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Bio 130 natural history project

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Clint Shipley
Clint Shipley

The document discusses the white-tailed deer, a medium-sized herbivore native to North America. Male deer grow antlers annually which they use for mating and dominance displays. Does give birth in spring, usually to twins. Deer eat a variety of plants including grains, fruits, and acorns. They reach sexual maturity at 1.5 years and have a lifespan of 7-9 years in the wild. The document contains information on deer biology, behavior, habitat, and management.

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Clint Shipley
Native deer Most of the United States Southern Canada Mexico Recently introduced to Europe Smithsonian, 2013
Medium sized Male deer bucks Avg. weight 150 200 lbs. Female deer does Avg. weight 90 130 lbs. Shipley, 2013
Bucks grow antlers Antlers develop in early spring Calcium deposits/ true bone Covered in vascular tissue velvet while maturing Primarily used for sexual selection Shedding typically occurs mid-winter
Shipley, 2013
Protection Sexual Selection Dominance Shipley, 2013
Females enter estrus cycle in Oct/Nov. Referred to as the rut Bucks can lose up to 20% body weight Reach sexually maturity in 1.5 years Females give birth in May/June Typically deliver 2-3 fawns
Shipley, 2013
Herbivores Have multi-chambered stomachs Similar to other ruminants such as cattle/sheep Dairy Mom, 2011
Corn Soybeans Vicek, 2008 Grasses Life on the Edges, 2009 Acorns Fruit Bradford, 2006 Rayner, 2007
Reach sexual maturity in 1.5 yrs. Physically mature in 4.5 - 5.5 yrs. Regression begins at 7.5 8.5 yrs. Starvation
Small cattle farm Hardwoods Fields Liberty Reservoir
Google Earth, 2013
Google Earth, 2013
Google Earth, 2010
Shipley, 2013
Shipley, 2013
Dougherty, Craig. "Tracking the Whitetail Rut Trail Camera Photos | Outdoor Life." Outdoor Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.outdoorlife.com/photos/gallery/hunting/2012/12/tracking-whitetail-rut-trail-camera-photos>. Hewitt, David G. Biology and Management of White-tail Deer. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2011. Print. Miller, Karl V. "Deer Professor Karl V. Miller Answers Your Questions | Field & Stream." Field & Stream. N.p., 31 Aug. 2005. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.fieldandstream.com/node/57033>. Ryan, Will. "Creatures of Habitat | Field & Stream." Field & Stream. N.p., 25 Sept. 2013. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.fieldandstream.com/articles/hunting/deer-hunting/finding-deer-hunt/2013/09/creatures-habitat>. White-tailed Deer - Odocoileus Virginianus." White-tailed Deer. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/whitetaileddeer.htm>. "White-Tailed Deer." National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/white-tailed-deer/>. "Whitetails Unlimited - National Whitetail Deer Conservation Organization 損 RESOURCES." Whitetails Unlimited - National Whitetail Deer Conservation Organization 損 RESOURCES. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.whitetailsunlimited.com/resources/educational_booklets/session_dd8cad24e691/>.

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Bio 130 natural history project

  • 2. Native deer Most of the United States Southern Canada Mexico Recently introduced to Europe Smithsonian, 2013
  • 3. Medium sized Male deer bucks Avg. weight 150 200 lbs. Female deer does Avg. weight 90 130 lbs. Shipley, 2013
  • 4. Bucks grow antlers Antlers develop in early spring Calcium deposits/ true bone Covered in vascular tissue velvet while maturing Primarily used for sexual selection Shedding typically occurs mid-winter
  • 6. Protection Sexual Selection Dominance Shipley, 2013
  • 7. Females enter estrus cycle in Oct/Nov. Referred to as the rut Bucks can lose up to 20% body weight Reach sexually maturity in 1.5 years Females give birth in May/June Typically deliver 2-3 fawns
  • 9. Herbivores Have multi-chambered stomachs Similar to other ruminants such as cattle/sheep Dairy Mom, 2011
  • 10. Corn Soybeans Vicek, 2008 Grasses Life on the Edges, 2009 Acorns Fruit Bradford, 2006 Rayner, 2007
  • 11. Reach sexual maturity in 1.5 yrs. Physically mature in 4.5 - 5.5 yrs. Regression begins at 7.5 8.5 yrs. Starvation
  • 12. Small cattle farm Hardwoods Fields Liberty Reservoir
  • 18. Dougherty, Craig. "Tracking the Whitetail Rut Trail Camera Photos | Outdoor Life." Outdoor Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.outdoorlife.com/photos/gallery/hunting/2012/12/tracking-whitetail-rut-trail-camera-photos>. Hewitt, David G. Biology and Management of White-tail Deer. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2011. Print. Miller, Karl V. "Deer Professor Karl V. Miller Answers Your Questions | Field & Stream." Field & Stream. N.p., 31 Aug. 2005. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.fieldandstream.com/node/57033>. Ryan, Will. "Creatures of Habitat | Field & Stream." Field & Stream. N.p., 25 Sept. 2013. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.fieldandstream.com/articles/hunting/deer-hunting/finding-deer-hunt/2013/09/creatures-habitat>. White-tailed Deer - Odocoileus Virginianus." White-tailed Deer. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/whitetaileddeer.htm>. "White-Tailed Deer." National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/white-tailed-deer/>. "Whitetails Unlimited - National Whitetail Deer Conservation Organization 損 RESOURCES." Whitetails Unlimited - National Whitetail Deer Conservation Organization 損 RESOURCES. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2013. <http://www.whitetailsunlimited.com/resources/educational_booklets/session_dd8cad24e691/>.