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GROUP NO. VI
Laraib Imran
Zartasha Rubab
Muhammad Hasan

OUTLINE
? Biometrics Definition
? How Biometrics works ?
? Biometrics Importance
? Biometrics History
? Biometrics Characteristics
? Physiological Biometrics
? Behavioral Biometrics
? Applications of Biometric
? Future prospects of Biometrics
? Advantages & Disadvantages of Biometrics
? Conclusion

BIOMETRICS
biometrics refers to technologies that measure and
analyze human body characteristics, such as DNA,
fingerprints, eye retinas and irises, voice patterns, facial
patterns and hand measurements, for authentication
purposes.

HOW BIOMETRICS WORKS ?
? Enrollment
The data to be verified is recorded and
scanning is done
? Representation
The recorded data is converted into a digital
representation and stored as a numerical template

HOW BIOMETRICS WORKS ?
? Matching
The questioned data
is compared to the stored
numerical template
? Verification /
Identification
In verification,
an image is matched to only
one image in the data base

BIOMETRICS IMPORTANCE
? The security is needed in every
place
? Alleviate the existing problems, Like those which
can be taken, stolen, borrowed or even forgotten

BIOMETRICS IMPORTANCE
? Improves convenience, security, and privacy
? The first and most critical link in the security
chain
? Presented to counteract security
threats

BIOMETRICS HISTORY
? The word ��biometrics�� is derived from the Greek
words
? Bio which means (Life)
? Metric means (to measure)
? The first known example of biometrics is practice
was a form of finger printing being used in China in
the 14th century, as reported by explorer Joao de
Barros

BIOMETRICS HISTORY
? in 1980s, ��Bertillonage�� created a method of bodily
measurement with the criminals who repeated the
crimes with different names and looks.
? After this, finger printing, which was developed by
Richard Henry of Scotland Yard.

BIOMETRICS
CHARACTERISTICS
There are 2 types of characteristics
1) Physiological Biometric
2) Behavioral Biometrics

PHYSIOLOGICAL BIOMETRICS
FINGER PRINT RECOGNISATION
Fingerprint recognition is the identification by
using patterns of friction ridges and valleys on
an individual��s fingertips which are unique to
that individual
? Estimate orientation with edge detection

HAND GEOMETRY
Hand or Finger geometry is an automated measurement
of many dimensions of the hand and fingers

IRIS RECOGNITION
Its scanning measure the iris pattern in the colored part
of the eye

FACE RECOGNITION
?Capture image
? Find face in image
? Extract Features
? Computer templates
? Declare Matches

DNA RECOGNITION
? Forensic genetics use ��deoxyribonucleic acid�� DNA
profiling in a number of human identity application
? 0.01% entire genome is unique
? 3 million base pairs of DNA
? 95% of human genome are junk DNA

BEHAVIORAL BIOMETRICS
KEYSTROKE DYNAMICS
Keystroke dynamics is an automated method of
examining an individual keystones on a keyboard
The technology examines such dynamics
as speed and pressure, the total time taken to type
particular words, and time elapsed between hitting
certain keys

SIGNATURE VERIFICATION
An automated method of measuring an individual's
Signature
This technology examines speed, direction and pressure
of writing

VOICE RECOGNITION
Voice recognition uses vocal characteristics to
identify individuals using a pass-phrase
A telephone or microphone can serve as a sensor

APPLICATIONS OF BIOMETRICS
? Access Control
? Disney World
(fingerprint scanner)
? Child day care center
(hand geometry system)

? Time and attendance management
? Hospitals
(hand geometry system)
? Airports
? Heathrow airport
(iris recognition)

? ATMs
(face recognition)
? Cellular Phones
(fingerprint recognition)

? Prisons
Fujitsu has developed a mouse that can verify a
person��s identity by recognizing his pattern of blood
veins
(blood veins recognition)

? SIM Card Verification
verify your SIM card
(fingerprints)

? Pc access
? GM & Hz to protect computer
facility
(voice identification)
? Computers
there are so many locks that use
different biometrics such as vein, voice, hand
printing, iris and face etc.

FUTURE PROSPECTS OF
BIOMETRICS
Biometry is one of the most promising and life-
alternating technologist in existence today. It is all set
to change the way we live in the future.
Some of the emerging biometrics technologies in the
near future are
? Ear shape identification
? Body odor identification
? Body salinity identification
? DNA matching

FUTURE PROSPECTS OF
BIOMETRICS
? Teeth, nail bed structure
identification
? Blood pulses recognition
? More accurate home-use
system
? opt-in club memberships
? Biometric Time clocks
? Biometric Pc��s more security

ADVANTAGES OF BIOMETRICS
1) Uniqueness
2) Universality
3) Permanence
4) Measurability
5) User friendliness
6) Accuracy
7) comfort

DISADVANTAGES OF
BIOMETRICS
1) Costly
2) Facial imaging can also hinder
accurate identification
3) Missing body part problem
4) False acceptances & rejections

DISADVANTAGES OF
BIOMETRICS
5) The amount of comfort
6) The scanning of eye is fearful
7) The nervousness that
people feel about the
scanner identification

CONCLUSION
? Biometrics is an emerging area with
many opportunities for growth
? Possibility in the near future, you will
not have to remember PINs and
passwords and keys in your bags and
pockets will be thing in the past
? The field of biometric is evolving , It
increases both privacy & convinces

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biometrics

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