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ANDROID
Android Platform
Mayank Jalotra

Main topics

1. Introduction

2. Platform

3. Software development

4. Overall evaluation

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1. Introduction
What is Android?
• An operating system for mobile devices

• Based on the Linux kernel

• Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)

• Allows writing managed code in the Java language

• Possibility to write applications in other languages and compiling it to ARM
native code

• Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November 2007 with
the founding of OHA

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1. Introduction
What is the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)? (1)

→ It's a consortium of several companies

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1. Introduction
What is the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)? (2)

• Devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices

• Develop technologies that will significantly lower the cost of developing and
distributing mobile devices and services

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1. Introduction
License

Android is under version 2 of the Apache Software License (ASL)

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2. Platform
2.1 Hardware

Android is a complete, end-to-end software platform that can be adapted to work
on any number of hardware configurations. Everything is there, from the
bootloader all the way up to the applications.

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2. Platform
2.2 Operating System

• Android uses Linux for its device drivers, memory management, process
management, and networking.

• The next level up contains the Android native libraries. They are all written in
C/C++ internally, but you’ll be calling them through Java interfaces. Here you
can find the Surface Manager, 2D and 3D graphics, Media codecs, the SQL
database (SQLite), and a native web browser engine (WebKit).

• Dalvik Virtual Machine. Dalvik runs dex files, which are converted at compile
time from standard class and jar files.

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2. Platform
2.3 Network Connectivity

It supports wireless communications using:

 GSM mobile-phone technology

 3G

 Edge

 Wi-Fi networks

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2. Platform
2.4 Security

Android is a multi-process system, in which each application (and parts of the
system) runs in its own process. Most security between applications and the
system is enforced at the process level through standard Linux facilities .

Additional finer-grained security features are provided through a "permission"
mechanism that enforces restrictions on the specific operations that a particular
process can perform .

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2. Platform

2.6 Future possibilities

• Google Android Sales to Overtake iPhone this year.
• The OHA is committed to make their vision a reality: to deploy the Android
platform for every mobile operator, handset manufacturers and developers to
build innovative devices.
• Intel doesn’t want to lose ownership of the netbook market, so they need to
prepare for anything, including Android .
• Latest launched initiatives offers to run Android on embedded hardware, aside
from cellphones, mobile internet devices, and portable media players, could
include GPS devices and set-top boxes.
• More Android devices are coming and some will push the envelope even
further

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3.1 Development requirements

• Java

• Android SDK

• Eclipse IDE (optional)

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3.2 IDE and Tools
Android SDK
• Class Library
• Developer Tools
• System Images
• Documentation and Sample Code

Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development Tools)
• Reduces Development and Testing Time
• Makes User Interface-Creation easier
• Makes Application Description Easier

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3.3 Programming Language(s)

• Java – officially supported

• C/C++ – also possible but not supported

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4.1 Advantages

There are a lots of advantages that Google’s Android will derive from being an
open source software. Some of the advantages include:

• The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform
• The consumer will benefit from having a wide range of mobile applications to
choose from since the monopoly will be broken by Google Android
• Men will be able to customize a mobile phones using Google Android platform
like never before
• Features like weather details, live RSS feeds and even the icons on the
opening screen will be able to be customized
• As a result of many mobile phones carrying Google Android, companies will
come up with such innovative products
• In addition the entertainment functionalities will be taken a notch higher by
Google Android being able to offer online real time multiplayer games

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4.2 Limitations

Bluetooth limitations
o Android doesn't support:
 Bluetooth stereo
 Contacts exchange
 Modem pairing
 Wireless keyboards

But it'll work with Bluetooth headsets, but that's about it

Firefox Mobile isn't coming to Android
Apps in Android Market need to be programmed with a custom form of Java
→ Mozilla and the Fennec won't have that

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4.3 Conclusion
We can only hope that the next versions of Android have overcome the actual
limitations and that the future possibilities became a reality

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Q&A

Any questions?

www.computeruniverse.weebly.com

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Android

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