Bahasa eja slide 2

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Dokumen ini membincangkan peraturan ejaan dalam bahasa Melayu, khususnya mengenai pola keselarasan vokal dan kata pinjaman dari bahasa asing. Terdapat kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal bagi kata-kata pinjaman, dengan contoh yang melibatkan bahasa Nusantara dan Inggeris. Selain itu, dokumen juga menyentuh tentang penyesuaian huruf konsonan dan pengguguran huruf dalam kata pinjaman.

Perkataan dalam bahasa Melayu dieja mengikut
pola keselarasan vokal.
Namun terdapat kekecualian bagi perkataan
yang dipinjam daripada bahasa asing.
 Ejaan kata pinjaman daripada bahasa
asing tidak tertakluk kepada pola keselarasan
vokal tersebut.

Contoh perkataan pinjaman daripada
bahasa Nusantara tidak terikat dengan
pola keselarasan vokal , iaitu:
aneh

perabot

awet

seksa

pamar

gembleng

calon

tulen

lakon

pepet

 Contoh perkataan pinjaman daripada
bahasa Inggeris tidak terikat dengan pola
keselarasan vokal, iaitu:
atom

tiket

atlet

piket

pakej

pistol

setem

Kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal
bagi kata- kata pinjaman
Bil

Pola vokal

Contoh bahasa
Nusantara

Contoh bahasa
Inggeris

1.

a – e (taling)

aneh

panel

2.

a–o

calon

faktor

3.

e (pepet) – e (taling)

gembleng

4.

e (pepet) - o

bedok

5.

i – e (taling)

imlek

6.

i–o

ijon

gabenor

diftong

Kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal
bagi kata- kata pinjaman
Bil

Pola vokal

Contoh bahasa
Nusantara

7.

u – e (taling)

tulen

8.

u–o

lecucon

kupon

9.

a - e (pepet)

pakem

teater

10.

e (taling) - i

objektif

11.

e ( taling) - u

petroleum

12.

e (pepet) – e (pepet)

pepet

Contoh bahasa
Inggeris

Kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal
bagi kata- kata pinjaman
Bil

Pola vokal

Contoh bahasa
Nusantara

Contoh bahasa
Inggeris

13.

i – e (pepet)

iseng

filem

14.

o–i

fosil

15.

o-u

bonus

16.

u - e ( pepet)

17.

e (taling) – e (pepet)

meter

18.

o – e (pepet)

Oktober

lumer

skuter

Peraturan khas dalam mengeja kata
pinjaman
(a) Melakukan penyesuaian ke atas huruf-huruf
konsonan tertentu
Contoh:
Penyesuaian huruf

Bahasa Inggeris

Bahasa Melayu

c→s

cent

sen

c→k

carbon

karbon

q→k

quality

kualiti

taxi

teksi

x → ks

(b) Menggugurkan satu daripada gabungan huruf
konsonan yang sama.
Contoh:
Huruf

Bahasa Inggeris

Bahasa Melayu

bb → b

lobby

lobi

pp → p

apple

epal

ss → s

express

ekspres

jazz

jaz

zz → z

(c) Menyesuaikan huruf bagi gabungan perkataan
dua huruf vokal
Contoh:
Huruf

Bahasa Inggeris

Bahasa Melayu

ae → e

aesthetics

estetik

ee → i

beer

bir

oe → e

foetus

fetus

tissue

tisu

ue → u

Kertas kerja ini membincangkan pengajaran kata pinjaman bahasa Inggeris dalam memperkaya kosa kata pelajar bahasa Melayu dan menyampaikan pentingnya peminjaman tersebut di pelbagai peringkat pendidikan. Ia juga menyoroti langkah-langkah perancangan korpus bahasa Melayu, termasuk penentuan ejaan, penyeragaman, pemodenan, dan pemantapan, serta mencadangkan kajian lanjut mengenai pengajaran kata pinjaman. Selain itu, laporan ini menggariskan kesalahan penggunaan kata pinjaman oleh pelajar di peringkat menengah dan universiti.

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Bahasa eja slide 2

1. Perkataan dalam bahasa Melayu dieja mengikut pola keselarasan vokal. Namun terdapat kekecualian bagi perkataan yang dipinjam daripada bahasa asing.  Ejaan kata pinjaman daripada bahasa asing tidak tertakluk kepada pola keselarasan vokal tersebut.

2. Contoh perkataan pinjaman daripada bahasa Nusantara tidak terikat dengan pola keselarasan vokal , iaitu: aneh perabot awet seksa pamar gembleng calon tulen lakon pepet

3.  Contoh perkataan pinjaman daripada bahasa Inggeris tidak terikat dengan pola keselarasan vokal, iaitu: atom tiket atlet piket pakej pistol setem

4. Kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal bagi kata- kata pinjaman Bil Pola vokal Contoh bahasa Nusantara Contoh bahasa Inggeris 1. a – e (taling) aneh panel 2. a–o calon faktor 3. e (pepet) – e (taling) gembleng 4. e (pepet) - o bedok 5. i – e (taling) imlek 6. i–o ijon gabenor diftong

5. Kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal bagi kata- kata pinjaman Bil Pola vokal Contoh bahasa Nusantara 7. u – e (taling) tulen 8. u–o lecucon kupon 9. a - e (pepet) pakem teater 10. e (taling) - i objektif 11. e ( taling) - u petroleum 12. e (pepet) – e (pepet) pepet Contoh bahasa Inggeris

6. Kekecualian pola keselarasan vokal bagi kata- kata pinjaman Bil Pola vokal Contoh bahasa Nusantara Contoh bahasa Inggeris 13. i – e (pepet) iseng filem 14. o–i fosil 15. o-u bonus 16. u - e ( pepet) 17. e (taling) – e (pepet) meter 18. o – e (pepet) Oktober lumer skuter

7. Peraturan khas dalam mengeja kata pinjaman (a) Melakukan penyesuaian ke atas huruf-huruf konsonan tertentu Contoh: Penyesuaian huruf Bahasa Inggeris Bahasa Melayu c→s cent sen c→k carbon karbon q→k quality kualiti taxi teksi x → ks

8. (b) Menggugurkan satu daripada gabungan huruf konsonan yang sama. Contoh: Huruf Bahasa Inggeris Bahasa Melayu bb → b lobby lobi pp → p apple epal ss → s express ekspres jazz jaz zz → z

9. (c) Menyesuaikan huruf bagi gabungan perkataan dua huruf vokal Contoh: Huruf Bahasa Inggeris Bahasa Melayu ae → e aesthetics estetik ee → i beer bir oe → e foetus fetus tissue tisu ue → u

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Bahasa eja slide 2

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Bahasa eja slide 2