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Benefits of encapsulation

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Muhammad Nawzir Khan

Encapsulation promotes maintenance and code reusability by controlling access to data and code. It is implemented by defining public interfaces and keeping data and non-essential operations private. Object-oriented programming provides advantages like clear modular structure, easy maintenance and modification of existing code, and reusable code libraries. Key concepts of OOP include objects, classes, abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Abstraction focuses on essential features while hiding background details, and encapsulation stores data and accessing functions together within a class.

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Benefits of Encapsulation In summary the benefits of encapsulation are: Encapsulation promotes maintenance Code changes can be made independently Increases usability And encapsulation is implemented with: Public interfaces controls of visibility of operations & state data is private / not accessible Advantages of OOP Object-Oriented Programming has the following advantages over conventional approaches: OOP provides a clear modular structure for programs which makes it good for defining abstract datatypes where implementation details are hidden and the unit has a clearly defined interface. OOP makes it easy to maintain and modify existing code as new objects can be created with small differences to existing ones. OOP provides a good framework for code libraries where supplied software components can be easily adapted and modified by the programmer. This is particularly useful for developing graphical user interfaces. Concepts of OOP: Objects Classes Data Abstraction and Encapsulation Inheritance Polymorphism Objects Objects are the basic run-time entities in an object-oriented system. Programming problem is analyzed in terms of objects and nature of communication between them. When a program is
executed, objects interact with each other by sending messages. Different objects can also interact with each other without knowing the details of their data or code. Classes A class is a collection of objects of similar type. Once a class is defined, any number of objects can be created which belong to that class. Data Abstraction and Encapsulation Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations. Classes use the concept of abstraction and are defined as a list of abstract attributes. Storing data and functions in a single unit (class) is encapsulation. Data cannot be accessible to the outside world and only those functions which are stored in the class can access it. Inheritance Inheritance is the process by which objects can acquire the properties of objects of other class. In OOP, inheritance provides reusability, like, adding additional features to an existing class without modifying it. This is achieved by deriving a new class from the existing one. The new class will have combined features of both the classes. Polymorphism Polymorphism means the ability to take more than one form. An operation may exhibit different behaviors in different instances. The behavior depends on the data types used in the operation. Polymorphism is extensively used in implementing Inheritance. http://www.saviost.net/object-oriented-programming-oop-encapsulation-inheritance- polymorphism-abstraction/ http://freshersjunction.blogspot.com/2015/03/what-is-encapsulation-real-time-example.html
Difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation :- Abstraction Encapsulation 1. Abstraction solves the problem in the design level. 1. Encapsulation solves the problem in the implementation level. 2. Abstraction is used for hiding the unwanted data and giving relevant data. 2. Encapsulation means hiding the code and data into a single unit to protect the data from outside world. 3. Abstraction lets you focus on what the object does instead of how it does it 3. Encapsulation means hiding the internal details or mechanics of how an object does something. 4. Abstraction- Outer layout, used in terms of design. For Example:- Outer Look of a Mobile Phone, like it has a display screen and keypad buttons to dial a number. 4. Encapsulation- Inner layout, used in terms of implementation. For Example:- Inner Implementation detail of a Mobile Phone, how keypad button and Display Screen are connect with each other using circuits. The easier way to understand Abstraction and encapsulation is as follows:- Real World Example:- Take an example of Mobile Phone:-
You have a Mobile Phone, you can dial a number using keypad buttons. Even you don't know how these are working internally. This is called Abstraction. You have the only information that is needed to dial a number. But not its internal working of mobile. But how the Mobile Phone internally working?, how keypad buttons are connected with internal circuit? is called Encapsulation. Summary: "Encapsulation is accomplished by using Class. - Keeping data and methods that accesses that data into a single unit" "Abstraction is accomplished by using Interface. - Just giving the abstract information about what it can do without specifying the back ground details" "Information/Data hiding is accomplished by using Modifiers - By keeping the instance variables private or protected."

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Benefits of encapsulation

  • 1. Benefits of Encapsulation In summary the benefits of encapsulation are: Encapsulation promotes maintenance Code changes can be made independently Increases usability And encapsulation is implemented with: Public interfaces controls of visibility of operations & state data is private / not accessible Advantages of OOP Object-Oriented Programming has the following advantages over conventional approaches: OOP provides a clear modular structure for programs which makes it good for defining abstract datatypes where implementation details are hidden and the unit has a clearly defined interface. OOP makes it easy to maintain and modify existing code as new objects can be created with small differences to existing ones. OOP provides a good framework for code libraries where supplied software components can be easily adapted and modified by the programmer. This is particularly useful for developing graphical user interfaces. Concepts of OOP: Objects Classes Data Abstraction and Encapsulation Inheritance Polymorphism Objects Objects are the basic run-time entities in an object-oriented system. Programming problem is analyzed in terms of objects and nature of communication between them. When a program is
  • 2. executed, objects interact with each other by sending messages. Different objects can also interact with each other without knowing the details of their data or code. Classes A class is a collection of objects of similar type. Once a class is defined, any number of objects can be created which belong to that class. Data Abstraction and Encapsulation Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations. Classes use the concept of abstraction and are defined as a list of abstract attributes. Storing data and functions in a single unit (class) is encapsulation. Data cannot be accessible to the outside world and only those functions which are stored in the class can access it. Inheritance Inheritance is the process by which objects can acquire the properties of objects of other class. In OOP, inheritance provides reusability, like, adding additional features to an existing class without modifying it. This is achieved by deriving a new class from the existing one. The new class will have combined features of both the classes. Polymorphism Polymorphism means the ability to take more than one form. An operation may exhibit different behaviors in different instances. The behavior depends on the data types used in the operation. Polymorphism is extensively used in implementing Inheritance. http://www.saviost.net/object-oriented-programming-oop-encapsulation-inheritance- polymorphism-abstraction/ http://freshersjunction.blogspot.com/2015/03/what-is-encapsulation-real-time-example.html
  • 3. Difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation :- Abstraction Encapsulation 1. Abstraction solves the problem in the design level. 1. Encapsulation solves the problem in the implementation level. 2. Abstraction is used for hiding the unwanted data and giving relevant data. 2. Encapsulation means hiding the code and data into a single unit to protect the data from outside world. 3. Abstraction lets you focus on what the object does instead of how it does it 3. Encapsulation means hiding the internal details or mechanics of how an object does something. 4. Abstraction- Outer layout, used in terms of design. For Example:- Outer Look of a Mobile Phone, like it has a display screen and keypad buttons to dial a number. 4. Encapsulation- Inner layout, used in terms of implementation. For Example:- Inner Implementation detail of a Mobile Phone, how keypad button and Display Screen are connect with each other using circuits. The easier way to understand Abstraction and encapsulation is as follows:- Real World Example:- Take an example of Mobile Phone:-
  • 4. You have a Mobile Phone, you can dial a number using keypad buttons. Even you don't know how these are working internally. This is called Abstraction. You have the only information that is needed to dial a number. But not its internal working of mobile. But how the Mobile Phone internally working?, how keypad buttons are connected with internal circuit? is called Encapsulation. Summary: "Encapsulation is accomplished by using Class. - Keeping data and methods that accesses that data into a single unit" "Abstraction is accomplished by using Interface. - Just giving the abstract information about what it can do without specifying the back ground details" "Information/Data hiding is accomplished by using Modifiers - By keeping the instance variables private or protected."