Basic Elements of Music
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This document defines the basic elements of music and their functions. It discusses that music is organized sound with elements like pitch, duration, timbre, harmony, texture and dynamics. It then explains the various functions of music including aesthetics, emotional appeal, nationalism, entertainment, and marketing. It concludes by describing the key musical elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, timbre, dynamics, form, and musical instruments.
Basic Elements of Music
- 2. Music and Its Function
- 3. What Music is? Sound that is organized, systematic, and structured is called music. It has elements like pitch, duration, timbre, harmony, texture and dynamics that are organized into an artistic form of communication expressed either vocally or instrumentally.
- 4. Functions of Music Music is an important ingredient in our daily lives. Its value depends on our purposes, whether for celebrations, rites, rituals, and/or special occasions.
- 5. Function Specifications Examples 1. Aesthetics It provides a sense of achievement, happiness, and satisfaction. It is very personal and intimate. No two listeners have equally the same emotional response. Jesu Joy of Man's Desiring by Johann Sebastian Bach 2. Emotional Appeal It helps in the release of emotions and in the expression of one's feelings in the lines of a song or the melodic movemen of the instrumental piece. Anak by Freddie Aguilar
- 6. Function Specifications Examples 3. Nationalistic Fervor It is an effective means to develop nationalism, strengthen national discipline, and transmitting cultural values, history, and oral traditions. Bayan Ko by Constancio de Guzman Mutya ng Pasig by Nicanor Abelardo 4. Artistic Forms and Academic Disciplines It is used to convey ideas. Magkaugnay by Joey Ayala 5. Medium between God and people It is used to communicate with God. Dona Nobis Pacem by Kerenyi Gyorgy 6.Comparison in Work It keeps workers inspired to do their best in their tasks. Magtanim ay Di Biro Phil. folk song
- 7. Function Specifications Examples 7. A Form of Entertainment It provides entertainment for different occasions, celebrations, and programs. It allows appreciation of musical skills. Ikaw by Yeng Constantino 8. Tool of Marketing It promotes products new in the market. Beat Energy Gap by James Reid
- 8. Sound is produced by the vibration of objects. Some sounds are disorganized; others are organized. Unpleasant and disorganized sound is called noise. Music is a systematic, organized, structured sound.
- 9. ACTIVITY SING A FEW LINES OF YOUR FAVORITE SONG IN CLASS AND TELL ITS IMPORTANCE IN YOUR LIFE.
- 11. Rhythm the time element of music. A specific rhythm is a specific pattern in time; we usually hear these in relation to a steady pulse, and mentally organize this pulse or tempo into meter (sometimes called a "time signature"). Meter organizes beats into groups, usually of two or three; beats can be divided into small units usually 2, 3 or 4 subdivisions
- 16. Beat/Time Signature 2 - two beats in a measure and 4 the quarter note receives one beat ex. Lupang Hinirang, Sitsiritsit,Pamulinawen, Magtanim Ay Di Biro, Dungawin Mo Hirang, Chua-Ay, etc.
- 17. 3 - three beats in a measure and 4 the quarter note receives one beat ex. Atin Cu Pung Singsing, Santa Clara, Sarung Banggi, Pasyon, Bahay Kubo, Mutya Ng Pasig, Nasaan Ka Irog
- 18. 4 - four beats in a measure and 4 the quarter note receives one beat ex. Leron Leron Sinta, Dios Te Salve, Ode to Joy, If You're Happy and You Know It, London Bridge, etc.
- 19. Duration- how long a sound lasts Tempo- speed at which the music is played Accelerando becoming faster Adagio slow Allegretto moderately fast Allegro fast Andante moderately slow Grave very slow, solemn Largo really slow Moderato moderate Prestissimo as fast as possible Presto very fast Ritardando gradual slowing Vivace lively
- 20. Dynamics refers to the loudness and softness of sound. Crescendo Decresendo Forte loud Piano soft Mezzo forte medium loud Mezzo piano medium soft Crescendo getting louder Decresendo getting softer
- 21. A composition that has extremely soft passages as well as extremely loud passages is said to have a large or wide dynamic range. Dynamics can change suddenly or gradually (crescendo, getting louder, or decrescendo, getting softer.)
- 22. Melody It is the horizontal succession of notes written or performed in a recognizable shape. Wide Range 8 tones & above Moderate Range 5 tones Narrow Range 1-3 tones
- 25. Melodic Direction Step- line to space Skip- line to line, space to space Leap- more than a step
- 26. Texture- refers to the number of individual musical lines (melodies) and the relationship these lines have to one another. Monophonic one voice (melody) or line Polyphonic voices Homophonic a melody with simple accompaniment Heterophony mixed or multiple similar versions of a melody performed simultaneously
- 27. Harmony- vertical arrangement and simultaneous sound production of notes that blend into a chord is Dissonance- a harsh-sounding harmonic combination Consonance- a smooth-sounding harmonic combination
- 28. Timbre/Tone Color- sound quality or tone color; timbre is the characteristic that allows us to distinguish between one instrument and another Head Voice Nasal Voice Chest Voice
- 29. Idiophone (gong, cymbals, xylophone) Membranophone (drum) Chordophone (guitar, violin) Aerophone (flute) Electrophone (piano, electric guitar)
- 30. Form- overall structure of a musical composition Stropic Form (A) Binary (AB) Ternary (ABA)