Bashnet
- 1. §¢§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä: §Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ô§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ
§Ó §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ö
§¢§à§â§Ú§ã §°§â§Ö§ç§à§Ó, §¡§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ä §¤§Ñ§Ý§Ý§ñ§Þ§à§Ó
nevmenandr@gmail.com
§§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §æ§Ú§Ý§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú
§¢§Ñ§ê§¤§µ, §Ô. §µ§æ§Ñ
- 3. §¹§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä?
?
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä:
?
§ã§Ñ§Û§ä§í §à §¢§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ö
?
§ã§Ñ§Û§ä§í §ß§Ñ §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ö
?
§Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Þ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Ö (§ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ß§Ö
§Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§í §à §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ
§Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ö)
- 4. §¹§ä§à §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§à?
?
§¥§à §ã§Ú§ç §á§à§â §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä§í §á§à§é§ä§Ú §ß§Ö
§Ú§Ù§å§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î:
?
§®§Ñ§Ý§à§Ö §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û
?
§°§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§â§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ
?
§ª§ß§Ö§â§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Û §ï§Ý§Ú§ä§í
§ª§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö: §´§Ñ§ä§ß§Ö§ä (§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ §Ó §£§Ú§Ü§Ú§á§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ú)
- 5. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à §´§Ñ§ä§ß§Ö§ä§å
?
§¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §©. §®§Ñ§ç§Þ§å§ä§à§Ó§Ñ (§¬§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§î)
§Á§Ù§í§Ü, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ü §ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ñ§ç
§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§ã§ä§Ó
4%
§â§å§ã§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ñ§Ù§í§Ü
§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ñ§Ù§í§Ü
96%
- 6. §ª§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ
?
§³§á§Ý§à§ê§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§ç§à§Õ §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§à§Ó
?
30 §Õ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ§×§ß
?
§±§Ñ§â§ã§Ú§ß§Ô §ã§ä§â§à§Ü, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö
§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ
?
?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? (§ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö
§ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ü§Ú)
- 7. §°§Ò§ì§×§Þ §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ
? §¯§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 2012 §Ô.:
? 66 199 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è
? §²§å§ß§Ö§ä:
? §¶§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§î 2004: 428571¡¤10^3
? §¥§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§î 2005: 2538¡¤10^6
? §°§ã§Ö§ß§î 2009: 3825¡¤10^6
? §¯§Ñ §ä§Ö§Ü§å§ë§Ú§Û §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä (§Ô§â§å§Ò§Ñ§ñ §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ): 5 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ.
- 8. §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä§í §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç
§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç
?
§°§Ò§ì§×§Þ §£§Ú§Ü§Ú§á§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ú ~ §à§Ò§ì§×§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à
§ã§Ö§Ô§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ:
?
§¬§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û: 370 279
?
§£§Ñ§Ý§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û: 35 614
?
§¢§Ö§ß§Ô§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û: 23 211
?
§º§à§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û: 9 792
?
§¯§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§ã§Ñ§Ü§ã§à§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û: 4 741
?
§¬§Ý§Ú§ß§Ô§à§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û: 71
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä: 15 964 §´§Ñ§ä§ß§Ö§ä: 15 259
- 9. §±§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú
?§£ §â§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §é§å§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 30%
§ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ
§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä§à§Þ. §£ §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú ¨C §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 40%?
(§±§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §². §·§Ñ§Þ§Ú§ä§à§Ó)
?§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (1979, 1989 §Ú 1994 §Ô§Ô.) §Ó
§Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §¢§Ñ§ê§Ü§à§â§ä§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ü§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§í§Û §â§à§ã§ä
§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â (§ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à, 12.1 %, 14.5 %, §Ú 14,9 %
§Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ). §±§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ú 1989 §Ô., 42,3 % §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à
§Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ,
§á§à §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ñ§Þ §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§à§Ó, §Ó §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö
§á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú?. §±§à §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ
§á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ú 2002 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ 42,4 %,
§Õ§à§Ý§ñ §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ ¨C 57,6 %
- 10. §³§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §á§à §Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§Ü§Ö
?
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä: 27 252 251 §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à
?
§²§å§ß§Ö§ä (§ß§Ñ 2009 §Ô.): 2,3 §ä§â§Ý§ß. §ã§Ý§à§Ó
?
§²§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ú§è§Ñ §ß§Ñ 5 §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó (§Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ
§Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó)
- 11. §®§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§í§Ö vs. §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§í
?
§®§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§í (§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä-§á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö
§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§é§ß§à):
?
9 §Ú§Ù 30 §Õ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§à§Ó
?
41 298 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è
?
15 155 408 §ã§Ý§à§Ó
§³§Ñ§Û§ä §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ö§ä§í ?§«?§ê§Ý§Ö§Ü?: 8 470 444 §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ,
55.89% §à§Ò§ì§×§Þ§Ñ §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à§å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ
§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§í§ç §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ñ§ç §Ú 31% §à§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§â§á§å§ã§Ñ
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ, §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Û §£§Ú§Ü§Ú§á§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ú
- 12. §¯§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§í
?
§£§Ú§Ü§Ú§á§Ö§Õ§Ú§ñ
?
§¢§Ý§à§Ô§Ú (§Þ§à§ß§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§ç §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§ä)
?
§°§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ó§à§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ú§ã§í
(§ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§é§ä§Ñ, §ß§à§Ó§à§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í,
§ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ö§ä§Ú)
?
§¥§Ó§å§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§Û §æ§à§â§å§Þ (bashforum.net)
- 13. §¬§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ö
§¯§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ö§ä§í ?§«?§ê§Ý§Ö§Ü? §Ó §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ
§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§å §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ 595,3 §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ, §Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö
§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú ?§¡§ê?§Ñ?§Ñ§â?, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ
§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§å§Ö§ä, §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ, §ß§Ö §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§í, §Ñ
§Ñ§å§Õ§Ú§à§Ù§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é, §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à
§ã§Ý§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ö ¨C 42,6.
- 14. §±§â§à§Þ§Ö§Ø§å§ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§í
?
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§å ¨C §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü §³§®§ª
?
§ª§Þ§Ú§Õ§Ø§Ö§Ó§í§Û §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä
?
§¯§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ §é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ
?
§³§Ú§Ô§ß§Ñ§Ý §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§â (§Ù§à§Ý§à§ä§Ñ§ñ §á§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ü§Ñ
¡±§£§à§ñ§Õ§Ø§Ö§â§Ñ¡±)
- 15. §±§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§Ö§Ö §à §Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§Ü§Ö
?
§³§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö:
§³§Ú§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Ó §©. §¡. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§î §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à
§ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ. §´.1 (§ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ñ). §µ§æ§Ñ, 1997; §³§Ú§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Ó §©.§¡.
§¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§î §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ. §´.2 <§Ó
§Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §à§ê§Ú§Ò§à§é§ß§à: ?§´.1?> (§á§â§à§Ù§Ñ). §µ§æ§Ñ:,
2002;. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§î §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û
§¥§Ñ§å§ä§Ñ §À§Ý§ä§í§ñ / §³§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §©. §¡. §³§Ú§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Ó.
§µ§æ§Ñ, 1995.
§³§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §Ó 200.000
§ã§Ý§à§Ó§à§å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û
§¬§à§ß§ä§Ö§ß§ä §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ (§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Á§ß§Õ§Ö§Ü§ã§Ñ)
- 16. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ
?
§³§à§ð§Ù ??§Þ ¡®§Ú¡¯ §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ý§à§Ô §Þ§Ö§ß?§ß ¡®§ã¡¯
?
§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ý§à§Ô §Ò§å§Û§í§ß§ã§Ñ ¡®§á§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å, §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö
§ï§ä§à§Ô§à¡¯ (78.230 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ß§Ö§ä §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç
§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ§ç §Ó §ä§à§á-50)
§Ò§Ñ§ê §Þ?§ç?§â§â§Ú§â?§Ö? §Õ?§Û?§Þ §Þ?§ã§î?§Ý?§Ý?§â §Ò§å§Û§í§ß§ã§Ñ
§å§â§í§ß§Ò§Ñ?§Ñ§â§í ¡®§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ §á§à
§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ¡¯
- 17. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ
§Ò§Ñ§ê?§à§â§ä ¡®§Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Û¡¯ (66.945 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û). §£ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç
§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ§ç: ¡±§ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Û §ã§ä§Ú§Ý§î¡±: 15 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à (1 126
§Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û); §Ó §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ö §À§Ý§ä§í§ñ:
§ß§Ö §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö 50 §ã§Ý§à§Ó (§Ó §À: 68 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à). §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ú
§ã§Ý§à§Ó§à §Ò§Ñ§ê?§à§â§ä§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß (17 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ú 43 272
§Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§Ñ?§Ñ§ã§í§Þ ¡®§Þ§à§× §Õ§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à¡¯ (6 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ú 59.792 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û),
?§à§ê§à§Þ ¡®§Þ§à§ñ §á§ä§Ú§è§Ñ¡¯ (8 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, 59.739 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û),
§í§â§í§å§í§Þ ¡®§Þ§à§Û §â§à§Õ¡¯ (10 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, 47.789 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û),
§à§â§Ñ§ß§í§Þ ¡®§Þ§à§Û §Ü§Ý§Ú§é¡¯ (16 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, 43.791 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
- 18. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ
§¤§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Ý ??§Ô?§â§ä§Ö§â§Ô? ¡®§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î¡¯ (9 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ú
49.017 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§à§Þ §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ) §ä§à§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à
§å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à §Ó §Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ö §Ù§Ñ
§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ª§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ. §¦§Ô§à §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú
§Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§é§ß§Ö §Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§Ü§Ú §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ
§Õ§Ú§Ù§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ ?§£§Ú§Ü§Ú§á§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ú?
(31,28% §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§ì§×§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§à§Ô§à
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ)
§´§à §Ø§Ö: §Þ???§Ý? ¡®§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ¡¯ (12 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à 45.984
§Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
- 19. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ
?§ß?§Ý§Ö§ê§ä?§â ¡®§ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ¡¯ (14 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, 44.049
§Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ§ç §à§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §Ó
§ä§à§á-50)
§ä?§á §Û?§ß?§Ý§Ö§ê ¡®§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö¡¯
? 2009 §Û§í§Ý§Õ§Ñ§ß §æ§Ñ§Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§Ö§ä§ä§Ñ §Ò?§ä? §Û?§ß?§Ý§Ö§ê§ä?§â §Ò§å§Û§í§ß§ã§Ñ §Ý§Ñ
§ã§ä§å§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§ä§Ñ§â?§í? §à§Ý§Ú§Þ§á§Ú§Ñ§Õ§Ñ?§í §å??§Ñ§â§í§Ý§Ñ ¡®§Ñ §ã 2009 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ
§æ§Ñ§Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§Ö§ä§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §à§Ý§Ú§Þ§á§Ú§Ñ§Õ§í §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ¡¯;
§¢§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ? §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í§ß§Õ§Ñ §ä§Ñ§á §à§ê§à §Û?§ß?§Ý§Ö§ê§ä?§â?§Ö ??§ä§Ö§â§Ö? ?§ã?§ß
§Ò?§ä? §Þ?§Þ§Ü§Ú§ß§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä?§â §Ò§Ñ§â ¡®§Ó §¢§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ
§â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§ä §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ó§à§ä §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ö§ã§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú¡¯.
- 20. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Ú §á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§í
§Þ§í §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ó §Ò§å§Û§í§ß§ã§Ñ, §Ñ?§Ñ§ã§í§Þ, ?§à§ê§à§Þ,
§í§â§í§å§í§Þ, ??§Ô?§â§ä§Ö§â§Ô?, §Þ???§Ý?, §Û?§ß?§Ý§Ö§ê§ä?§â,
§Ò§Ö§Û??§â §Ó §Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§Ö§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ,
§ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ö §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§à§Ó
§Ò§Ñ§ê§Ü§Ú§â§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §³§®§ª. §£ §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö
§Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à §å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ö§Ò§ß§í§Ö
§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ ??§Þ, §Ò§í§Ý, §Þ§Ö§ß?§ß, ?§ã?§ß §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ú
§ä§Ñ§Þ, §Ú §ä§Ñ§Þ.
- 21. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Ú §á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§í
§é§Ñ§ë§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ñ§ç, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö:
§ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §æ§à§â§Þ§å §Ú§ß§Ö (§å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó
§á§â§à§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§Þ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §ã§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û
§ß§Ö§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§×§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú: ?§Ñ§Û§ä§ä§í ¡®§à§ß (§ä§à§é§ß§à) §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ý§ã§ñ¡¯;
?§Ñ§Û§ä?§Ñ§ß ¡®§à§ß (§Ó§â§à§Õ§Ö §Ò§í, §ñ §ß§Ö §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§Ý) §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ý§ã§ñ¡¯;
?§Ñ§Û§ä?§Ñ§ß §Ú§ß§Ö ¡®§à§ß, §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §Ó§â§à§Õ§Ö, §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ý§ã§ñ¡¯). §¥§Ý§ñ
§ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§à§Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§í, §Ñ
§Ó §± (11 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à) §Ú §Ó §À (16 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à) §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§å§ð§ä
§ã§Ó§à§ð §Ó§à§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä
§ã§Ó§à§ð §å§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §Ú§ß§Ö
(78 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, 18.393 §å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û), §é§ä§à §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ
§Þ§Ñ§Ý§í§Þ §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à-
§à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§à§Ó.
- 22. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Ú §²§å§ß§Ö§ä
§Ô§à§Õ / §Û§í§Ý (3 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç
§²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ / 50 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§í §Ó
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö §Ú §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §å
§à§Þ§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §æ§à§â§Þ §ä§Ú§á§Ñ §Û§í§Ý?§Ñ §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Þ
§ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö
§ß§à§Ó§à§ã§ä§î / §ñ?§í§Ý§í?§ä§Ñ§â (4 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 176
§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 12.530 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§æ§à§â§å§Þ / §æ§à§â§å§Þ (7 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 25 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö)
- 23. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Ú §²§å§ß§Ö§ä
§á§à§Ú§ã§Ü / §ï?§Ý?? (8 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 26 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 33.217 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§Õ§Ö§ß§î / §Ü?§ß (9 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 339 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, 6.137
§Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î / ?§å§Ý§Ý§Ñ§ß§í§å§ã§í (14 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö /
562 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 3.333 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ / §Ó§Ñ?§í§ä (19 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 199 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 10.790 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü / §Ü§Ö§ê§Ö (20 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 93 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 16.745 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
- 24. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Ú §²§å§ß§Ö§ä
?
§´§à, §Õ§Ý§ñ §é§Ö§Ô§à §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §á§à§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß:
§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§æ§à§ß / §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§æ§à§ß (5 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 2.721 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à
§Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 474 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ)
§â§Ö§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ / §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Ý§Ñ§å (16 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö /
107.110 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 4 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ)
§Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û / §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û (18 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö,
11.965 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 75 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û)
§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â / §ä§Ñ§å§Ñ§â (13 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §²§å§ß§Ö§ä§Ö / 6.689 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó
§¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ö, 153 §Ó§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ).
- 25. §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä §Ú §æ§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ý§à§â§ß§í§Û §æ§à§ß§Õ
?
§¿§¯§ª ¡±§¶§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ý§à§â§ß§í§Û §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§Ó §¢§Ñ§ê§¤§µ)
lcph.bashedu.ru/index.php?go=editions
§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Ý §ä§Ú, §Þ§Ñ§â§Ü§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§å §é§å§Ø§à§Û §â§Ö§é§Ú, §é§ä§à
§Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§Ú§Þ§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §æ§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ý§à§â§ß§í§ç
§á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û.
3 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à: §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§è§Ñ ?§í§ß§Ñ, §ã§Ó§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ
§ï§Þ§à§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§Ñ§ã§í§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ.
§³§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §Ò§Ö§â §Ú §Þ§Ö§ß?§ß, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ú §Ó §Ó§Ö§â§ç§å §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ
§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §¢§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ 2 §Ú 4 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §Ó
§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ä§ß§à§Þ §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö §¿§¯§ª.
- 26. §¹§ä§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ê§Ö?
?
§¯§å§Ø§ß§Ñ §Þ§à§â§æ§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ß§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ö§ä§î §à§ä
§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ü§Ú
?
§¯§å§Ø§ß§í §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç
§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä§à§Ó