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basic difference between Gram +ve & Gram -ve bacteria,classes of bacteria, gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria

RajkumarKumawat11
RajkumarKumawat11

basic difference between Gram +ve & Gram -ve bacteria, gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria, classes of bacteria

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basic difference between Gram +ve & Gram -ve bacteria,classes of bacteria, gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria
1. Gram Staining Gr +ve:- Retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple on Grams staining. Gr -ve:- Accept safranin after decolorization and stain pink or red on Grams staining. 2. Cell wall Thickness Gr +ve:- Thick (20-80 nm) Gr -ve:- Thin (8-10 nm) 3. Peptidoglycan layer Gr +ve:- Thick (Multilayered) Gr -ve:- Thin (single layered)
4. Rigidity & Elasticity Gr +ve:- Rigid & less elastic Gr -ve:- Less rigid & more elastic 5. Outer membrane Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 6. Variety of amino acid in cell wall Gr +ve:- Few Gr -ve:- Several
7. Aromatic & Sulfur containing amino acid in cell wall Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 8. Periplasmic space Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 9. Teichoic acid Gr +ve:- Mostly present Gr -ve:- Absent
10. Porins Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 11. Lipopolysaccharides content Gr +ve:- Virtually none Gr -ve:- High 12. Lipid & Lipoprotein content Gr +ve:- Low (acid fast bacteria have lipid linked to peptidoglycans) Gr -ve:- High (because presence of outer membrane)
13. Ratio of DNA & RNA Gr +ve:- 8:1 Gr -ve:- Almost 1 14. Mesosomes Gr +ve:- Quite prominent Gr -ve:- Less prominent 15. Flagellar structure Gr +ve:- 2 rings in basal body Gr -ve:- 4 rings in basal body
16. Magnetosomes Gr +ve:- Usually absent Gr -ve:- Sometimes present 17. Morphology Gr +ve:- Usually cocci or spore forming rods (exception: Lactobacillus & cornebacterium) Gr -ve:- Usually non-spore forming rods (exception: Neisseria) 18. Endospore formation Gr +ve:- Some produce endospore during unfavorable conditions Gr -ve:- usually not found to produce endospores
19. Toxin produced Gr +ve:- Exotoxins Gr -ve:- Endotoxins or Exotoxins 20. Pathogens Gr +ve:- Few pathogenic bacteria belongs to Gr +ve group Gr -ve:- Most pathogens are Gr ve 21. Nutritional requirements Gr +ve:- Relatively complex Gr -ve:- Relatively simple
22. Resistance to physical disruption Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low 23. Cell wall disruption by lysozyme Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low ( require pretreatment to destabilize outer membrane) 24. Susceptibility to penicillin & sulfonamide Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low
25. Susceptibility to streptomycin, chloramphenicol & tetracycline Gr +ve:- Low Gr -ve:- High 26. Inhibition by basic dyes Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low 27. Susceptibility to anionic detergents Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low
28. Resistance to sodium azide 29. Resistance to drying Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low 30. Rendering Gr +ve:- They can rendered Gr-ve by increasing acidity Gr -ve:- They can rendered Gr +ve by increasing alkalinity Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low
31. Examples Gr +ve:- Staphylococcus Streptococcus Bacillus Clostridium Enterococcus Gr -ve:- Salmonella Escherichia Klebsiella Proteus Helicobacter Pseudomonas
basic difference between Gram +ve & Gram -ve bacteria,classes of bacteria, gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria

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basic difference between Gram +ve & Gram -ve bacteria,classes of bacteria, gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria

  • 2. 1. Gram Staining Gr +ve:- Retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple on Grams staining. Gr -ve:- Accept safranin after decolorization and stain pink or red on Grams staining. 2. Cell wall Thickness Gr +ve:- Thick (20-80 nm) Gr -ve:- Thin (8-10 nm) 3. Peptidoglycan layer Gr +ve:- Thick (Multilayered) Gr -ve:- Thin (single layered)
  • 3. 4. Rigidity & Elasticity Gr +ve:- Rigid & less elastic Gr -ve:- Less rigid & more elastic 5. Outer membrane Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 6. Variety of amino acid in cell wall Gr +ve:- Few Gr -ve:- Several
  • 4. 7. Aromatic & Sulfur containing amino acid in cell wall Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 8. Periplasmic space Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 9. Teichoic acid Gr +ve:- Mostly present Gr -ve:- Absent
  • 5. 10. Porins Gr +ve:- Absent Gr -ve:- Present 11. Lipopolysaccharides content Gr +ve:- Virtually none Gr -ve:- High 12. Lipid & Lipoprotein content Gr +ve:- Low (acid fast bacteria have lipid linked to peptidoglycans) Gr -ve:- High (because presence of outer membrane)
  • 6. 13. Ratio of DNA & RNA Gr +ve:- 8:1 Gr -ve:- Almost 1 14. Mesosomes Gr +ve:- Quite prominent Gr -ve:- Less prominent 15. Flagellar structure Gr +ve:- 2 rings in basal body Gr -ve:- 4 rings in basal body
  • 7. 16. Magnetosomes Gr +ve:- Usually absent Gr -ve:- Sometimes present 17. Morphology Gr +ve:- Usually cocci or spore forming rods (exception: Lactobacillus & cornebacterium) Gr -ve:- Usually non-spore forming rods (exception: Neisseria) 18. Endospore formation Gr +ve:- Some produce endospore during unfavorable conditions Gr -ve:- usually not found to produce endospores
  • 8. 19. Toxin produced Gr +ve:- Exotoxins Gr -ve:- Endotoxins or Exotoxins 20. Pathogens Gr +ve:- Few pathogenic bacteria belongs to Gr +ve group Gr -ve:- Most pathogens are Gr ve 21. Nutritional requirements Gr +ve:- Relatively complex Gr -ve:- Relatively simple
  • 9. 22. Resistance to physical disruption Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low 23. Cell wall disruption by lysozyme Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low ( require pretreatment to destabilize outer membrane) 24. Susceptibility to penicillin & sulfonamide Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low
  • 10. 25. Susceptibility to streptomycin, chloramphenicol & tetracycline Gr +ve:- Low Gr -ve:- High 26. Inhibition by basic dyes Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low 27. Susceptibility to anionic detergents Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low
  • 11. 28. Resistance to sodium azide 29. Resistance to drying Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low 30. Rendering Gr +ve:- They can rendered Gr-ve by increasing acidity Gr -ve:- They can rendered Gr +ve by increasing alkalinity Gr +ve:- High Gr -ve:- Low
  • 12. 31. Examples Gr +ve:- Staphylococcus Streptococcus Bacillus Clostridium Enterococcus Gr -ve:- Salmonella Escherichia Klebsiella Proteus Helicobacter Pseudomonas