Biological science(cell)
Download as PPTX, PDF
9 likes981 views
The document describes the key parts and functions of human, plant, and bacterial cells. It identifies 11 main parts of the human cell: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, centrosome, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and vacuoles. Each part is described in terms of its structure and function, such as the plasma membrane providing a boundary and selective permeability, the nucleus containing genetic material, and mitochondria generating energy through cellular respiration. The objective is to understand the differences between human, plant, and bacterial cells and explain the roles of organelles within human cells.
Biological science(cell)
- 1. Biological Science Cell By Ki Po Yi Veronica
- 2. Objective To find out the difference between human cell, plant cell and bacterial cell To identify the main parts of human cell To explain the function of parts of human cell
- 3. Definition of cell Cell Prokaryotic cell Bacterial cell Eukaryotic cell Plant cellHuman cell
- 4. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell Bacterial cell Human cell Plant cell
- 5. Parts of the human cell
- 6. Parts of the human cell(1) -Plasma membrane(1) Structure: consists are arranged in 2 parallel rows: -hydrophilic -hydrophobic Function: -Provide a flexible boundary -contact with other body cells or with foreign cells or substance -provide receptors for chemicals -selective permeability
- 7. Parts of the human cell(1) -Plasma membrane(2)
- 8. Parts of the human cell(2) -Cytoplasm Structure: -jelly-like substance Function: -Provide support, shape, involved the movement of structure -Hold all the organelles -Chemical reaction are taken place -Transportation
- 9. Parts of the human cell(3) -Nucleus, nuclear membrane Structure: -Large structure in the cell Nuclear membrane: double membrane Nucleoli: do not contain a membrane, are composed of protein, DNA, RNA Function: -Contain hereditary factor
- 10. Parts of the human cell(4) -Centrosome Structure: -9 triplet clusters of microtubules arranged in a circular pattern Function: -A role in cell reproduction
- 11. Parts of the human cell (5) -Ribosome Structure: -Compose of a type of RNA: ribosomal RNA and specific ribosomal protein -Free ribosome: no attachment to other parts of cell Function: -Site of protein synthesis -Free ribosome -Other: attach to endoplasmic reticulum
- 12. Parts of the human cell(6) -Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Structure: -Double membrane -Rough ER -Smooth ER Function -contribution to mechanical support and distribution of the cytoplasm -involved in the intracellular exchange of materials with the cytoplasm -provide a surface area for chemical reactions -intracellular transportation system -Rough ER: protein synthesis -Smooth ER: lipid synthesis
- 13. Parts of the human cell(7) -Golgi complex Structure: Cisternae: composed of stacks of membrane-bound structure Function: -Process, package, deliver protein to various parts of the cell -associate with lipid secretion
- 14. Parts of the human cell(8) -Mitochondria Structure: -rod-shape -double membrane -outer mitochondrial membrane is smooth -inner mitochondrial membrane is arranged in a series of fold called cristae -matrix Function: -power house -cellular respiration
- 15. Parts of the human cell(9) -Lysosome Structure: -Formed from Golgi complex and have a single membrane -contain powerful digestive enzyme capable of breaking down many kinds of molecule Function: -Digest the solid material contained in phagocytic vesicles -extracellular digestion -Autophagy
- 16. Parts of the human cell(10) -Peroxisomes Structure: -similar in structure to lysosomes, but smaller Function: -catalase: break down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
- 17. Parts of the human cell(11) -Vacuole Structure: -few small/ no vacuole Function: -contain water and dissolved substance, food, enzyme
- 18. Reference: Gerard J Tortora The cellular level of organization,Principles of anatomy and Physiology, sixth edition(1990) www.doabrown.info/page20/AQAAscibic21.htm http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Nucleolus