Bab 10 bentuk_muka_bumi_dan_saliran_di_asia_tenggara
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Asia Tenggara terdiri daripada 11 negara dengan bentuk muka bumi yang berbeza, termasuk tanah besar dan kepulauan. Kawasan ini memiliki banyak sungai utama seperti Sungai Mekong dan Sungai Irrawaddy, yang penting untuk pertanian dan kehidupan masyarakat. Juga, terdapat tasik terbesar di Asia Tenggara, Tonle Sap, yang menyokong aktiviti perikanan dan pelancongan.
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Bab 10 bentuk_muka_bumi_dan_saliran_di_asia_tenggara
- 1. BAB 10:BENTUK MUKA BUMI DAN SALIRAN DI ASIA TENGGARA 10.1 Negara negara di Asia Tenggara Asia Tenggara terletak di bahagian tenggara Benua Asia.Kedudukannya antara lalitud 11属S hingga 28属T hingga 135属T.Terdapat 11 buah negara di Asia Tenggara.Kawasan Asia Tenggara meluas 4 506 600 km persegi. Malaysia Myanmar Kemboja Vietnam Laos Thailand Brunei Darussalam Singapura Timor Leste Indonesia Filipina Asia Tenggara terbahagi kepada dan Negara yang terletak di Tanah Besar Asia Tenggara di Malaysia (Semenanjung Malaysia),Myanmar,Thailand,Kemboja,Laos dan Vi辿tnam Negara yang terletak di Kepulauan Asia Tenggara ialah Malaysia(Sabah dan Sarawak),Singapura,Brunei Darussalam,Indonesia,Timor Leste dan Filipina Tanah Besar Asia Tenggara Kepulauan Asia tenggara 10.2 Bentuk muka bumi di Asia Tenggara Semua negara di Asia Tenggara mempunyai pinggir laut kecuali Laos Laut yang terdapat di Asia Tenggara adalah seperti Laut Andaman,Laut China Selatan,Laut Jawa,Laut Sulawesi dan Laut Sulu Pinggir laut di Asia Tenggara cetek dan dikenali sebagai pentas benua Pinggir Laut Tanah pamah banyak terdapat di delta dan lembah sungai Kawasan yang subur dan sesuai untuk kegiatan pertanian Kawasan ini berpenduduk padat kerana petempatan dan jaringan perhubungan mudah dibina -Contohnya,Delta Sungai Mekong (Vi辿tnam),Delta Sungai Irrawaddy (Myanmar) Tanah Pamah Tanah tinggi Asia Tenggara terdiri daripada banjaran dan banjaran Banjaran tinggi berpunca dari Banjaran Himalaya di utara dan menganjur ke Asia Tenggara bermula di Banjaran Arakan Yoma (Myanmar) Tanah Tinggi gunung lipat muda gunung lipat tua Kebanyakkan gunung berapi terdapat di Indonesia dan Filipina Gunung Merapi,Gunung Kerinci,Gunung Krakatau merupakan gunung berapi yang masih berapi di Indonesia Gunung Mayon dan Gunung Pinatubo merupakan gunung berapi yang aktif di Filipina Gunung Berapi :Gunung yang terbentuk akibat proses mampatan kerak bumi 35 juta tahun Gunung Lipat Muda :Gunung yang terbentuk akibat proses mampatan kerak bumi 200 juta tahun Gunung Lipat Tua 10.3 Sungai dan Tasik utama di Asia Tenggara Sungai terpanjang di Asia Tenggara (4 880 km) Sungai berpunca dari Dataran Tibet di utara,mengalir melalui Yunan(China),Myanmar,Thailand,Laos,Kemboja dan berakhir di Vi辿tnam Lebih 90 juta penduduk bergantung hidup pada Sungai ini Kawasan lembah sungai subur sesuai untuk kegiatan pertanian Lebih 140 000 km persegi padi sawah ditanam di lembangan Sungai Sungai Mekong Sungai terpenting dan terpanjang di Myanmar(2 293 km) Sungai mengalir dari utara hingga selatan dan berakhir di Laut Andaman Sungai merupakan jalan perhubungan dan pengangkutan serta menjadi tumpuan penduduk untuk sumber air dan protein Delta Irrawaddy sesuai dijadikan kawasan pertanian Sungai Irrawaddy Sungai terpenting dan terpanjang di Thailand (372 km) Sungai mengalir dari utara Thailand menuju ke Teluk Siam Lembah Chao Phraya kaya dengan tanih aluvium yang subur untuk pertanian Sungai merupakan jalan pengangkutan utama di Thailand Bandar raya Bangkok terkenal dengan pasar terapung dan diberikan 'Venice Timur' sebagai nama jolokan Sungai penting untuk mengangkut kayu balak dan barangan pukal Menam Chao Phraya Tasik ini terletak di bahagain Barat Kemboja merupakan tasik air tawar semula jadi terbesar di Asia Tenggara (2 569 km persegi Tasik membekalkan sumber air utnuk keperluan domestik penduduk Kemboja Sistem pengairan berpunca dari tasik membentuk terusan Perikanan air tawar merupakan kegiatan ekonomi terpenting dan dijalankan sepanjang tahun Tasik ini merupakan kawasan pelancongan dan kapal mudik ke kawasan tasik melalui Sungai Mekong untuk membawa pelancong Tonle Sap Danau Toba terletak di Sumatera Utara,Indonesia yang terkenal sebagai kawasan pelancongan Tasik terbentuk di kawasan pergunungan Merupakan tasik yang terbentuk akibat ledakan gunung berapi antara 73 000 hingga 75 000 tahun yang lalu Saiz ialah 100 km panjang dan 30 km lebar dan sedalam 500 m yang menjadikannya Terdapat sebuah pulau yang besar di tengah-tengah tasik,iaitu Pulau Samosir yang terbentuk akibat pergerakan magma di bawah tasik Tasik membekalkan sumber air untuk keperluan domestik dan aktiviti pertanian Danau Toba Vulkanik tasik vulkanik paling dalam di dunia Terusan: Sungai Buatan Vulkanik: Proses pembentukan atau fenomena gunung berapi Lembangan: Tanah pamah yang rendah atau lembah Barangan Pukal: Barangan dalam kuantiti yang besar dan banyak Hanis Annisa Qistina Binti M Ahmad Kamal 1 Amanah