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BULIMIA NERVOSA

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– The SubjecT headingS:
1. What is Anorexia Nervosa and Blumia?
2. Anorexia Nervosa and Blumia facts
3. Who is at risk for AN and BN?
4. What causes AN and BN?
5. How is AN and BN diagnosed?
6. What are AN and BN symptoms and signs
(psychological and behavioral)?
7. What is the treatment for AN and BN?

WhaT iS anorexia and bulimia?
Anorexia Nervosa:
• Anorexia nervosa is one type of eating disorder. More
importantly, it is also a psychological disorder.
Anorexia is a condition that goes beyond concern
about obesity or out-of-control dieting.
• People with anorexia have a real fear of weighting
gain and a distorted view of their body size and shape.
As a result, they can't maintain a normal body
weight.

WhaT iS anorexia and bulimia?
Bulimia Nervosa:

• Bulimia is similar to anorexia. With bulimia,
someone might binge eat (eat to excess) and
then try to compensate in extreme ways, such as
forced vomiting or excessive exercise, to prevent
weight gain, or using laxatives..
• Although anorexia and bulimia are very
similar, people with anorexia are usually very
thin and underweight but those with bulimia
may be a normal weight or can be overweight.

WhY Would a PerSon binge?
• To fill a void inside
• To hide negative emotions
• To cope with daily stresses and problems
WhY Would a PerSon Purge?
• Because of guilt and depression of having binged.

anorexia and bulimia facTS
• The cause of AN and BN have not been definitively
established, but self-esteem and self-image issues,
societal pressures, and genetic factors likely each play
a role.
• AN and BN affect females far more often than
males and is most common in adolescent females.
• People with AN and BN tend to show compulsive
behaviors, may become obsessed with food.
• About 1000 people are dying every year because of
an eating disorder

Who iS aT riSk for an and bn?
• Approximately 95% of those affected by anorexia are
female, most often teenage girls, but males can
develop the disorder as well. While anorexia typically
begins to manifest itself during early adolescence, it is
also seen in young children and adults.
• Many experts consider people for whom thinness is
especially desirable, or a professional requirement
(such as athletes, models, dancers, and actors), to be
at risk for eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa
and blumia nervosa.

WhaT cauSeS anorexia and
bulimia?

WhaT cauSeS anorexia and bulimia?
• At this time, no definite cause of anorexia nervosa
has been determined. However, research within the
medical and psychological fields continues to explore
possible causes.
• Many people who develop an eating disorder are
between 13 and 17 years old. This is a time of
emotional and physical changes, academic pressures,
and a greater degree of peer pressure.
• Enviromental Reasons: ex. Hollywood ideal girls,
celebrity teens and athletes –Thinspiration as lifestyle

WhaT cauSeS anorexia and
bulimia?
• Studies suggest that a genetic (inherited) component
may play a more significant role to develop these
disorders : eating disorders may run in families.
Although part of this may be genetics, it's also because
we learn our values and behaviors from our families.
• A dysfunction in the part of the brain, the
hypothalamus (which regulates certain metabolic
processes)
• Childhood Abuse: People who suffer from any eating
disorder are more likely to have been the victim of
childhood abuse.

WhaT cauSeS anorexia and bulimia?
• Media /social pressures
• Anxiety and/ or stress
• Low self-esteem and unhappiness
• Controlling by family members
• Family emphasis on physical appearance
• Mother had an eating disorder
• Perfectionism

hoW anorexia and bulimia
dıagnoSed?
• Anorexia and bulimia can be a difficult disorder to
diagnose, since individuals with anorexia or bulimia
often attempt to hide the disorder.
• Denial and secrecy frequently accompany other
symptoms.
• It is unusual for an individual with anorexia to seek
professional help because the individual typically does
not accept that she or he has a problem.
• In many cases, the actual diagnosis is not made
until medical complications have developed

hoW anorexia and bulimia
dıagnoSed?
• The individual is often brought to the attention of a
professional by family members only after
marked weight loss has occurred.
• They often lack insight into their problem despite being
severely malnourished and may be unreliable in terms
of providing accurate information.
• Therefore, it is often necessary to obtain information
from parents, a spouse, or other family members in
order to evaluate the degree of weight loss and extent of
the disorder

hoW anorexia and blumia dıagnoSed
There are 4 basic criteria for the diagnosis of AN and BA:
1. The refusal to maintain body weight at or above a
minimally normal weight for age and height
(maintaining a body weight less than 85% of the
expected weight)
2. An intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat,
even though the person is underweight
3. Self-perception that is grossly distorted, excessive
emphasis on body weight in self-assessment
4. In women who have already begun their menstrual
cycle, at least three consecutive periods are missed

Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

WhaT are an and bn SYmTomPS and
SİgnS(PSYchological and
behaVioral)?
• Someone with anorexia might:
• become very thin, frail, or emaciated
• be obsessed with eating, food, and weight control
• weigh herself or himself repeatedly
• deliberately "water load" when going to see a health
professional to get weighed
• count or portion food carefully
• only eat certain foods, avoiding foods like dairy, meat,
wheat, etc.
• exercise excessively

behaVioral)?
• Someone with anorexia might:
• feel fat
• withdraw from social activities, especially meals and
celebrations involving food
• be depressed, lethargic (lacking in energy), and feel cold a
lot
• Denial of hunger
• Not eating in front of others
• Skips meals by making up excuses

behaVioral)?
• Someone with bulimia might:
• fear weight gain
• be intensely unhappy with body size, shape, and
weight
• make excuses to go to the bathroom immediately after
meals
• only eat diet or low-fat foods (except during binges)
• regularly buy laxatives, diuretics, or enemas
• spend most of his or her time working out or trying to
work off calories

WhaT iS The ThreaTmenT for
an and bn?

WhaT iS The ThreaTmenT for an and
bn?
• Treatment options depend on each person and their
families, but many treatments incorporate journaling,
talking to therapists, and working with dietitians and
other professionals.
• It is common to engage a multidisciplinary treatment
team consisting of a medical-care provider, a dietician or
nutritionist, and a mental-health-care provider.
• Weight gain can be achieved using schedules for eating,
decreased physical activity, and increased social activity
• Hospital treatment must initially focus on correction of
malnutrition

WhaT iS The ThreaTmenT for an & bn?
• Therapy or counseling is a very important part of getting better —
in many cases, family therapy is one of the keys to eating
healthily again.
• Different kinds of psychological therapy have been employed to
treat people with an&bn. Individual therapy, cognitive behavior
therapy, group therapy, and family therapy etc.
• No medications have been identified that can treat.
• Medications -as mood stabilizers and to treat schizophrenia that
may be useful in treating anorexia. These medications may also
help increase weight and to manage some of the emotional
symptoms like anxiety and depression that can accompany
anorexia.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_ax0h9FNag

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