Art Principles of Design
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The document discusses key art principles of design including proportion, balance, rhythm, emphasis, and harmony. Proportion refers to the relationship between parts of an artwork. Balance can be formal/symmetrical, informal/asymmetrical, or radial. Rhythm in art can be achieved through repetition, progression of size, continuous line movement, radiation, or gradation. Emphasis highlights important elements, while harmony creates a pleasing unity through line, shape, size, texture, or ideas. These principles are fundamental to organizing visual elements in art and design works.
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Elements of Art:
These are the basic visual components that artists use to create their artwork.
Line: A mark made by a moving point, can be straight, curved, thick, thin, continuous, or broken. It defines shapes, creates direction, and suggests movement.
Shape: A two-dimensional area enclosed by a line, can be geometric (circles, squares) or organic (free-flowing, irregular). It provides form and structure to artwork.
Form: A three-dimensional shape, can be created through various techniques like sculpture, modeling, or drawing with perspective. It adds depth and volume to artwork.
Space: The area around and within objects in an artwork, can be positive (occupied by objects) or negative (empty areas). It helps create depth, perspective, and balance.
Color: The visual effect caused by different wavelengths of light, can be primary (red, yellow, blue), secondary (green, orange, purple), tertiary (mixing primary and secondary colors), or neutral (black, white, gray). It evokes emotions, creates contrast, and unifies composition.
Value: The lightness or darkness of a color, can be represented through shades (darker values) and tints (lighter values). It creates contrast, depth, and atmosphere.
Texture: The surface quality of an object, can be real (felt, wood) or implied (painted to look like a specific texture). It adds realism, depth, and interest to artwork.
Principles of Art:
These are the guidelines that artists use to organize the elements of art and create a harmonious and impactful composition.
Balance: The distribution of visual weight in an artwork, can be symmetrical (mirrored), asymmetrical (uneven but balanced), or radial (elements radiating from a central point). It creates stability and visual harmony.
Emphasis: Drawing attention to a specific area or element in the artwork, achieved through contrast, size, color, or placement. It creates focal points and guides the viewer's eye.
Contrast: The difference between elements in an artwork, can occur in color, value, texture, or shape. It creates visual interest, defines edges, and emphasizes key areas.
Unity: The sense of wholeness and harmony in an artwork, achieved through repetition, rhythm, and consistency in elements. It creates a cohesive and unified composition.
Variety: The use of different elements and principles to avoid monotony and create visual interest, achieved through contrasting elements and breaking patterns. It adds complexity and keeps the viewer engaged.
Rhythm: The repetition of elements or patterns in an artwork, creating a sense of movement and flow. It can be regular or irregular, creating visual interest and guiding the viewer's eye.
Movement: The way the viewer's eye is guided through the artwork, achieved through lines, shapes, and color. Organization_in_the_Visual_Arts.pptx
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- 1. Art Principles of Design It refers to the organization of a work of art. Ms. R. AMUDHA Assistant Professor, Department of Home Science Interior Design & D辿cor, Sri Kanyaka Parameswari Arts & Science College, Chennai -01.
- 2. Proportion It means one part in relation to another. Definition: it is defined as the relation between parts of the same thing or between different things of same kind. Law of relationship: deals with relationship in size, shape, color, texture and pattern.
- 3. Golden mean/ Golden oblong/Golden rectangle/Greek oblong The oblong which is used as a basis of their space divisions is called as golden oblong and is recognised as standard for space relationship. It is measured approximately two units on short side and three units on long side. 2 3 7 11 5
- 7. Balance It is the state of rest or repose. Types of balance: Formal/Symmetrical balance Informal/Asymmetrical balance Radial
- 8. Formal/Symmetrical balance Objects are alike and place in equal space from center.
- 9. Informal/Asymmetrical balance Distribution of weight is made by grouping of objects and do not attract same amount of attention.
- 10. Radial balance arrangement of elements about a central point.
- 11. Rhythm a feeling of easy eye movement Something that is spontaneous, energetic or primitive. Rhythm movement can be achieved through Repetition Progression of size Continuous line movement Radiation Gradation
- 12. Repetition: a shape is regularly repeated at proper intervals.
- 13. Progression of size: arranging smaller to large objects gives variation and avoids monotony.
- 14. Continuous line movement: brings beauty in sequence of line movement
- 15. Radiation: organised movement that grows out of a central point
- 16. Gradation: obtain through color variation or size.
- 17. Emphasis: to give importance or highlight to particular object
- 18. Harmony: pleasing effect, impression of unity.
- 19. Harmony of line: through repetition, contradiction, transitional.
- 20. Harmony of shape: grouping objects of same shape
- 21. Harmony of size: objects should be combined proportionately.
- 22. Harmony of texture: rough or smooth
- 23. Harmony of ideas: achieved through presenting ideas
- 24. Art Principles of design Proportion Balance Rhythm Emphasis Harmony
- 38. Reference Premalatha. M.R., Andal. A & Parimalam. P, (2008), A text book of Interior Decoration, satish serial publishing house, ISBN 10: 818930450X / ISBN 13: 9788189304508