Bio ethics

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This document discusses various topics in bioethics including stem cells, cloning, genetically modified organisms, and other current issues. It provides a timeline of major developments in biology, medicine, and bioethics from the 1860s to the present. It also examines controversies surrounding topics like maternal drug use during pregnancy, genetic modification of children, mandatory vaccines, genetically modified food, and selling organs for transplant.

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Bio Ethics
Timeline and
Controversies

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
What is Bio-Ethics?
? The study of the ethical and moral
implications of new biological
discoveries and biomedical
advances, as in the fields of genetic
engineering and drug research
? Examples?

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Why Bioethics?

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Current Bioethical Issues
? Check the local news paper
? Stem cells (state, national, international)
? Genetically Engineered Organisms
? Knowing your genes
? In vetro fertilization �C choosing your child's
genes and characteristics
? Chemicals exposures �C human health
? Environmental health

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
��The Commons��
The Tragedy of the Commons
By Garrett Hardin, Science, 1968

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
"Biology combined with diverse
humanistic knowledge forging a
science that sets a system of
medical and environmental
priorities for acceptable survival.��
Global Bioethics (1988)
Bioethics
-------- 1911 - 2001 --------
Van Rensselaer Potter

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
1860��s - Scientific method in medicine, Gregor Mendel
1928 - Penicillin discovered �C widely used WWII
1920��s - Lead in gasoline, lead in paint
1931 - 30 states had sterilization laws on books
1932 - Tuskegee syphilis study initiated
1947 - Nuremberg - The Doctors Trial
1952 - First open heart surgery & Chlorpromazine
1953 - Structure of DNA �C Watson & Crick
60��s - Thalidomide, mercury, chronic hemodialysis,
amniocentesis, informed consent, IRB��s
70��s - Hastings Center founded, bioethics defined,
Tuskegee noticed
Ethics and Science

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
1973 �C Roe V. Wade Unrestricted access to abortion
1978- First Test Tube ever born
80��s - Recombinant microorganism could be patented,
lead is harmful to developing brain
90��s - molecular biology, sequencing of human
genome (other species), Jurassic Park
1996- Dolly the sheep is the first Mammal ever cloned
00��s - US stem cell research restricted
2003- Human Genome project complete
? - Human cloned?
Ethics and Science

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Human Clones?
Are there human clones?
Yes �C Identical Twins
(Time 2.19.01)

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Cloning Defined
? What is cloning?
? Asexual reproduction
? Examples?
? Bacteria, fungus
? Plants �C cutting �C potato
? Farm animals

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Cloning Dolly
1997 - 2003
(Roslin Institute http://www.roslin.ac.uk/library/)

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Cloning A Sheep
(Roslin Institute http://www.roslin.ac.uk/library/)

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
IVF �C In Vitro Fertilization
? Baby conceived in a test tube and
implanted in a Uterus
? Available since 1986
? About 100,000 IVF kids in U.S.
? Often creates extra embryos some
would like to use for Stem Cell
research.
? U.S. - About 400,000 frozen embryos
(unregulated)
? England �C 52,000 (regulated by
government)

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Controversies:
Should a mother be legally liable for
drinking or doing drugs while
pregnant? This of course would
cause harm to their unborn child.
Opinion?

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Controversies:
? Should you be allowed to genetically
modify your children before they are
born to prevent disease?
? What about to change eye color,
make them taller, stronger, smarter,
better behaved?
? Opinion:

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Controversies:
? Should college students be forced to
get the meningitis vaccine?
? Opinion

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Controversies:
? Should food and chemical corporations
genetically modify food to yield more
product, make food more nutritious, or
make food taste better? Would you eat
this food?
? Opinion

Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05
Controversies:
? Should people be allowed to sell their
extra kidney or a portion of their liver to
a person in need of a transplant? This is
currently illegal
? Opinion

Everyone has heard of stem cells and the biomedical revolution they herald, but what are these cells, and what should we make of them? Does China have a different ethical framework for valuing unborn life? Western politicians have warned against the growing reliance on China for embryonic and fetal stem cell research. In truth, what scientists mean by 'stem cells' is changing so fast that even they have trouble keeping up. Jack Price and Margaret Sleeboom-Faulkner will explore the complex nature of stem cell research in China. Jack Price trained at the Open University, UCL and MIT. He is Professor of Developmental Neurobiology and Director of the Centre for the Cellular Basis of Behaviour at the Institute of Psychiatry, King��s College London. He also acts as Consultant for ReNeuron Ltd, a UK biotech company developing stem cell therapeutics. In 2004, he led the UK government Global Watch Stem Cell Mission to China and the Far East. He has worked on brain stem cells for about 25 years.

Stem cell research pp final v2dannyvasquezrn

This document discusses stem cell research and the various ethical dilemmas posed. It addresses the different sources of stem cells, how the issue affects global health given variations in international policy, and how U.S. health policy currently allows federal funding for certain types of research. U.S. policy is compared to international approaches. The document advocates that audiences consider promoting stem cell research given the potential medical benefits, while preventing human cloning and embryo farming.

Stem Cells Dsi 2010 2011daniellemnicholson

This document provides information about a stem cell research and ethics workshop including an overview of the All-Ireland Secondary School Debate competition on biomedical science issues sponsored by the Wellcome Trust. It discusses why debating science issues is important to encourage active interest in research and careers in science. The organization of the competition is described involving group workshops, preparation for debates, and provincial heats. Background information is given on stem cell science including what stem cells are, where they are found, their unique ability to self-renew and differentiate, and different sources of embryonic stem cells including surplus IVF embryos and therapeutic cloning. The debate around stem cell research ethics is mentioned as having varying stances between countries requiring continued respectful dialogue and understanding of scientific

Castanon, Amaris- Ethics Final PosterAmaris Castanon

This document discusses the ethical debates around human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research. It outlines different cultural and ethical perspectives that lead countries to have varying policies on hESC research. Some countries have restrictive policies and prohibit embryo research, while others allow research on leftover IVF embryos or embryos specifically created through IVF or somatic cell nuclear transfer. The document also examines ethical theories like divine command theory, rights-based theory, modern natural law theory and consequentialism/utilitarianism that underlie different positions. While hESC research is controversial from an ethical standpoint, a utilitarian perspective that considers its potential medical benefits has allowed more scientific progress than restrictive views. An ongoing dialogue is important to find compromises.

Stem cell research becgRahul Caprio

This document discusses stem cell research and the ethical issues surrounding it. It begins by defining stem cells and their potential uses and then outlines the main ethical problems, which center around the fact that embryonic stem cells require the destruction of embryos. It also discusses stem cell research from business and economic perspectives, noting the large potential market but also that moral issues could slow growth. Potential solutions proposed include outlawing embryonic stem cells and using alternative cell types, or defining when human life begins to provide ethical guidelines. The document also notes vulnerable groups in research and potential uses of stem cells.

Stem-cell therapy in medicine�Chow far we came and what we can expect?Apollo Hospitals

The name ��stem-cell�� is making the news in recent times both for good and not. The current articles tries to give a snap shot of the scientific and clinical picture of stem-cells in medicine as of today and discuss what it have to offer in the to the mankind. The article discusses the characters and types of stem-cells, their current indication in therapeutics (both established and upcoming), as well as their use in research. It also gives a brief overview of the current laws guiding its use in clinical practice and the various cultural beliefs associated with the use of same.

Stem cell therapy in cleft lip and palate Pratishtha Shashi Kumar

1) The document discusses using mesenchymal stem cells for alveolar bone tissue engineering to reconstruct the bone defect in cleft lip and palate patients. 2) A clinical trial was conducted with 5 patients where stem cells from deciduous dental pulp were combined with a collagen and hydroxyapatite biomaterial and grafted into the alveolar cleft region. 3) Primary outcomes included quantitative analysis using CT scans to measure bone formation before and after surgery, and qualitative analysis to observe canine eruption through the regenerated bone.

Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell ResearchSubathraPandiarajan

Bioethics, Stem Cells & CloningPriscillahchu

This document discusses stem cells, cloning, and bioethics. It provides background on influential figures in bioethics like Aldo Leopold and Van Rensselaer Potter. It covers current issues related to stem cells, cloning, genetic engineering, and environmental health. The document outlines the history of stem cell research and cloning, including the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. It explains techniques for stem cell cultivation and nuclear transfer. Overall, the document aims to inform readers about modern bioethical issues emerging at the intersection of biology, biotechnology and medicine.

6. stem cellssophiespyrou

Stem cells have the ability to divide and differentiate into different cell types, making them useful for research and medical therapies. There are ethical issues surrounding stem cell research, depending on the source of stem cells. Stem cells can be obtained from embryos, umbilical cord blood, and adult tissues, with differing properties and therapeutic potential. While stem cell therapies may help treat currently incurable diseases, the use of embryonic stem cells is controversial due to arguments that the embryo represents nascent human life. The benefits of therapies must be weighed against any risks.

Review paper presentationSara Camille

This document discusses the potential use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from fibroblasts for treating Parkinson's disease. It summarizes that iPSCs can be generated from adult fibroblasts through retroviral transduction of specific transcription factors. One study discussed found that when neurons derived from reprogrammed mouse fibroblasts were transplanted into a rat model of Parkinson's, they functionally integrated into the brain and improved motor symptoms. The document concludes that while iPSC-derived cells show promise for treating Parkinson's, more research is still needed to address safety issues before applying this technique to humans.

Stem Cells and Regenerative MedicineDavid Coradin

The use of stem cells in office procedures as the practice of medicine is commercializing in the USA, there are risks that arise because of this, but there are also benefits that are possible. Regulation is needed, but barring an MD and its patient from these procedures simply pushes them outside of the country or into incognito modes. This is where true danger arises, a path to expeditiously and ethically practice should be established where the patient consent is true, and the doctor is enhanced in his practice rather than tied down.

Ethics/Biomedical Research Stem CellsJennifer Reynolds, Healthcare Administration

Team A presented to the Bioethics Committee at Northwestern University on stem cell research. The presentation covered the history and current state of stem cell research, potential medical and environmental benefits, and some of the ethical issues associated with stem cell research including consent and the societal impacts. The future of medicine may be transformed by stem cell research which could potentially be used to repair damaged tissues and treat many diseases. Northwestern University must obtain stem cells for research with extreme integrity and protect donor interests to reassure the public and enable participation despite ethical concerns.

Ethical Issues in Developmental Biology ResearchTolulope Arogundade

This document discusses several ethical issues in developmental biology research. It begins with definitions of key terms like ethics, bioethics, and developmental biology. It then outlines several tensions in the field including the use of human biological material for research, human reproductive technologies, determining the onset of human life, and creating human-animal hybrids. The document examines these issues in more depth providing examples of stem cell research, cloning, and assisted reproductive technologies. It considers ethical perspectives on these topics and concludes that the ends and means of science require ethical oversight to guide research in this important area.

Stem cell ethics 06pharmdude

This document summarizes the ethical and scientific issues surrounding the use of human stem cells. It discusses the different types of stem cells, the history and potential uses of stem cell research, and perspectives from various religious traditions. Key ethical principles in bioethics like beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice are also examined in the context of stem cell research.

Embryonic stem cells �C Promises and IssuesTania Jabin

Introduction, Embryonic Stem Cells, Promises of Embryonic Stem cell research, Figure: The Promise of Stem Cell Research, Issues in Embryonic Stem cells - ? New embryonic stem cell lines from frozen embryos ? Informed consent for donation of materials for stem cell research ? Waiver of consent ? Consent from gamete donors ? Confidentiality of donor information ? Ethical concerns about oocyte donation for research (1. Medical risks of oocyte retrieval, 2. Protecting the reproductive interests of women in infertility treatment, 3. Payment to oocyte donors, 4. Informed consent for oocyte donation).

Islamic perspectives on stem cellAhmad Sulong

This document discusses Islamic perspectives on stem cell research and transplantation. It outlines arguments against using embryonic stem cells due to concerns that the embryo is a human and should not be harmed. It also notes that embryonic stem cells are a source of ethical controversy as obtaining them involves denying the potential for life. The document discusses permissible sources of stem cells according to a fatwa, including adults with consent, placenta or umbilical cord blood with parental permission, and excess IVF embryos donated by parents. Induced pluripotent stem cells are also mentioned as an alternative that does not require embryonic tissue.

Stem cell ResearchSatarupa Deb

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and divide to produce more stem cells. There are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells which are derived from embryos and are flexible but difficult to differentiate uniformly, and adult stem cells which are found in tissues like bone marrow and umbilical cord and are not immunogenic but limited in quantity. Stem cells have the potential to treat diseases by replacing damaged cells and can be used to study disease development.

Pavithra Stem cell biologyPavithra Balakrishnan

This document discusses the various public, legal, scientific, religious, and ethical views and approaches regarding stem cell research. It outlines the main ethical issues that arise during different phases of stem cell research, such as donation of biological materials, destruction of embryos, and risks of clinical trials. It also examines the ethical debates around specific types of stem cell research like embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, fetal stem cells, and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The document emphasizes the need for institutional oversight committees to properly review stem cell research proposals and ensure ethical standards are followed.

Why Athletes Need Genetic EnhancementUniversity of Salford, Manchester

This document discusses several issues relating to the use of genetic testing and human enhancement technologies in sports. It notes that as gene transfer techniques develop, their integration into health enhancement will increase. Several organizations have discussed the ethical issues around gene doping and performance enhancement in sports over the past decade. While some forms of enhancement may be acceptable, current experimental technologies cannot be used for enhancement due to risks and lack of efficacy evidence. The document examines questions around the selection of athletes, privacy, discrimination, conflicts of interest, and what constitutes an ethical and responsible use of genetic information in sports.

Stem Cells - Ethics �ݺ�ߣshow - Biotechnologysamkang101

The document discusses the ethics of stem cell research. It explains that stem cells can become specialized cells and have potential medical uses but obtaining embryonic stem cells requires destroying embryos, raising ethical issues. Potential solutions are debated such as only using induced stem cells, banning research, or limited embryonic stem cell use with preference for induced cells. The author's opinion is that a limited use of embryonic stem cells balanced with induced cell research allows scientific progress while addressing ethical concerns.

Controversy with embryonic stem cell researchJONATHAN RAMIREZ

A cell is the basic unit of life, and there are two main types of stem cells: embryonic and adult. Embryonic stem cells can become any type of tissue or organ, while adult stem cells are more limited. Scientists want to advance embryonic stem cell research for potential medical benefits, as these cells can renew themselves and adapt to their environment. However, this research is politically and ethically controversial. Former President Bush allowed only limited funding and Clinton revised related policies. Religions like Catholicism believe life begins at conception, while some Muslims permit research that benefits humanity if it does not question God. The document discusses these perspectives and debates regarding embryonic stem cell research.

Jasmine stem cells researchrsbkh

This document provides an overview of stem cell research, including: the benefits of using stem cells to treat conditions like Parkinson's and diabetes; the debate around obtaining stem cells from embryos, as it requires destroying the embryo; and the various ethical, social, and political issues surrounding the research. Procedurally, stem cells can be obtained from embryos created through IVF or from adult tissues. The science behind stem cells involves isolating the inner cell mass of an embryo to produce a stem cell line. There are differing views on the moral status of embryos and whether stem cell research should be federally funded.

SC_Adv_researchpharmdude

This document provides an overview of stem cell research, including: 1) It defines embryonic and adult stem cells, and their potential uses in research and therapies. 2) It describes how embryonic stem cells are harvested from the inner cell mass of blastocysts and cultured, and the challenges of doing so. 3) It discusses the debate around stem cell research in the US and other countries, noting both support and restrictions on the use of embryonic stem cells and human cloning.

Stem cell research and cloning the poet009515phanduycuong

This document is an introduction to a book about stem cell research and cloning. It provides background on the two main controversies surrounding embryonic stem cell research: that it involves destroying human embryos, and that alternatives may be better. It also discusses therapeutic cloning, which creates genetically identical human embryos for research and is very controversial. The introduction aims to present balanced arguments on both sides of these issues.

Stem Cell Ethics C Russo

This document discusses the ethical dilemma around stem cell research. It presents arguments for and against stem cell research by exploring the similarities and differences between embryonic and adult stem cells. The main ethical issue is that embryonic stem cell research requires the destruction of early embryos, raising questions around when life begins and the moral status of embryos. The debate centers on balancing the duty to prevent suffering through medical advances against the duty to respect potential human life. Students consider both sides of this issue through a video and debate activity.

Embryonic stem cell researchLee Kemp

This document discusses embryonic stem cell research, including the science behind it, the controversy, and alternatives. It explains that embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated cells derived from embryos that can differentiate into specialized cells. While this provides potential medical benefits, it also raises ethical issues regarding the status of embryos. The document outlines perspectives from both supporters and opponents and discusses moving forward to resolve the related ethical and legal questions.

Stem Cells Pros And ConsHelp Writing Papers Grand Forks

Stem cell research offers promising medical applications but also raises ethical concerns. Potential pros include developing treatments for conditions like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. However, obtaining embryonic stem cells requires destroying embryos, which some believe ends a human life. Additionally, stem cell therapies are still experimental and may have safety issues. Overall, the debate centers on balancing medical progress with ethical considerations around human dignity and life.

Oxford2005 (1)t7260678

This document discusses human reproductive cloning and presents arguments in favor of it. It summarizes studies that have cloned human cells into cow eggs, achieving embryonic development. It acknowledges criticisms of cloning but argues that cloning research in animals has achieved high success rates. The document urges that public hostility towards human cloning may be unfounded and that cloning could help infertile patients have biologically-related children. Overall, it aims to make the case that human reproductive cloning should be pursued as a treatment option and that the choice to clone belongs to individuals, not others.

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Oxford2005 (1)t7260678

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1. The document discusses human reproductive cloning and whether it should be pursued as a way to help infertile patients have biologically related children. 2. Studies showed that cloning techniques developed for animals can be applied to human cells, successfully generating human-animal hybrid embryos. 3. However, critics argue that cloning is inefficient and risky, and may produce unhealthy offspring, while proponents counter that success rates are improving and critics misrepresent facts.

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This document discusses human reproductive cloning and presents arguments in favor of it. It summarizes studies that have cloned human cells into cow eggs, achieving embryonic development. It acknowledges criticisms of cloning but argues that cloning research in animals has achieved high success rates. The document urges that people who are infertile deserve the option of cloning to have genetically related children. However, it does not claim to have cloned a human being.

Oxford2005t7260678

1. The document discusses human reproductive cloning and whether it should be pursued as a way to help infertile patients have biologically related children. 2. Studies showed that cloning techniques developed for animals can be applied to human cells, successfully generating human-animal hybrid embryos. 3. However, critics argue that cloning is inefficient and unsafe, and may produce unhealthy offspring, while proponents counter that success rates are improving and critics misrepresent facts. 4. The debate centers around whether infertile patients should have the right to attempt cloning to have biological children, or if it is too experimental and risky.

Animal CloningMaria Fatima Parro

This document provides information about animal cloning, including its history, processes, examples of cloned animals, and ethical issues. It discusses the three main types of cloning - reproductive cloning, gene cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Reproductive cloning aims to produce genetically identical copies of animals and was used to create Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell. While cloning may help protect endangered species and improve livestock, it also raises ethical concerns about technical safety, personal identity, and the commercialization of life.

Expended definitionMariam Ekizyan

This document provides a definition and overview of cloning for non-technical readers. Cloning is a biological process that creates genetically identical DNA, cells, tissues or organisms through asexual reproduction. There are three main types of cloning: reproductive cloning creates animals with the same DNA as a donor, therapeutic cloning creates human embryos for stem cell research, and genetic cloning produces multiple copies of a single gene. Cloning technologies are used in agriculture, medicine, and research to study genetics and develop modified organisms, though cloning still has limitations.

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Cloning and bioethicsRsguru Rs

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Stem cell research ProjectKartikeya Singh

Stem cells are cells that can develop into different types of cells in the body. They have the potential to repair damaged tissues and cells. The history of stem cell research began in the 1970s with bone marrow transplants. Present research focuses on umbilical cord stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Potential applications include regenerative medicine, drug development, and treatments for conditions like cancer, diabetes, and arthritis. Challenges include ethical issues surrounding embryo use and the need for more research to understand mechanisms fully.

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This document discusses the ethics of embryo research and human cloning. It provides background on embryo research, stem cells, and different types of cloning. Some key ethical issues discussed are the moral status of embryos, commercialization of research, and risks. Views on these topics from organizations like WHO and UNESCO are presented. The document also includes a questionnaire given to students on their views. In the end, it summarizes that while ethical issues must be considered, therapeutic cloning and gene cloning could be allowed with proper rules, but human reproductive cloning remains banned.

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This document discusses the ethical issues surrounding animal cloning. It begins by providing background on the progress of animal cloning science, including the cloning of many species. It then examines the ethical issues raised by animal cloning. Specifically, it analyzes arguments against animal cloning based on their consequences, such as the pain and suffering endured by animals during cloning procedures and health problems in cloned animals. It also considers deontological arguments regarding issues like playing God and commodifying animals. The document provides an overview of the complex ethical terrain surrounding the various motivations and applications of animal cloning technology.

Human Cloningzakir2012

The document discusses the history and process of cloning. It begins by summarizing Dr. Ian Wilmut's successful cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. It then provides a timeline of cloning experiments dating back to the 1930s involving frogs, mice, and sheep. The technique used to clone Dolly involved fusing the nucleus of an adult mammary cell into an egg cell with its nucleus removed. The cloned embryo was then implanted into a surrogate mother sheep, resulting in the birth of Dolly. The document discusses both the potential benefits and ethical concerns regarding human cloning.

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Oxford2005t7260678

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Bio ethics

1. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Bio Ethics Timeline and Controversies

2. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 What is Bio-Ethics? ? The study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and biomedical advances, as in the fields of genetic engineering and drug research ? Examples?

3. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Why Bioethics?

4. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Current Bioethical Issues ? Check the local news paper ? Stem cells (state, national, international) ? Genetically Engineered Organisms ? Knowing your genes ? In vetro fertilization �C choosing your child's genes and characteristics ? Chemicals exposures �C human health ? Environmental health

5. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 ��The Commons�� The Tragedy of the Commons By Garrett Hardin, Science, 1968

6. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 "Biology combined with diverse humanistic knowledge forging a science that sets a system of medical and environmental priorities for acceptable survival.�� Global Bioethics (1988) Bioethics -------- 1911 - 2001 -------- Van Rensselaer Potter

7. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 1860��s - Scientific method in medicine, Gregor Mendel 1928 - Penicillin discovered �C widely used WWII 1920��s - Lead in gasoline, lead in paint 1931 - 30 states had sterilization laws on books 1932 - Tuskegee syphilis study initiated 1947 - Nuremberg - The Doctors Trial 1952 - First open heart surgery & Chlorpromazine 1953 - Structure of DNA �C Watson & Crick 60��s - Thalidomide, mercury, chronic hemodialysis, amniocentesis, informed consent, IRB��s 70��s - Hastings Center founded, bioethics defined, Tuskegee noticed Ethics and Science

8. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 1973 �C Roe V. Wade Unrestricted access to abortion 1978- First Test Tube ever born 80��s - Recombinant microorganism could be patented, lead is harmful to developing brain 90��s - molecular biology, sequencing of human genome (other species), Jurassic Park 1996- Dolly the sheep is the first Mammal ever cloned 00��s - US stem cell research restricted 2003- Human Genome project complete ? - Human cloned? Ethics and Science

9. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Human Clones? Are there human clones? Yes �C Identical Twins (Time 2.19.01)

10. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Cloning Defined ? What is cloning? ? Asexual reproduction ? Examples? ? Bacteria, fungus ? Plants �C cutting �C potato ? Farm animals

11. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Cloning Dolly 1997 - 2003 (Roslin Institute http://www.roslin.ac.uk/library/)

12. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Cloning A Sheep (Roslin Institute http://www.roslin.ac.uk/library/)

13. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 IVF �C In Vitro Fertilization ? Baby conceived in a test tube and implanted in a Uterus ? Available since 1986 ? About 100,000 IVF kids in U.S. ? Often creates extra embryos some would like to use for Stem Cell research. ? U.S. - About 400,000 frozen embryos (unregulated) ? England �C 52,000 (regulated by government)

14. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Controversies: Should a mother be legally liable for drinking or doing drugs while pregnant? This of course would cause harm to their unborn child. Opinion?

15. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Controversies: ? Should you be allowed to genetically modify your children before they are born to prevent disease? ? What about to change eye color, make them taller, stronger, smarter, better behaved? ? Opinion:

16. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Controversies: ? Should college students be forced to get the meningitis vaccine? ? Opinion

17. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Controversies: ? Should food and chemical corporations genetically modify food to yield more product, make food more nutritious, or make food taste better? Would you eat this food? ? Opinion

18. Stem Cells & Cloning 3/23/05 Controversies: ? Should people be allowed to sell their extra kidney or a portion of their liver to a person in need of a transplant? This is currently illegal ? Opinion

Editor's Notes

#10: Every cell contains a complete copy of ��the blueprint of life�� DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides - 4 bases (A,G,T,C) 23 pairs of chromosomes If unwound and tied together, human DNA in one cell would stretch ~ 5 feet, but would be only 50 trillionths of an inch wide! Genes are specific sequences of DNA, each of which ��codes�� for a protein with a specific function Genes are copied each time a cell divides, passing on the blueprint
#11: Every cell contains a complete copy of ��the blueprint of life�� DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides - 4 bases (A,G,T,C) 23 pairs of chromosomes If unwound and tied together, human DNA in one cell would stretch ~ 5 feet, but would be only 50 trillionths of an inch wide! Genes are specific sequences of DNA, each of which ��codes�� for a protein with a specific function Genes are copied each time a cell divides, passing on the blueprint
#12: Every cell contains a complete copy of ��the blueprint of life�� DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides - 4 bases (A,G,T,C) 23 pairs of chromosomes If unwound and tied together, human DNA in one cell would stretch ~ 5 feet, but would be only 50 trillionths of an inch wide! Genes are specific sequences of DNA, each of which ��codes�� for a protein with a specific function Genes are copied each time a cell divides, passing on the blueprint
#13: Every cell contains a complete copy of ��the blueprint of life�� DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides - 4 bases (A,G,T,C) 23 pairs of chromosomes If unwound and tied together, human DNA in one cell would stretch ~ 5 feet, but would be only 50 trillionths of an inch wide! Genes are specific sequences of DNA, each of which ��codes�� for a protein with a specific function Genes are copied each time a cell divides, passing on the blueprint
#14: Every cell contains a complete copy of ��the blueprint of life�� DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides - 4 bases (A,G,T,C) 23 pairs of chromosomes If unwound and tied together, human DNA in one cell would stretch ~ 5 feet, but would be only 50 trillionths of an inch wide! Genes are specific sequences of DNA, each of which ��codes�� for a protein with a specific function Genes are copied each time a cell divides, passing on the blueprint

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