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Basic Concepts of Computer Network

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Sazzad Hossain

A computer network is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing resources. The most common resource shared today is connection to the Internet. Other shared resources can include a printer or a file server

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Basic Concepts of Computer Networks and Communications Network Topology MD.SAZZAD HOSSAIN ID:173-15-10447 DIU
Presentation Contents DEFINITION OF COMPUTER NETWORKS DIFFERENT NETWORK METHODS LAN,MAN,WAN NETWORK TOPOLOGIES SUMMARY
Different Network Methods DEFINITION: LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN), METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
Local Area Nteworks(LAN) WHICH IS USUALLY A SMALL NETWORK CONSTRAINED TO A SMALL GEOGRAPHIC AREA. AN EXAMPLE OF A LAN WOULD BE A COMPUTER NETWORK WITHIN A BUILDING
Metropolitan Area Networks(MAN) A METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) IS A NETWORK THAT INTERCONNECTS USERS WITH COMPUTER RESOURCES IN A GEOGRAPHIC AREA OR REGION LARGER
Wide Area Networks(WAN) A WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK) IS A COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK THAT SPANS A LARGE GEOGRAPHIC AREA SUCH AS ACROSS CITIES, STATES, OR COUNTRIES
Topology THE PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK REFERS TO THE CONFIGURATION OF CABLES, COMPUTERS AND OTHER PERIPHERALS TOPOLOGY TYPES OF NETWORKS TOPOLOGY BUS RING STAR
Bus Topology ALL COMPUTERS AND DEVICES CONNECTED TO CENTRAL CABLE OR BUS. CONSISTS OF A MAIN RUN OF CABLE WITH A TERMINATOR AT EACH END. POPULAR ON LANS BECAUSE THEY ARE INEXPENSIVE AND EASY TO INSTALL
Ring Topology CABLE FORMS CLOSED RING OR LOOP, WITH ALL COMPUTERS AND DEVICES ARRANGED ALONG RING. DATA TRAVELS FROM DEVICE TO DEVICE AROUND ENTIRE RING, IN ONE DIRECTION.
Star Topology ALL DEVICES CONNECT TO A CENTRAL DEVICE, CALLED HUB. ALL DATA TRANSFERRED FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER PASSES THROUGH HUB.
MESH Topology IN THE MESH TOPOLOGY EACH COMPUTER ARE CONNECTED WITH EACH OTHER BY SEPARATE CABLE. CREATE POINT TO POINT CONNECTION TO EVERY DEVICE ON NETWORK.IF ONE CABLE FAIL DATA ALWAYS HAS ALTERNATIVE PATH TO GET TO ITS DESTINATION.
Advantage & Disadvantage
Bus Topology ADVANTAGE: EASY TO CONNECT A COMPUTER OR PERIPHERAL TO A LINEAR BUS. DISADVANTAGE: ENTIRE NETWORK SHUTS DOWN IF THERE IS A BREAK IN THE MAIN CABLE
Ring Topology ADVANTAGE: DATA IS QUICKLY TRANSFERRED WITHOUT A BOTTLE NECK. DISADVANTAGE: DATA PACKETS MUST PASS THROUGH EVERY COMPUTER BETWEEN THE SENDER AND RECIPIENT THEREFORE, THIS MAKES IT SLOWER.
Star Topology ADVANTAGE: EASY TO INSTALL AND WIRE DISADVANTAGE: REQUIRES MORE CABLE LENGTH THAN A LINEAR TOPOLOGY
MESH Topology ADVANTAGE: PROVIDE REDUNDANT PATH BETWEEN DEVICE DISADVANTAGE: REQUIRE MORE CABLE THEN OTHER TOPOLOGY
Basic Concepts of Computer Network

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Basic Concepts of Computer Network

  • 1. Basic Concepts of Computer Networks and Communications Network Topology MD.SAZZAD HOSSAIN ID:173-15-10447 DIU
  • 2. Presentation Contents DEFINITION OF COMPUTER NETWORKS DIFFERENT NETWORK METHODS LAN,MAN,WAN NETWORK TOPOLOGIES SUMMARY
  • 3. Different Network Methods DEFINITION: LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN), METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
  • 4. Local Area Nteworks(LAN) WHICH IS USUALLY A SMALL NETWORK CONSTRAINED TO A SMALL GEOGRAPHIC AREA. AN EXAMPLE OF A LAN WOULD BE A COMPUTER NETWORK WITHIN A BUILDING
  • 5. Metropolitan Area Networks(MAN) A METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) IS A NETWORK THAT INTERCONNECTS USERS WITH COMPUTER RESOURCES IN A GEOGRAPHIC AREA OR REGION LARGER
  • 6. Wide Area Networks(WAN) A WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK) IS A COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK THAT SPANS A LARGE GEOGRAPHIC AREA SUCH AS ACROSS CITIES, STATES, OR COUNTRIES
  • 7. Topology THE PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK REFERS TO THE CONFIGURATION OF CABLES, COMPUTERS AND OTHER PERIPHERALS TOPOLOGY TYPES OF NETWORKS TOPOLOGY BUS RING STAR
  • 8. Bus Topology ALL COMPUTERS AND DEVICES CONNECTED TO CENTRAL CABLE OR BUS. CONSISTS OF A MAIN RUN OF CABLE WITH A TERMINATOR AT EACH END. POPULAR ON LANS BECAUSE THEY ARE INEXPENSIVE AND EASY TO INSTALL
  • 9. Ring Topology CABLE FORMS CLOSED RING OR LOOP, WITH ALL COMPUTERS AND DEVICES ARRANGED ALONG RING. DATA TRAVELS FROM DEVICE TO DEVICE AROUND ENTIRE RING, IN ONE DIRECTION.
  • 10. Star Topology ALL DEVICES CONNECT TO A CENTRAL DEVICE, CALLED HUB. ALL DATA TRANSFERRED FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER PASSES THROUGH HUB.
  • 11. MESH Topology IN THE MESH TOPOLOGY EACH COMPUTER ARE CONNECTED WITH EACH OTHER BY SEPARATE CABLE. CREATE POINT TO POINT CONNECTION TO EVERY DEVICE ON NETWORK.IF ONE CABLE FAIL DATA ALWAYS HAS ALTERNATIVE PATH TO GET TO ITS DESTINATION.
  • 13. Bus Topology ADVANTAGE: EASY TO CONNECT A COMPUTER OR PERIPHERAL TO A LINEAR BUS. DISADVANTAGE: ENTIRE NETWORK SHUTS DOWN IF THERE IS A BREAK IN THE MAIN CABLE
  • 14. Ring Topology ADVANTAGE: DATA IS QUICKLY TRANSFERRED WITHOUT A BOTTLE NECK. DISADVANTAGE: DATA PACKETS MUST PASS THROUGH EVERY COMPUTER BETWEEN THE SENDER AND RECIPIENT THEREFORE, THIS MAKES IT SLOWER.
  • 15. Star Topology ADVANTAGE: EASY TO INSTALL AND WIRE DISADVANTAGE: REQUIRES MORE CABLE LENGTH THAN A LINEAR TOPOLOGY
  • 16. MESH Topology ADVANTAGE: PROVIDE REDUNDANT PATH BETWEEN DEVICE DISADVANTAGE: REQUIRE MORE CABLE THEN OTHER TOPOLOGY