The bison was nearly hunted to extinction by European settlers but conservation efforts have helped the population recover. Originally numbering over 60 million in North America in 1800, bison were reduced to under 1,000 by 1899 but the population is now over 500,000. While no longer endangered, the genetic integrity of the bison has been compromised through inbreeding and cross-breeding with cattle. Conservation groups are working to maintain the genetic purity of the original bison and support farmers raising grass-fed bison according to traditional practices.
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3. Came to North America 10,000 years ago Adapted to warming climate and flourished amongst the plains Provided food, shelter, tools and fuel to the aboriginals Hunted to near extinction by European settlers History
4. By the Numbers Former numbers estimated at 60 million in 1800 Numbers reduced to less than 1000 by 1899 Now over 500,000 across North America Over 250,000 in Canada
5. Extinction Averted Complete loss prevented by ranchers Conservationists in Canada and the United States Population gradually stabilized 1980s farmers began selling to outside markets 1990s farmers and ranchers discovered that the public had an appetite for bison Population increased significantly
6. The Ark No longer endangered Original animal and taste profile is hard to find Genetic integrity has been compromised Inbreeding has led to leg problems Some bred with cattle to produce a Cattalo
7. Restoration Maintain the genetic purity of the animal Grass fed and grass finished with access to native grasses Traceability ie: short production line
8. Key Figures Mary Jernigan (Canadian Ark Coordinater) Jerry and Sam Kitt, Goodfare, Alberta First Nature Farms The farmers! Blanbrook Bison Farm Bruce and Shirley Mills