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Garry Pratt

This document summarizes Garry Pratt's research using a "Speed Under Sail" model to test proposed maritime networks in the Aegean Bronze Age. The model calculates sailing speeds and travel times between sites like Knossos, Akrotiri, Rhodes, and Aegina under varying wind and current conditions. Preliminary conclusions suggest Akrotiri was not a gateway to the Cyclades for Minoans and their natural route was eastward via Rhodes. Future work includes completing the analysis, comparing models to archaeological evidence, and applying the model more broadly.

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Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks ASA 2015 -Edinburgh Garry Pratt University of Bristol
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Knossos Akrotiri Aegina
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol ARIADNE Network maps (Knappett 2013) showing patterns based on population,, rank or busyness, between-ness and the final, preferred, combined version, Ariadne.
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol A section of Broodbanks (2000) table of Aegean Bronze Age sea craft capabilities.
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Speed used in Speed Under Sail model
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol The Meltemi Prevailing summer winds in the Aegean
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Major upper layer circulation of the Aegean Sea Prevailing summer winds in the Aegean
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Speed Under Sail Data Start site Finish site Actual distance (km) Wind directio n Current directio n Tackin g adjust ment basic speed (kph) adjusted distance (km) adjusted speed (kph) travel time (hrs) Summer days per stage Nights away potential ports enroute Nights at sea Knossos Akrotiri 128 a f i 4.63 128 3.70 34.59 2.7 2 0 2 Knossos Kastri 228 b e h 7.40 274 9.25 29.58 2.3 2 3 0 Knossos Rhodes 315 d e i 9.25 315 11.10 28.38 2.2 2 6 0 Knossos Phylakopi 185 b f h 7.40 222 6.48 34.29 2.6 2 0 2 Kastri Aegina 187 a f i 4.63 187 3.70 50.54 3.9 3 5 0 Rhodes Akrotiri 245 a e h 7.40 294 9.25 31.78 2.4 2 4 0 Kastri Phylakopi 147 c e h 5.55 176 7.40 23.84 1.8 1 0 1 Aegina Akrotiri 253 d g i 9.25 253 9.25 27.35 2.1 2 6 0 Aegina Kastri 187 d e i 9.25 187 11.10 16.85 1.3 1 5 0 Kastri Knossos 228 d g i 9.25 228 9.25 24.65 1.9 1 3 0 Akrotiri Knossos 128 d e i 9.25 128 11.10 11.53 0.9 0 0 0 Phylakopi Knossos 185 d e i 9.25 185 11.10 16.67 1.3 1 0 1 Phylakopi Akrotiri 91 d e i 9.25 91 11.10 8.20 0.6 0 2 0 Phylakopi Kastri 147 d g i 9.25 147 9.25 15.89 1.2 1 0 1 Rhodes Knossos 315 c f h 5.55 378 4.63 81.73 6.3 6 6 0 Akrotiri Rhodes 245 d f i 9.25 245 8.33 29.43 2.3 2 4 0 Akrotiri Aegina 253 b g h 7.40 304 7.40 41.03 3.2 3 6 0 Akrotiri Phylakopi 91 c f h 5.55 109 4.63 23.61 1.8 1 2 0
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol TEST 1: Knossos to Akrotiri
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol TEST 2 Knossos to Aegina
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Route Map: Knossos Centric
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Route Map: Akrotiri Centric
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Work in Progress: A maritime risk view from Akrotiri
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Work in Progress: A maritime risk view from Knossos
Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Outline conclusions 1. Akrotiri was probably not a gateway to the Cyclades for Minoans, but more likely a central point of return from the wider Aegean 2. The natural route for Minoan trading ships was to the East via Rhodes 3. The destruction of Santorini might not have had a material effect on the stability of maritime networks in the Southern Aegean Next steps 1. Complete the data and analysis for this select data set 2. Complete the maritime risk mapping for the select data set Future possibilities 1. Apply the model to the entire Aegean data set 2. Compare the outcomes and models with archaeological data 3. Test the model over different and wider area e.g. the Indian Ocean THANKS Professor Alex Bentley, Bristol Dr Tamar Hodos, Bristol

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  • 1. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks ASA 2015 -Edinburgh Garry Pratt University of Bristol
  • 2. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol
  • 3. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Knossos Akrotiri Aegina
  • 4. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol ARIADNE Network maps (Knappett 2013) showing patterns based on population,, rank or busyness, between-ness and the final, preferred, combined version, Ariadne.
  • 5. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol
  • 6. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol A section of Broodbanks (2000) table of Aegean Bronze Age sea craft capabilities.
  • 7. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Speed used in Speed Under Sail model
  • 8. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol The Meltemi Prevailing summer winds in the Aegean
  • 9. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Major upper layer circulation of the Aegean Sea Prevailing summer winds in the Aegean
  • 10. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol
  • 11. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Speed Under Sail Data Start site Finish site Actual distance (km) Wind directio n Current directio n Tackin g adjust ment basic speed (kph) adjusted distance (km) adjusted speed (kph) travel time (hrs) Summer days per stage Nights away potential ports enroute Nights at sea Knossos Akrotiri 128 a f i 4.63 128 3.70 34.59 2.7 2 0 2 Knossos Kastri 228 b e h 7.40 274 9.25 29.58 2.3 2 3 0 Knossos Rhodes 315 d e i 9.25 315 11.10 28.38 2.2 2 6 0 Knossos Phylakopi 185 b f h 7.40 222 6.48 34.29 2.6 2 0 2 Kastri Aegina 187 a f i 4.63 187 3.70 50.54 3.9 3 5 0 Rhodes Akrotiri 245 a e h 7.40 294 9.25 31.78 2.4 2 4 0 Kastri Phylakopi 147 c e h 5.55 176 7.40 23.84 1.8 1 0 1 Aegina Akrotiri 253 d g i 9.25 253 9.25 27.35 2.1 2 6 0 Aegina Kastri 187 d e i 9.25 187 11.10 16.85 1.3 1 5 0 Kastri Knossos 228 d g i 9.25 228 9.25 24.65 1.9 1 3 0 Akrotiri Knossos 128 d e i 9.25 128 11.10 11.53 0.9 0 0 0 Phylakopi Knossos 185 d e i 9.25 185 11.10 16.67 1.3 1 0 1 Phylakopi Akrotiri 91 d e i 9.25 91 11.10 8.20 0.6 0 2 0 Phylakopi Kastri 147 d g i 9.25 147 9.25 15.89 1.2 1 0 1 Rhodes Knossos 315 c f h 5.55 378 4.63 81.73 6.3 6 6 0 Akrotiri Rhodes 245 d f i 9.25 245 8.33 29.43 2.3 2 4 0 Akrotiri Aegina 253 b g h 7.40 304 7.40 41.03 3.2 3 6 0 Akrotiri Phylakopi 91 c f h 5.55 109 4.63 23.61 1.8 1 2 0
  • 12. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol TEST 1: Knossos to Akrotiri
  • 13. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol TEST 2 Knossos to Aegina
  • 14. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Route Map: Knossos Centric
  • 15. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Route Map: Akrotiri Centric
  • 16. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Work in Progress: A maritime risk view from Akrotiri
  • 17. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Work in Progress: A maritime risk view from Knossos
  • 18. Speed under Sail in the Aegean Bronze Age Testing Proposed Maritime Networks Garry Pratt University of Bristol Outline conclusions 1. Akrotiri was probably not a gateway to the Cyclades for Minoans, but more likely a central point of return from the wider Aegean 2. The natural route for Minoan trading ships was to the East via Rhodes 3. The destruction of Santorini might not have had a material effect on the stability of maritime networks in the Southern Aegean Next steps 1. Complete the data and analysis for this select data set 2. Complete the maritime risk mapping for the select data set Future possibilities 1. Apply the model to the entire Aegean data set 2. Compare the outcomes and models with archaeological data 3. Test the model over different and wider area e.g. the Indian Ocean THANKS Professor Alex Bentley, Bristol Dr Tamar Hodos, Bristol