Anatomy Of Knee Joint.pptx
- 1. Anatomy Of Knee Joint
- 2. Outline Introduction Stability of knee joint Stabilizing muscle capsule of knee joint ligament of knee joint Bursae around knee joint
- 3. Introduction Type of joint 1. Fibrous or immobile joint 2. Cartilaginous Or slightly moveable joint 3. Synovial Joint
- 4. Type of synovial joint 1. ball and socket joint 2. Hing Joint 3. Pivot joint 4. Gliding joint 5. Saddle joint 6. Condyloid Joint
- 5. Knee joint The knee joint is the largest and most superficial joint It is hinge type of synovial joint Consists of 3 articulation 1. Medial femorotibial articulation 2. Lateral femorotibial articulation 3. Femoropatellar articulation
- 6. Knee joint
- 7. Knee joint
- 8. Femur
- 9. Tibia
- 10. Tibia
- 11. Patella Is sesamoid bone Several ossifi cation centres appear at 3 years and fuse at puberty . A bipartite (or multipartite) patella is a common variant when the superolateral corner fails to fuse.
- 12. Patella
- 13. Stability Of knee joint The stability of knee joint depends on 1. the strength and action of the surrounding muscle and their tendon 2. The ligament that connect the femur and tibia the erect, extended position is the most stable position of the knee joint
- 14. Muscle For Stabilizing Knee Joint Quadriceps Femoris
- 18. Capsule Of Knee Joint It is consisting of fibrous capsule and synovial membrane
- 19. Fibrous capsule Superiorly , fibrous layer attaches to the femur, just proximal to the articular margin of the condyles Inferiorly ,margin of the superior articular surface of tibia except where the tendon of popliteus crosses the bone Posteriorly, encloses the condyles and the intercondylar fossa. It has an opening to allow the tendon of popliteus to pass Anteriorly, the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament replace the fibrous layer
- 21. Synovial membrane Superiorly, it continuous with synovial lining of suprapatelar bursa Posteriorly, an anterior synovium reflection from the capsule covers the front and sides of the cruciate ligament , rendering them intracapsular but extrasynovial
- 22. Extracapsular Ligament Of Knee Joint 1 patellar ligament Receives the medial and lateral patelar retinacula play important role in maintaining alignment of patella
- 24. 2 lateral collateral ligament(FCL Tendon of popliteus separating FCL from the lateral meniscus Tendon of biceps femoris is split into two part by the FCL
- 25. FCL
- 26. 3 medial collateral ligament (TCL TLC are firmly attached to the medial meniscus The TCL , weaker than the FCL ,is more often damaged
- 27. TCL
- 28. 4 oblique popliteal ligament Is atendinous expansion derived from the semimembranosus muscle It strengthens the posterior aspect of the capsule
- 30. Arcuate Popliteal Ligament It arises from the posterior aspect of the fibula head ,passes superomedially over the tendon of the popliteus surface of the knee joint
- 31. Intra articular ligament 1 anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) Arise from the anterior intercondylar area of tibia to attach to the posterior part of the medial side of lateral condyle of femur Weaker than PCL Has relatively poor blood supply
- 32. 2 posterior cruciate ligament Arise from posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to attached to anterior part of the lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle
- 33. Menisci of the knee joint Are crescentric plates of fibrocartilage on the articular surface of the tibia that deepen the surface and play a role in shock absorption The coronary ligaments are portion of the joint capsule extending between the margins of the menisci and most of the periphery of the tibial condyle Transverse ligament of knee joins the anterior edge of menisci
- 35. Medial meniscus Mesial meniscus firmly adheres to the deep surface of TCL Is less mobile on the tibial plateau than is the lateral meniscus
- 36. Lateral meniscus Is smaller and more freely movable than the median meniscus Posterior meniscofemoral ligament joins the lateral meniscus to PCL and the medial femoral condyle
- 37. Bursae around knee joint They are found wherever skin ,muscle ,or tendon rubs against bone Four bursae communicate with the synovial cavity of knee joint 1. Suprapatellar bursa 2. Popliteus bursa 3. Anserine bursa 4. Gastrocnemius bursa
- 39. Reference Moore- clinically oriented anatomy Netter atlas Of human Anatomy Applied Radiologic anatomy
- 40. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- #6: Type of joint 1, fibrous or fixed joint, 2cartilaginous or slightly moveable joint ,3 synovial joint Type of synovial joint ,1ball and socket ,2 hing joint,3pivot joint ,4 gliding joint, 5 saddle joint,6 condyloid joint
- #14: The most important muscle in stabilizing the knee joint is the large quadriceps femoris, particularly the inferior fi bers of the vastus medialis and lateralis
- #17: Superior part of medial surface of tibia
- #18: Lateral condyle of tibia
- #26: Lateral epicondyle of femur to lateral surface of fibula head
- #28: Medial epicondyle to medial condyle and superior part of medial surface
- #30: Tendon of semimembranous to lateral femoral condyle
- #31: aspect of the fi bular head, passes superomedially over the tendon of the popliteus, and spreads over the posterior surface of the knee joint. Its development appears to be inversely related to the presence and size of a fabella in the proximal attachment of the lateral head of gastrocnemius (see blue box Fabella in Gastrocnemius; Fig. B5.21 on p. 606). Both structures are thought to contribute to posterolateral stabilityaspect of the fi bular head, passes superomedially over the tendon of the popliteus, and spreads over the posterior surface of the knee joint. Its development appears to be inversely related to the presence and size of a fabella in the proximal attachment of the lateral head of gastrocnemius (see blue box Fabella in Gastrocnemius; Fig. B5.21 on p. 606). Both structures are thought to contribute to posterolateral stability