際際滷

際際滷Share a Scribd company logo

Autism

Download as PPTX, PDF
Pcyh Angel
Pcyh Angel

This document discusses signs and symptoms of autism. It begins by stating that autism is a spectrum of disorders characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication that appear in early childhood. It then lists several key signs, including social difficulties preferring solitary play, speech and language issues, problems with nonverbal cues, and rigid behaviors and narrow interests. The document provides examples for each of these areas. It concludes by noting the importance of determining if children with autism have developed strategies to repair communication breakdowns.

1 of 9
P R E P A R E D B Y : A N G E L I C A A L V A R E Z AUTISM
Autism is a spectrum of closely related disorders with a shared core of symptoms. Autism spectrum disorders appear in infancy and early childhood, causing delays in many basic areas of development such as learning to talk, play, and interact with others. AUTISM
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Social Difficulties In Autism Speech And Language Difficulties In Autism Nonverbal Communication Difficulties In Autism Inflexibility In Autism
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS SOCIAL DIFFICULTIES IN AUTISM Basic social interaction can be difficult for children with autism spectrum disorders. Many kids on the autism spectrum seem to prefer to live in their own world, aloof and detached from others. Appears disinterested or unaware of other people or whats going on around them. Doesnt know how to connect with others, play, or make friends. Prefers not to be touched, held, or cuddled. Doesnt play "pretend" games, engage in group games, imitate others, or use toys in creative ways. Has trouble understanding or talking about feelings. Doesnt seem to hear when others talk to him or her. Doesn't share interests or achievements with others (drawings, toys).
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DIFFICULTIES IN AUTISM Speaks in an abnormal tone of voice, or with an odd rhythm or pitch (e.g. ends every sentence as if asking a question). Repeats the same words or phrases over and over. Responds to a question by repeating it, rather than answering it. Refers to themselves in the third person. Uses language incorrectly (grammatical errors, wrong words). Has difficulty communicating needs or desires. Doesnt understand simple directions, statements, or questions. Takes what is said too literally (misses undertones of humor, irony, and sarcasm).
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES IN AUTISM Children with autism spectrum disorders have trouble picking up on subtle nonverbal cues and using body language. This makes the "give-and-take" of social interaction very difficult. Avoids eye contact. Uses facial expressions that don't match what he or she is saying. Doesnt pick up on other peoples facial expressions, tone of voice, and gestures. Makes very few gestures (such as pointing). May come across as cold or robot-like. Reacts unusually to sights, smells, textures, and sounds. May be especially sensitive to loud noises. Abnormal posture, clumsiness, or eccentric ways of moving (e.g. walking exclusively on tiptoe).
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS INFLEXIBILITY IN AUTISM Children with autism spectrum disorders are often restricted, inflexible, and even obsessive in their behaviors, activities, and interests. Follows a rigid routine (e.g. insists on taking a specific route to school). Has difficulty adapting to any changes in schedule or environment (e.g. throws a tantrum if the furniture is rearranged or bedtime is at a different time than usual). Unusual attachments to toys or strange objects such as keys, light switches, or rubber bands. Obsessively lines things up or arranges them in a certain order. Preoccupation with a narrow topic of interest, often involving numbers or symbols (e.g. memorizing and reciting facts about maps, train schedules, or sports statistics). Spends long periods of time arranging toys in specific ways, watching moving objects such as a ceiling fan, or focusing on one specific part of an object such as the wheels of a toy car. Repeats the same actions or movements over and over again, such as flapping hands, rocking, or twirling (known as self-stimulatory behavior, or stimming). Some researchers and clinicians believe that these behaviors may soothe children with autism more than stimulate them.
STRATEGIES TO LEARN
Due to their significant difficulties in successfully communicating, children with autism may experience frequent occurrences of communication breakdowns as both speakers (expressively communicating) and listeners (when asked to respond). Therefore it is important to determine if the child has developed, or is able to use, any communication repair strategies for both receiving and expressing communicative messages. STRATEGIES TO LEARN

More Related Content

Autism

  • 1. P R E P A R E D B Y : A N G E L I C A A L V A R E Z AUTISM
  • 2. Autism is a spectrum of closely related disorders with a shared core of symptoms. Autism spectrum disorders appear in infancy and early childhood, causing delays in many basic areas of development such as learning to talk, play, and interact with others. AUTISM
  • 3. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Social Difficulties In Autism Speech And Language Difficulties In Autism Nonverbal Communication Difficulties In Autism Inflexibility In Autism
  • 4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS SOCIAL DIFFICULTIES IN AUTISM Basic social interaction can be difficult for children with autism spectrum disorders. Many kids on the autism spectrum seem to prefer to live in their own world, aloof and detached from others. Appears disinterested or unaware of other people or whats going on around them. Doesnt know how to connect with others, play, or make friends. Prefers not to be touched, held, or cuddled. Doesnt play "pretend" games, engage in group games, imitate others, or use toys in creative ways. Has trouble understanding or talking about feelings. Doesnt seem to hear when others talk to him or her. Doesn't share interests or achievements with others (drawings, toys).
  • 5. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DIFFICULTIES IN AUTISM Speaks in an abnormal tone of voice, or with an odd rhythm or pitch (e.g. ends every sentence as if asking a question). Repeats the same words or phrases over and over. Responds to a question by repeating it, rather than answering it. Refers to themselves in the third person. Uses language incorrectly (grammatical errors, wrong words). Has difficulty communicating needs or desires. Doesnt understand simple directions, statements, or questions. Takes what is said too literally (misses undertones of humor, irony, and sarcasm).
  • 6. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES IN AUTISM Children with autism spectrum disorders have trouble picking up on subtle nonverbal cues and using body language. This makes the "give-and-take" of social interaction very difficult. Avoids eye contact. Uses facial expressions that don't match what he or she is saying. Doesnt pick up on other peoples facial expressions, tone of voice, and gestures. Makes very few gestures (such as pointing). May come across as cold or robot-like. Reacts unusually to sights, smells, textures, and sounds. May be especially sensitive to loud noises. Abnormal posture, clumsiness, or eccentric ways of moving (e.g. walking exclusively on tiptoe).
  • 7. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS INFLEXIBILITY IN AUTISM Children with autism spectrum disorders are often restricted, inflexible, and even obsessive in their behaviors, activities, and interests. Follows a rigid routine (e.g. insists on taking a specific route to school). Has difficulty adapting to any changes in schedule or environment (e.g. throws a tantrum if the furniture is rearranged or bedtime is at a different time than usual). Unusual attachments to toys or strange objects such as keys, light switches, or rubber bands. Obsessively lines things up or arranges them in a certain order. Preoccupation with a narrow topic of interest, often involving numbers or symbols (e.g. memorizing and reciting facts about maps, train schedules, or sports statistics). Spends long periods of time arranging toys in specific ways, watching moving objects such as a ceiling fan, or focusing on one specific part of an object such as the wheels of a toy car. Repeats the same actions or movements over and over again, such as flapping hands, rocking, or twirling (known as self-stimulatory behavior, or stimming). Some researchers and clinicians believe that these behaviors may soothe children with autism more than stimulate them.
  • 9. Due to their significant difficulties in successfully communicating, children with autism may experience frequent occurrences of communication breakdowns as both speakers (expressively communicating) and listeners (when asked to respond). Therefore it is important to determine if the child has developed, or is able to use, any communication repair strategies for both receiving and expressing communicative messages. STRATEGIES TO LEARN