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Blackhole

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Harshil Zaveri

This document provides information about black holes from an engineering physics course. It contains the following key points: 1) A black hole is a region of space where the gravitational field is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. It is formed when a massive star collapses under its own gravity. 2) Around a black hole is an event horizon, which marks the point of no return. Beyond this, not even light can escape the black hole's gravitational pull. 3) There are several theories about how black holes form, but most commonly it is believed they are formed when a massive star over 3 times the sun's mass reaches the end of its life and collapses.

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Engineering Physics 2110015 Topic: Black Hole Guided By: Prof. Sanket Thakor Branch : Mechanical Engineering Div: L-3
Group of the Students Students name and Enrollment No. Harshil Zaveri (130120119251)
A black hole is a region of space from which nothing, not even light can escape. It is the result of the deformation of space time caused by a very compact mass. Around a black hole there is an undetectable surface which marks the point of no return, called an event horizon. It is called black because it absorbs all the light that hits it, reflecting nothing, just like a perfect black body in thermodynamics. It works similarly as a black body works in quantum mechanics.
Event horizon
There are many theories to that question. Most common theory is where a colossal star with a mass of more than 3 times the Suns reaches the end of its life, gets crushed under its own gravity, leaving behind a compact black hole. When a gignatic star reaches the final stage of its life and is about to go supernova, it spends all the nuclear fuel by then. So it stops burning and heating up and cannot create the nuclear energy required to feed the star.
Blackhole
The black hole is surrounded by an event horizon which is the sphere from which light cannot escape The distance between the black hole and its event horizon is the Schwarzschild radius (RSch= 2GM/c2) The center of the black hole is a point of infinite density and zero volume, called a singularity
How Black hole look alike? 8
9 1915: Einsteins Theory of Gravity predicted the possibility of black holes, but no one believed they actually existed! 1967: Term Black Hole coined 1970s: Convincing evidence that black holes are real Today: NASA space telescopes have discovered evidence for black holes throughout the universe Albert Einstein
10 What did Einstein say about Gravity? Mass distorts space - curving it Objects and light moving near the massive object are forced to take a curved path around the object. Just like the Moon orbiting Earth. Images courtesy of Professor Gabor Kunstatter, University of Winnipeg
11 How much would you weigh? On Earth, lets say you weigh 150 lbs. On the Moon, youd weigh 25 lbs. On Jupiter, youd weigh 350 lbs. On the Sun, youd weigh 4,000 lbs. Near a Black Hole, youd weigh over 20 TRILLON POUNDS !!!
12 Where do black holes come from? Three classifications of black holes: Stellar-mass: 3 to 20 times the mass of our Sun Supermassive: Black holes with millions to billions of times the mass of our Sun Mid-mass: In between stellar-mass and supermassive
13 Stellar-mass: Black holes are made when a giant star, many times the mass of our Sun, dies. Most of the stars atmosphere is blown into space as a supernova explosion. The stars spent core collapses under its own weight. If the remaining mass is more than the mass of 3 Suns, it will collapse into a black hole. Where do black holes come from? Credit: European Southern Observatory
14 Supermassive: Extremely massive black holes have been found in the centers of many galaxies - including our own! Where do black holes come from? Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO) - Very Large Telescope
15 Mid-Mass: Scientists are finding these in the centers of large, dense star clusters. Like this globular star cluster, called M15, in our Galaxy. Where do black holes come from? Image Credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
16 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
17 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
18 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
19 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
20 M74 Photo Credit: NOAO/AURA/NSF Great distances between the So how do we survive amid all these Black Holes?
21 M74 Photo Credit: NOAO/AURA/NSF Suns orbit > Everything is orbiting fast So how do we survive amid all these Black Holes?
22 Including one giant black hole at the very cen There are 200 billion stars in our galaxy, the Milky Way There are also millions of black holes How have we survived?
23 What would happen if the Sun was Not to Scale
24 changed into a Black Hole? Not to Scale
25 How do we know its there? Hot material falling into the black hole. Weird motions of objects nearby Jets of glowing gas Credit: ESA, NASA, and Felix Mirabel
26 How do we know its there? Movie courtesy of R. Spencer, S. Garrington, D. McKay, T. Muxlow, P. Thomasson, C. de la Force, A. M. Stirling (University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank); G. Pooley (University of Cambridge); R. Fender (University of Amsterdam) Jets of glowing gas One month
27 10 mind-blowing facts about Black hole
28 Thank YOU

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Blackhole

  • 1. Engineering Physics 2110015 Topic: Black Hole Guided By: Prof. Sanket Thakor Branch : Mechanical Engineering Div: L-3
  • 2. Group of the Students Students name and Enrollment No. Harshil Zaveri (130120119251)
  • 3. A black hole is a region of space from which nothing, not even light can escape. It is the result of the deformation of space time caused by a very compact mass. Around a black hole there is an undetectable surface which marks the point of no return, called an event horizon. It is called black because it absorbs all the light that hits it, reflecting nothing, just like a perfect black body in thermodynamics. It works similarly as a black body works in quantum mechanics.
  • 5. There are many theories to that question. Most common theory is where a colossal star with a mass of more than 3 times the Suns reaches the end of its life, gets crushed under its own gravity, leaving behind a compact black hole. When a gignatic star reaches the final stage of its life and is about to go supernova, it spends all the nuclear fuel by then. So it stops burning and heating up and cannot create the nuclear energy required to feed the star.
  • 7. The black hole is surrounded by an event horizon which is the sphere from which light cannot escape The distance between the black hole and its event horizon is the Schwarzschild radius (RSch= 2GM/c2) The center of the black hole is a point of infinite density and zero volume, called a singularity
  • 8. How Black hole look alike? 8
  • 9. 9 1915: Einsteins Theory of Gravity predicted the possibility of black holes, but no one believed they actually existed! 1967: Term Black Hole coined 1970s: Convincing evidence that black holes are real Today: NASA space telescopes have discovered evidence for black holes throughout the universe Albert Einstein
  • 10. 10 What did Einstein say about Gravity? Mass distorts space - curving it Objects and light moving near the massive object are forced to take a curved path around the object. Just like the Moon orbiting Earth. Images courtesy of Professor Gabor Kunstatter, University of Winnipeg
  • 11. 11 How much would you weigh? On Earth, lets say you weigh 150 lbs. On the Moon, youd weigh 25 lbs. On Jupiter, youd weigh 350 lbs. On the Sun, youd weigh 4,000 lbs. Near a Black Hole, youd weigh over 20 TRILLON POUNDS !!!
  • 12. 12 Where do black holes come from? Three classifications of black holes: Stellar-mass: 3 to 20 times the mass of our Sun Supermassive: Black holes with millions to billions of times the mass of our Sun Mid-mass: In between stellar-mass and supermassive
  • 13. 13 Stellar-mass: Black holes are made when a giant star, many times the mass of our Sun, dies. Most of the stars atmosphere is blown into space as a supernova explosion. The stars spent core collapses under its own weight. If the remaining mass is more than the mass of 3 Suns, it will collapse into a black hole. Where do black holes come from? Credit: European Southern Observatory
  • 14. 14 Supermassive: Extremely massive black holes have been found in the centers of many galaxies - including our own! Where do black holes come from? Credit: European Southern Observatory (ESO) - Very Large Telescope
  • 15. 15 Mid-Mass: Scientists are finding these in the centers of large, dense star clusters. Like this globular star cluster, called M15, in our Galaxy. Where do black holes come from? Image Credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
  • 16. 16 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
  • 17. 17 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
  • 18. 18 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
  • 19. 19 Falling into a Black Hole Not to Scale
  • 20. 20 M74 Photo Credit: NOAO/AURA/NSF Great distances between the So how do we survive amid all these Black Holes?
  • 21. 21 M74 Photo Credit: NOAO/AURA/NSF Suns orbit > Everything is orbiting fast So how do we survive amid all these Black Holes?
  • 22. 22 Including one giant black hole at the very cen There are 200 billion stars in our galaxy, the Milky Way There are also millions of black holes How have we survived?
  • 23. 23 What would happen if the Sun was Not to Scale
  • 24. 24 changed into a Black Hole? Not to Scale
  • 25. 25 How do we know its there? Hot material falling into the black hole. Weird motions of objects nearby Jets of glowing gas Credit: ESA, NASA, and Felix Mirabel
  • 26. 26 How do we know its there? Movie courtesy of R. Spencer, S. Garrington, D. McKay, T. Muxlow, P. Thomasson, C. de la Force, A. M. Stirling (University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank); G. Pooley (University of Cambridge); R. Fender (University of Amsterdam) Jets of glowing gas One month
  • 27. 27 10 mind-blowing facts about Black hole