ºÝºÝߣ

ºÝºÝߣShare a Scribd company logo

Awake Craniotomy

•Download as PPTX, PDF•
•
CNS Neurosurgery
CNS Neurosurgery

Awake Craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique used to remove a brain tumor while the patient remains awake to avoid brain damage. In this process of surgery the neurosurgeon performs cortical mapping to locate vital areas, referred to as 'eloquent brain' which should not be disturbed while removing the tumor.

1 of 10
Downloaded 58 times
AWAKE CRANIOTOMY SURGERY
WHAT IS AWAKE CRANIOTOMY? As the name suggests, Awake Craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique used to remove a brain tumor while the patient remains awake to avoid brain damage. In this process of surgery the neurosurgeon performs cortical mapping to locate vital areas, referred to as 'eloquent brain' which should not be disturbed while removing the tumor. This process of craniotomy is a preferred technique to operate and remove lesions involving eloquent or functionally important parts of the brain.
IMAGE: AWAKE CRANIOTOMY
This procedure allows the surgeons to test regions of the brain before they are incised or removed. It also allows to test the functions of the patient throughout the process of operation. The overall motive behind such surgery is to minimize the risks involved with such operations.
HOW IT IS PERFORMED In Awake Craniotomy the patient is taken to the anesthetic room where they will have a drip inserted with some drugs making them feel comfortable and relaxed. Then in the operation theatre, neuronavigation system is used to mark out the incision. A very small amount of hair is shaved across the line of the incision and then cleaned with antiseptic solutions. After this local anaesthetic is inserted around the incision. In the beginning, it stings for a few seconds and then go numb.
The surgeons then place some drapes around the wound while you will be able to see the anesthetic team, you will be able to move your arms and legs without any obstacle during the operation. While the operation process continues, for a brief period of time you will hear some noises and the drilling sound. After mapping out the eloquent regions of the brain to avoid and save, the doctors remove the tumors. In this process, doctors constantly keep testing the patient's function and in case anything happens, they can stop it immediately.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT AWAKE CRANIOTOMY  When a tumor is near critical speech areas of the brain, it may be important to determine the exact location of these speech-related areas.  Although functional MRI (fMRI) can show the various areas of activation during speech functions, it does not pinpoint the most important areas. These critical areas must be located using special speech mapping techniques while the patient is awake in the operating room.  Awake speech mapping involves applying mild electrical current to the surface of the exposed brain while the patient performs various tasks, such as reading. If the stimulation hinders the task, then that area of the brain is marked and preserved.
KEY POINT – HOW IT WORKS  UCLA has pioneered the technique of sleep-awake-sleep craniotomy.  The operation is begun while the patient is deeply asleep under general anesthesia (on a breathing machine). This is for the comfort of the patient and is safer.  When the brain is exposed and the neurosurgeon is ready to begin mapping the speech areas, UCLA neuroanesthesiologists carefully lighten the sedation, and then remove the breathing tube and allow the patient to talk and interact with the neuropsychologist.
ï‚— Typically, the patients feel minimal or no discomfort while awake ï‚— Once the speech mapping is complete, often the tumor is removed while the speech testing continues. The procedure lessens the risk of undercutting the white matter fibers connecting speech areas. ï‚— When appropriate, the anesthesiologist skillfully places the patient back under general (deep) anesthesia, allowing the neurosurgeon to complete the operation safely with no discomfort to the patient.
For More Detail & Consultation Please Visit www.cnsneurosurgery.com.au

More Related Content

Awake Craniotomy

  • 2. WHAT IS AWAKE CRANIOTOMY? As the name suggests, Awake Craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique used to remove a brain tumor while the patient remains awake to avoid brain damage. In this process of surgery the neurosurgeon performs cortical mapping to locate vital areas, referred to as 'eloquent brain' which should not be disturbed while removing the tumor. This process of craniotomy is a preferred technique to operate and remove lesions involving eloquent or functionally important parts of the brain.
  • 4. This procedure allows the surgeons to test regions of the brain before they are incised or removed. It also allows to test the functions of the patient throughout the process of operation. The overall motive behind such surgery is to minimize the risks involved with such operations.
  • 5. HOW IT IS PERFORMED In Awake Craniotomy the patient is taken to the anesthetic room where they will have a drip inserted with some drugs making them feel comfortable and relaxed. Then in the operation theatre, neuronavigation system is used to mark out the incision. A very small amount of hair is shaved across the line of the incision and then cleaned with antiseptic solutions. After this local anaesthetic is inserted around the incision. In the beginning, it stings for a few seconds and then go numb.
  • 6. The surgeons then place some drapes around the wound while you will be able to see the anesthetic team, you will be able to move your arms and legs without any obstacle during the operation. While the operation process continues, for a brief period of time you will hear some noises and the drilling sound. After mapping out the eloquent regions of the brain to avoid and save, the doctors remove the tumors. In this process, doctors constantly keep testing the patient's function and in case anything happens, they can stop it immediately.
  • 7. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT AWAKE CRANIOTOMY  When a tumor is near critical speech areas of the brain, it may be important to determine the exact location of these speech-related areas.  Although functional MRI (fMRI) can show the various areas of activation during speech functions, it does not pinpoint the most important areas. These critical areas must be located using special speech mapping techniques while the patient is awake in the operating room.  Awake speech mapping involves applying mild electrical current to the surface of the exposed brain while the patient performs various tasks, such as reading. If the stimulation hinders the task, then that area of the brain is marked and preserved.
  • 8. KEY POINT – HOW IT WORKS ï‚— UCLA has pioneered the technique of sleep-awake-sleep craniotomy. ï‚— The operation is begun while the patient is deeply asleep under general anesthesia (on a breathing machine). This is for the comfort of the patient and is safer. ï‚— When the brain is exposed and the neurosurgeon is ready to begin mapping the speech areas, UCLA neuroanesthesiologists carefully lighten the sedation, and then remove the breathing tube and allow the patient to talk and interact with the neuropsychologist.
  • 9. ï‚— Typically, the patients feel minimal or no discomfort while awake ï‚— Once the speech mapping is complete, often the tumor is removed while the speech testing continues. The procedure lessens the risk of undercutting the white matter fibers connecting speech areas. ï‚— When appropriate, the anesthesiologist skillfully places the patient back under general (deep) anesthesia, allowing the neurosurgeon to complete the operation safely with no discomfort to the patient.
  • 10. For More Detail & Consultation Please Visit www.cnsneurosurgery.com.au