold of skin known as fourchette. • Lacerated during labour. • B/w the fourchette and vaginal orifice is the Fossa Navicularis . • No hair follicle no sweat gland .
CLITORIS • Small cylindrical erectile body, • 1.5 - 2 cm situated in anterior part of vulva. • It has three part • Glance which is covered by squamous • Body • Crura
Anatomy of female reproductive organ.pptx
Vestibule • It is made up Anteriorly by clitoris • And posteriorly by forchette. • It has four opening :- 1. Urethral opening 2. Vaginal orifice and hymen 3. Opening of birtholin duct 4. Skene's gland
Urethral opening: • the opening is situated in the mid line just in front of vaginal orifice about 1.5 CM below the pubic arch.
Vaginal Opening •It is incompletely closed by a septum of mucus membrane called hymen. •Hymen lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
Bertholin Duct Opening •It is pea shaped and yellowish white in colour. •During sexual excitement it secrete abundant alkaline mucus which help in lubrication.
Skenes’s Gland • The largest para urethral gland it is homologous to prostate.
UTERUS •Hollow pyriform muscular organ situated in pelvis is known as uterus. •It is situated between bladder and rectum.Position: antiversion and antiflexion. •It inclines to the right dextro rotation so that cervix is directed to the left levo rotation and come in closer relation with the left ureter.
Anatomy of female reproductive organ.pptx
Measurement of Uterus •8 cm long •5 cm wide •1.25 cm thick •50-80 gm weight
Uterus Parts •Body •Ishthmus •Cervix
• BODY • It is also known as the Corpus •Body is divided into 1. Fundus 2. Body cavity •The uterine tube, round ligament, ligament of the ovary, attached to it.
•Isthmus :- it is constricted part measuring 0.5 CM between body and cervix. • Cervix: it is cylindrical in shape and measure 2.5 CM.It extended from the isthmus and end at the external OS which open into vagina.The part lying above vagina is called Supra vaginal
STRUCTURES Body : 1.Perimetrium: It is a serous coat attached to the peritoneum. 2.Myometrium: it consists of a thick bundle of smooth muscles fibre. During pregnancy three layer can be identified outer longitudinal middle, interlacing inner circular. 3. Endometrium: it is known as decidua in pregnancy.It is mucus lining, it consists of lamina propria and surface epithelium.Lamina propria is the made up of instrumal cells endometrial glands and vessels.
Cervix •It is composed of fibrous connective tissue.Secretion is the endometrial secretion is scanty and watery.Alkaline thick rich in mucoprotein fructose and NaCl.
Arterial Supply • Uterine arteries and vaginal arteries. •Internal supply : basal artery and spiral artery . Veins : Internal iliac vein. NERVE : it get supply from sympathetic system and partially from parasympathetic system •Sympathetic is T5 –T6, T10 – L1 •Para sympathetic: pelvic nerve S2 ,S3 and S4 •The uterus is developed from fused vertical part of two mullerian duct.
FALLOPIAN TUBE • It Is situated in the medial 3/4th of upper free margin of broad ligament. • It has to opening uterine opening and pelvic opening. • Parts of fallopian tube: 1. Intramural / interstitial: It is known as the anatomical sphincter which is 1.25 CM in length and 1 mm in diameter. 2. Isthmus: it is known as physiological sphincter, 3-4 CM in length and 2 mm in diameter. 3. Ampula: it measures 5 cm in length. 4. Infundibulm: it is 1.25 cm long and diameter is 6 mm.
Anatomy of female reproductive organ.pptx
STRUCTURE it consists of three layer. 1. Serous: all side of peritoneum except the line of attachment of mesosalphinx. 2. Muscular: arranged in outer longitudinal and inner circular. 3. Mucous membrane: it has three different cell - • Columnar ciliated epithelial cell • Secretary columnar cell and • Peg cell.
Function • Transport of the gametes • To facilitate fertilization • And survival of zygote through secretion Blood supply: 1. arterial supply is from the uterine and ovarian. 2. Venous drainage is through pampiniform plexus into ovarian vein
OVARY Paired sex glands Function : Germ cell maturation, storage and release. Steroidgenesis Each glant is oval in shape and pinkish grey in colour. Surface is scarred during reproductive period. Size: 3cm × 2cm× 1cm
Anatomy of female reproductive organ.pptx
• Ovary has two end :- tubal and uterine • Has two border :- mesovarium and free posterior. •It has two surface:- media surface and lateral surface The structure: •The ovary is covered by single layer of cubical cell known as germinal epithelium. • Cortex : strom cells which is thick beneath epithelium form a tunica albuginea. • During reproductive period cortex cover follicle known as functional unit of the ovary.

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Anatomy of female reproductive organ.pptx

  • 1. Reproductive organ 1.External genitalia 2. Internal genitalia 3.Accessory reproductive organ
  • 3. Vulva /pudendum (covered by keratinized startified squamous epithelium) • Mons pubis • Labia Majora • Labia Minora • Hymen • Clitoris • Vestibule • Urethra • Skin gland • Bartholin’s gland • Vestibular bulb
  • 4. Mons Pubis •Pad of subcutaneous adipose connective tissue. •Hair pattern - Escutcheon (triangular with the base directed upward )
  • 5. Labia Majora •Subcutaneous Tissue. • Form posterior commissure in front of anus. • The thin Skin on outer surface has sebaceous gland covered with hair follicles . • Covered with squamous epithelium and contain sweat glands. • Adipose tissue supplied by venous plexus • Homologous to scrotum .
  • 6. Labia Minora • Subcutaneous tissue • Two thin fold of screen, devoid of fat, on either side, just within the labia majora . • Lower portion fuses to form a fold of skin known as fourchette. • Lacerated during labour. • B/w the fourchette and vaginal orifice is the Fossa Navicularis . • No hair follicle no sweat gland .
  • 7. CLITORIS • Small cylindrical erectile body, • 1.5 - 2 cm situated in anterior part of vulva. • It has three part • Glance which is covered by squamous • Body • Crura
  • 9. Vestibule • It is made up Anteriorly by clitoris • And posteriorly by forchette. • It has four opening :- 1. Urethral opening 2. Vaginal orifice and hymen 3. Opening of birtholin duct 4. Skene's gland
  • 10. Urethral opening: • the opening is situated in the mid line just in front of vaginal orifice about 1.5 CM below the pubic arch.
  • 11. Vaginal Opening •It is incompletely closed by a septum of mucus membrane called hymen. •Hymen lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
  • 12. Bertholin Duct Opening •It is pea shaped and yellowish white in colour. •During sexual excitement it secrete abundant alkaline mucus which help in lubrication.
  • 13. Skenes’s Gland • The largest para urethral gland it is homologous to prostate.
  • 14. UTERUS •Hollow pyriform muscular organ situated in pelvis is known as uterus. •It is situated between bladder and rectum.Position: antiversion and antiflexion. •It inclines to the right dextro rotation so that cervix is directed to the left levo rotation and come in closer relation with the left ureter.
  • 16. Measurement of Uterus •8 cm long •5 cm wide •1.25 cm thick •50-80 gm weight
  • 18. • BODY • It is also known as the Corpus •Body is divided into 1. Fundus 2. Body cavity •The uterine tube, round ligament, ligament of the ovary, attached to it.
  • 19. •Isthmus :- it is constricted part measuring 0.5 CM between body and cervix. • Cervix: it is cylindrical in shape and measure 2.5 CM.It extended from the isthmus and end at the external OS which open into vagina.The part lying above vagina is called Supra vaginal
  • 20. STRUCTURES Body : 1.Perimetrium: It is a serous coat attached to the peritoneum. 2.Myometrium: it consists of a thick bundle of smooth muscles fibre. During pregnancy three layer can be identified outer longitudinal middle, interlacing inner circular. 3. Endometrium: it is known as decidua in pregnancy.It is mucus lining, it consists of lamina propria and surface epithelium.Lamina propria is the made up of instrumal cells endometrial glands and vessels.
  • 21. Cervix •It is composed of fibrous connective tissue.Secretion is the endometrial secretion is scanty and watery.Alkaline thick rich in mucoprotein fructose and NaCl.
  • 22. Arterial Supply • Uterine arteries and vaginal arteries. •Internal supply : basal artery and spiral artery . Veins : Internal iliac vein. NERVE : it get supply from sympathetic system and partially from parasympathetic system •Sympathetic is T5 –T6, T10 – L1 •Para sympathetic: pelvic nerve S2 ,S3 and S4 •The uterus is developed from fused vertical part of two mullerian duct.
  • 23. FALLOPIAN TUBE • It Is situated in the medial 3/4th of upper free margin of broad ligament. • It has to opening uterine opening and pelvic opening. • Parts of fallopian tube: 1. Intramural / interstitial: It is known as the anatomical sphincter which is 1.25 CM in length and 1 mm in diameter. 2. Isthmus: it is known as physiological sphincter, 3-4 CM in length and 2 mm in diameter. 3. Ampula: it measures 5 cm in length. 4. Infundibulm: it is 1.25 cm long and diameter is 6 mm.
  • 25. STRUCTURE it consists of three layer. 1. Serous: all side of peritoneum except the line of attachment of mesosalphinx. 2. Muscular: arranged in outer longitudinal and inner circular. 3. Mucous membrane: it has three different cell - • Columnar ciliated epithelial cell • Secretary columnar cell and • Peg cell.
  • 26. Function • Transport of the gametes • To facilitate fertilization • And survival of zygote through secretion Blood supply: 1. arterial supply is from the uterine and ovarian. 2. Venous drainage is through pampiniform plexus into ovarian vein
  • 27. OVARY Paired sex glands Function : Germ cell maturation, storage and release. Steroidgenesis Each glant is oval in shape and pinkish grey in colour. Surface is scarred during reproductive period. Size: 3cm × 2cm× 1cm
  • 29. • Ovary has two end :- tubal and uterine • Has two border :- mesovarium and free posterior. •It has two surface:- media surface and lateral surface The structure: •The ovary is covered by single layer of cubical cell known as germinal epithelium. • Cortex : strom cells which is thick beneath epithelium form a tunica albuginea. • During reproductive period cortex cover follicle known as functional unit of the ovary.