Augmented Reality (AR): Intro and History
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This document provides an overview of augmented reality including its taxonomy, history, and key differences from related concepts. It defines augmented reality as combining real and virtual content interactively and in real-time by registering it in 3D. The document outlines Milgram's mixed reality continuum, distinguishes AR from virtual reality and ubiquitous computing, and categorizes AR taxonomies including augmentation, simulation, intimate, and lifelogging/mirror worlds. It then reviews the lengthy history of AR from early developments in the 1960s to recent commercial usages and addresses potential ethical/privacy issues.
![Introduction
Create the illusion that virtual
images are seamlessly blended with
the real world
3 requirements of AR [defined by
Azuma, 1997]:
1) Combines real and virtual content
2) Is interactive in real time
3) Is registered in 3D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RDIJfoBhFU](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/arintrossmumu9sep2018-180912022731/85/Augmented-Reality-AR-Intro-and-History-2-320.jpg)
![Milgrams Mixed Reality continuum
AR vs VR? [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality]
augmented reality alters ones ongoing perception of a
real world environment, whereas virtual reality
completely replaces the user's real world environment
with a simulated one.
AR vs Ubiquitous?
Ubiquitous Computing is made to appear anytime and
everywhere as if it were invisible
AR vs AV? [https://simplicable.com/new/augmented-reality-vs-augmented-virtuality]
If the interaction happens in the real world, it is
augmented reality. If the interaction occurs in a virtual
space, it is considered augmented virtuality.
Taxonomy](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/arintrossmumu9sep2018-180912022731/85/Augmented-Reality-AR-Intro-and-History-3-320.jpg)
![Metaverse Taxonomy:
Augmentation: Adds new capabilities to real
systems
Simulation: Technologies that model reality
Intimate:
(a) Inward focus: on the identity and actions
of the individual
(b) Outward focus: towards the world at large.
Lifelogging [Achilleous, 2003]:
Used by a person to capture everyday experience
Example: SenseCam [Hodges et al., 2006]
Mirror Worlds [Gelernter, 1991]:
Tries to create a simulation of the real world
Example: Googles Streetview](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/arintrossmumu9sep2018-180912022731/85/Augmented-Reality-AR-Intro-and-History-4-320.jpg)
![Gov/Lab-based work
Sketchpad Sutherland, 1963
SuperCockpit Furness, 1969
VIVED, VIEW Fisher, 1987
Mobile AR
KARMA Feiner, 1993 [1]
Collaboration/Medical Science
Face-to-face Collab - Rekimoto , 1996
Medical AR system - Fuchs, 1996
Wearables
Day-to-day life - Starner, 1997
GPS tracking Feiner, 1997
Gaming Thomas, 2002](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/arintrossmumu9sep2018-180912022731/85/Augmented-Reality-AR-Intro-and-History-6-320.jpg)
Augmented Reality (AR): Intro and History
- 1. A Survey of Augmented Reality : Intro, Taxonomy, History Samiha Samrose PhD Student, University of Rochester ssamrose@cs.rochester.edu CSC 574/294: Future User Interfaces * * http://zhenbai.io/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/3_A_Survey_of_Augmented_Reality.pdf
- 2. Introduction Create the illusion that virtual images are seamlessly blended with the real world 3 requirements of AR [defined by Azuma, 1997]: 1) Combines real and virtual content 2) Is interactive in real time 3) Is registered in 3D https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RDIJfoBhFU
- 3. Milgrams Mixed Reality continuum AR vs VR? [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality] augmented reality alters ones ongoing perception of a real world environment, whereas virtual reality completely replaces the user's real world environment with a simulated one. AR vs Ubiquitous? Ubiquitous Computing is made to appear anytime and everywhere as if it were invisible AR vs AV? [https://simplicable.com/new/augmented-reality-vs-augmented-virtuality] If the interaction happens in the real world, it is augmented reality. If the interaction occurs in a virtual space, it is considered augmented virtuality. Taxonomy
- 4. Metaverse Taxonomy: Augmentation: Adds new capabilities to real systems Simulation: Technologies that model reality Intimate: (a) Inward focus: on the identity and actions of the individual (b) Outward focus: towards the world at large. Lifelogging [Achilleous, 2003]: Used by a person to capture everyday experience Example: SenseCam [Hodges et al., 2006] Mirror Worlds [Gelernter, 1991]: Tries to create a simulation of the real world Example: Googles Streetview
- 6. Gov/Lab-based work Sketchpad Sutherland, 1963 SuperCockpit Furness, 1969 VIVED, VIEW Fisher, 1987 Mobile AR KARMA Feiner, 1993 [1] Collaboration/Medical Science Face-to-face Collab - Rekimoto , 1996 Medical AR system - Fuchs, 1996 Wearables Day-to-day life - Starner, 1997 GPS tracking Feiner, 1997 Gaming Thomas, 2002
- 7. Advanced tracking CyberCode Rekimoto, 2000 ARToolkit Kato, 2000 Handheld devices Cam-based AR Wagner, 2003 Mobile AR Mohring, 2004 UX/Gaming ARCO - Wojceichowski, 2004 Eye of Jusgement 2007 Commercial Usages Flash based: FLARToolKit, 2008+ Smartphone based: Wikitude, 2007+ Advertisement: Zoocampaign, 2007+ Ethical or privacy standpoint?