Brinjal
Download as pptx, pdf16 likes16,451 views
The document discusses the eggplant (Solanum melongena), including its botanical name, family, physical characteristics, cultivation requirements, pests, and diseases. Eggplants prefer warm temperatures between 13-21°C and fertile, well-drained soil. They require regular irrigation and fertilization. Popular varieties in Pakistan include Neelum, White Egg, and Mirpurkhas Selection. When harvested, the fruit is still somewhat unripe but well colored. Key pests that affect the crop include fruit borers, stem borers, thrips, and whiteflies.
1 of 27
Downloaded 527 times
Ad
Recommended
BRINJAL CULTIVATION , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF BRINJAL 
BRINJAL CULTIVATION , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF BRINJAL Arvind Yadav
?
This document provides information about the cultivation of brinjal (eggplant). It discusses the botanical details of brinjal, its economic importance and nutritional value. It then describes popular varieties grown in India, ideal climate and soil conditions, cultivation practices like nursery preparation, transplanting, irrigation, fertilizer application etc. It also discusses physiological disorders, seed production and concludes by thanking the reader.Tuberose.pptx
Tuberose.pptxDr. M. Kumaresan
?
Tuberose - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yieldHybrid seed production of tomato
Hybrid seed production of tomatoKRISHNENDU KUNDU
?
This document discusses the process of hybrid seed production for tomatoes. It begins with the botanical description of tomatoes and discusses important hybrid varieties. It then outlines the cultural practices for hybrid seed production, including land preparation, spacing, fertilization and irrigation. A key step is the process of emasculation and pollination to produce hybrid seeds. Methods of seed extraction, drying, grading and storage are also summarized. The document concludes with information on certifications and standards for hybrid tomato seeds and the nutritional value of tomatoes.Seed production technology of maize
Seed production technology of maizeNugurusaichandan
?
Maize seed production technology involves land preparation, climate requirements, planting methods, and harvesting procedures. Maize is grown widely and is the highest yielding cereal crop. It requires fertile, well-drained soil between pH 6.5-7. For hybrid seed production, male and female plants are separated and manual pollination is done to ensure purity. Pests like smut and borers are controlled with fungicides and insects are removed by hand. Seed is harvested when husks dry, shelled, dried, graded and treated before storage. Standards specify minimum genetic and physical purity levels for quality seed. New varieties released include composites and hybrids suited to different growing conditions.Production Technology of Bottlegourd
Production Technology of BottlegourdManojGS5
?
Bottle gourd is commonly grown in India, Africa, and Central America. It has cooling and digestive properties and its fruits, leaves, and seeds can be used for medicinal purposes or to make dishes like halva, kheer, and pickles. Bottle gourd is a vine that grows best in warm weather with adequate sunlight and support from a trellis. It has varied shaped fruits that are harvested young and tender for use as a vegetable or allowed to mature for uses like making containers. Proper training, pruning, harvesting, and post-harvest handling are required to maximize yields which average 20-25 tons/hectare for open pollinated varieties and 40-50 tons/hectareprinciples of seed technology 5221 notes
principles of seed technology 5221 notesISHAN DEWANGAN
?
This document provides information on seed technology and seed production of various crops. It begins with definitions of seed and seed technology. It then discusses causes of variety deterioration and methods to control deterioration. Principles of foundation and certified seed production are outlined. Detailed information is provided on seed production methods for various crops including wheat, rice, maize, sorghum, bajra, potato, tomato, chilies, berseem and lucerne. Key steps discussed include source of seed, field selection, isolation distances, sowing methods, fertilizer use, irrigation, plant protection, rouging, and harvesting.Ber
Berprabhugouda patil
?
Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) is a hardy fruit commonly known as the poor man's fruit that is cultivated throughout India. It is high in vitamins and minerals. There are many varieties of ber that differ in maturation time, productivity, and suitability to various climates. Ber is propagated through seed sowing or vegetative methods like budding. It grows best in tropical and subtropical areas and a wide variety of soils.Carnation
CarnationUTPAL DAS
?
This document provides information on the cultivation practices of carnation. It begins with an introduction to carnations, describing their importance as a cut flower, uses including decorations for special occasions, and composition of volatile oils extracted from the flowers.
It then discusses the three main types of garden carnations - border/malmaision, perpetual flowering, and marguerite or chabud. The document also covers carnation varieties, ideal soil and climate conditions, propagation through cuttings, bed preparation, planting, nutrient and water management, pruning and training techniques, and pest and disease control.
It concludes with sections on harvesting and yields, post-harvest handling including grading, packing and storage, and a brief thank you.Production technology of okra
Production technology of okravanisree Padmanabhan
?
Okra is a warm season vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. There are several varieties developed by different agricultural universities in India with varying characteristics such as fruit size, color, ridges and resistance to diseases. Proper soil preparation, seed treatment, spacing, fertilizer application, irrigation, weed control and mulching are important cultivation practices for higher yield. Hybrid varieties exploit heterosis to produce higher yields than open pollinated varieties.Seed production of sorghum
Seed production of sorghumVasantrao Nail Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
?
This document provides information and guidelines for sorghum seed production. It discusses selecting land with good drainage for production. Isolation distances should be maintained to avoid contamination from other varieties. Seeds should be treated and stored properly. The optimal seasons for production are June-July and October-November. Quality seeds above 2000kg/ha can be harvested if proper procedures are followed at each growth stage from land preparation to post-harvest processing. Seed certification ensures the genetic, physical and health quality standards are met.production technology of cucurbits
production technology of cucurbitsAvisha Budhani
?
Cucumbers are an important crop that are a good source of potassium and various antioxidants. They prefer light, well-drained soils and temperatures between 20-28°C for optimal growth and production. Common diseases include downy mildew and powdery mildew. Management involves growing resistant varieties, maintaining good airflow, removing crop debris, and applying fungicides like mancozeb. Popular varieties in India include Pusa Sanyog, Pusa Uday, and Japanese Long Green.Hybrid Seed Production of Tomato
Hybrid Seed Production of TomatoSubham Dwivedi
?
This document provides information on hybrid seed production methods in tomatoes. It discusses the botany of tomatoes and factors that influence self-pollination. The key methods of hybrid seed production include maintaining breeder, foundation, and certified seed lines. Seed is extracted using either acid treatment or fermentation to separate seeds from pulp. Acid treatment is considered the best method as it results in higher viability and quality seeds compared to the fermentation method. The process of hybridization involves emasculation of unopened tomato flowers followed by pollen collection and dusting from male parent lines. Multiple inspections during flowering and maturity are required for seed certification.Gladiolus
GladiolusUTPAL DAS
?
Gladiolus is a popular flowering plant grown for its inflorescences and cutflowers. There are several types of gladiolus classified based on flower and plant characteristics. Grandiflorus types have large flowers arranged closely on long spikes, while primulinus types have smaller spaced flowers on shorter spikes. Gladiolus is propagated through corms and cormels and prefers well-draining, nutrient-rich soil with a pH between 5.5-6.5. Planting is done in fall and corms are spaced 15-20cm apart. Pests like thrips and diseases like fusarium rot must be controlled. Flower spikes are harvested when lower florets open andOnion seed production
Onion seed productionMohammed Sami
?
This document provides information on onion seed production including floral biology, methods, requirements, and standards. It discusses:
1) Onion flowers are protandrous, with pollen shed occurring before stigma receptivity. Cross-pollination by insects is needed for high seed yields.
2) The bulb-to-seed method is most common, involving selecting bulbs in one season for planting the next season for seed production. Care is taken to select true-to-type bulbs.
3) Seed production requires isolation distances between varieties, rogueing of off-types, and inspection to ensure varietal purity and high seed quality and yields.Seed production in tomato
Seed production in tomatoGourammaHongal
?
This document provides information about seed production of tomatoes. It begins with an introduction and then discusses the botanical description, importance, floral biology, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, nutrition, weed management, pests and diseases, harvesting, seed extraction techniques, hybrid seed production, and field and seed standards. The key steps described include soil preparation, raising seedlings, transplanting, irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease management, support structures, roguing, harvesting ripe fruits, seed extraction after fermentation or chemical treatment, grading and packing seeds, and storing seeds with proper moisture levels and pest control.Hybrid seed production of sorghum crop.
Hybrid seed production of sorghum crop.NSStudents
?
This document summarizes the seed production process for both open pollinated and hybrid varieties of sorghum. For open pollinated varieties, the key steps are land preparation, isolation requirements, rouging, field inspections, harvesting, and threshing. Seed yield is typically 35-40 q/ha. For hybrid varieties, the process involves maintaining parental lines and commercial hybrid seed production. Proper isolation distances and cultural practices like synchronization of flowering are required. Key steps also include rouging, field inspections, separate harvesting of male and female rows, and threshing. Seed yield is typically 4-6 q/ha.Seed testing equipments
Seed testing equipmentsAown Abbas Sewag
?
This document discusses seed testing procedures and equipment. It explains that seed testing determines purity, moisture, germination standards to provide quality seeds for farmers. Various tests are mentioned, including germination, viability, and purity tests. A list of specialized equipment is then provided that is necessary for properly equipping a seed testing laboratory, such as seed germinators, sieves, microscopes, and analyzers. Specific equipment is also outlined for drying samples and analyzing nitrogen content in seeds.Brinjal seed production for gkvk 31 10-18
Brinjal seed production for gkvk 31 10-18Abhishek Malpani
?
This document provides information on eggplant/brinjal seed and hybrid production techniques. It discusses the botanical varieties of eggplant, important germplasm sources, hybrids released nationally, isolation distances required, genetic variability, wild related species, floral biology, nursery management, transplanting, plant protection measures, hybridization techniques, seed extraction methods, and the economics of hybrid seed production. The optimal techniques aim to produce high quality F1 hybrid seeds with desirable traits like early maturity, uniformity, high yield, and stress resistance.Pineapple
PineappleRakesh Pattnaik
?
This document provides information on pineapple production including:
- Pineapple varieties commonly grown in India include Giant Kew, Kew, Queen, Mauritius, and Jaldhup. Varieties are classified into Cayenne, Queen, and Spanish groups.
- Pineapples prefer tropical climates with temperatures between 21-23°C, rainfall of 150cm, and sandy loam soils with pH 5.5-6.0.
- Propagation is mainly through vegetative methods using suckers, slips, crowns, and stem bits. Planting follows a double row system with spacing of 60cm between rows and 45cm within rows.
- Standard agronomic practices like weeding, mulTraining and pruning in apple
Training and pruning in appleAndrew Myrthong
?
This document discusses training and pruning methods for apple trees. It describes the objectives of training as developing a framework that displays the tree canopy and supports heavy crop loads. Pruning removes portions of the tree to correct structure and improve airflow. Two main training systems are described: open center and modified central leader. Dormant pruning is done in winter while summer pruning removes upright shoots. Techniques like spreading, tying and weighting are used to position limbs at a 45-60 degree angle for optimal fruit production. The document provides details on various pruning and training methods used for different apple tree planting densities and forms.Chilli ppt
Chilli pptNugurusaichandan
?
India is the world's largest producer and exporter of chilli. The three main chilli producing states are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka. Chilli is an important crop due to its nutritional value as well as its use in curry powders. Hybrid seed production of chilli requires growing a female parent line separately from a male parent line to allow for controlled cross-pollination. Daily emasculation and pollination is needed to produce hybrid seeds, which are then harvested, processed, and certified based on quality standards.Pumpkin 
Pumpkin Varsha Gayatonde
?
This document provides information about pumpkins. It discusses that pumpkins are originally from America, with the scientific name Cucurbita moschata. They require warm, sunny conditions with rich, well-draining soil. Pumpkins are allopolyploid with 40 chromosomes and trailing vine-like stems. They bear large yellow flowers that are monoecious and highly cross-pollinated. Breeding methods aim to develop varieties with high yields, early fruiting, and desirable fruit characteristics. Hybrids can be produced through manual pollination or using chemicals to control male flower production.Cultivation of marigold. production technology of marigold .
Cultivation of marigold. production technology of marigold .Arvind Yadav
?
Genomic classification of marigold .African marigold(Tagetes erecta) .CN- 2n=24 .Family-Composity/Asteraceae . Origin ---Maxico and South america.
French marigold(Tagetes patula) .CN-2n=48
.Family-composity/Asteraceae
.Origin-Maxico and South america
There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows 1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold) 2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ) . Other important species 1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm) 2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height) 3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows 1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold) 2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ) . Other important species 1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm) 2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height) 3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)Production Technology of Gladiolus
Production Technology of GladiolusAbhinandan Kumar
?
1) The document discusses the production technology of gladiolus, an important commercial cut flower.
2) Gladiolus is a perennial herbaceous plant known for its tall flower spikes and colorful blooms, native to South Africa.
3) It provides information on varieties, propagation, planting, manures and fertilizers, pest and disease management, soil and climate requirements, and harvesting of gladiolus.Production technology of French bean 
Production technology of French bean Student
?
French bean, also known as kidney bean or snap bean, is a popular dietary food that is rich in nutrients. It is cultivated in several states in India, with major growing regions being Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and West Bengal. There are four cultivated species of French bean, with the most common being Phaseolus vulgaris. Optimal growing conditions include temperatures between 15-25°C and rainfall of 600-1500 mm annually. Seeds are treated before sowing and manure, fertilizers, and pest/disease management practices are followed for good crop growth and yield. Regular harvesting of young pods ensures continued flowering and yield of 80-140 q/haBarley floral biology and seed production
Barley floral biology and seed productionSummer
?
This document provides information on barley floral biology and seed production. It begins with an introduction to barley, including its scientific name, uses, nutritional value, and composition. It then covers barley's systematics, origin, classification, types including two row, intermediate, and six row varieties. The document discusses barley's growing stages and floral biology. It provides details on quality seed production, including agroclimatic requirements, land preparation, isolation distances, sowing methods, variety selection, seed treatment, nutrient and water management, harvesting, threshing, and processing. It also addresses pest and disease management, heterosis and hybrid seed production, and includes references.Pea
PeaVarsha Gayatonde
?
Peas (Pisum sativum) are an important crop that originated in Southwest Asia and Northeast Africa. They are grown worldwide for their fresh pods and dry seeds, which are rich in nutrients. Peas have pink flowers with five sepals and five petals, including one standard, two wings, and two keel petals fused around the stamens and pistil. Self-pollination is most common due to the timing of stigma receptivity and pollen release. Cross-pollination requires emasculation of male parts and application of pollen from another plant.Periwinkle cultivation
Periwinkle cultivationbanda university of agriculture and technology,banda
?
Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) is a herbaceous plant native to Madagascar that is cultivated for its medicinal properties. It contains over 100 alkaloids, notably vinblastine and vincristine in its leaves which are important in cancer therapy. It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions with adequate rainfall. Propagation is through seeds sown directly or in a nursery, and through cuttings. Leaves are harvested twice and roots after one year. Yields of 4 tons/ha of leaves and 1.5 tons/ha each of stems and roots can be obtained under irrigation.Carrot cultivation
Carrot cultivationom prakash kumawat
?
Carrot cultivation based on botany, plant characteristic, soil, climate, variety and varietal characteristic, problem in cultivation and their management practices and storage and post harvest handling. Cultivation of aonla.
Cultivation of aonla.DavinderHanda
?
The document provides information on the Indian gooseberry or Aonla plant. Some key points:
- Aonla is a subtropical fruit native to tropical Asia that is rich in vitamin C and minerals. It is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine.
- The plant can tolerate a wide range of climates and soils. Major producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana.
- Common varieties include Banarasi, Kanchan, and Neelum. Propagation is primarily through budding, grafting, or seedlings.
- Pests include bark eating caterpillars and gall midges. Diseases include rust and soft rot fungus. IntegrAd
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Production technology of okra
Production technology of okravanisree Padmanabhan
?
Okra is a warm season vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. There are several varieties developed by different agricultural universities in India with varying characteristics such as fruit size, color, ridges and resistance to diseases. Proper soil preparation, seed treatment, spacing, fertilizer application, irrigation, weed control and mulching are important cultivation practices for higher yield. Hybrid varieties exploit heterosis to produce higher yields than open pollinated varieties.Seed production of sorghum
Seed production of sorghumVasantrao Nail Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
?
This document provides information and guidelines for sorghum seed production. It discusses selecting land with good drainage for production. Isolation distances should be maintained to avoid contamination from other varieties. Seeds should be treated and stored properly. The optimal seasons for production are June-July and October-November. Quality seeds above 2000kg/ha can be harvested if proper procedures are followed at each growth stage from land preparation to post-harvest processing. Seed certification ensures the genetic, physical and health quality standards are met.production technology of cucurbits
production technology of cucurbitsAvisha Budhani
?
Cucumbers are an important crop that are a good source of potassium and various antioxidants. They prefer light, well-drained soils and temperatures between 20-28°C for optimal growth and production. Common diseases include downy mildew and powdery mildew. Management involves growing resistant varieties, maintaining good airflow, removing crop debris, and applying fungicides like mancozeb. Popular varieties in India include Pusa Sanyog, Pusa Uday, and Japanese Long Green.Hybrid Seed Production of Tomato
Hybrid Seed Production of TomatoSubham Dwivedi
?
This document provides information on hybrid seed production methods in tomatoes. It discusses the botany of tomatoes and factors that influence self-pollination. The key methods of hybrid seed production include maintaining breeder, foundation, and certified seed lines. Seed is extracted using either acid treatment or fermentation to separate seeds from pulp. Acid treatment is considered the best method as it results in higher viability and quality seeds compared to the fermentation method. The process of hybridization involves emasculation of unopened tomato flowers followed by pollen collection and dusting from male parent lines. Multiple inspections during flowering and maturity are required for seed certification.Gladiolus
GladiolusUTPAL DAS
?
Gladiolus is a popular flowering plant grown for its inflorescences and cutflowers. There are several types of gladiolus classified based on flower and plant characteristics. Grandiflorus types have large flowers arranged closely on long spikes, while primulinus types have smaller spaced flowers on shorter spikes. Gladiolus is propagated through corms and cormels and prefers well-draining, nutrient-rich soil with a pH between 5.5-6.5. Planting is done in fall and corms are spaced 15-20cm apart. Pests like thrips and diseases like fusarium rot must be controlled. Flower spikes are harvested when lower florets open andOnion seed production
Onion seed productionMohammed Sami
?
This document provides information on onion seed production including floral biology, methods, requirements, and standards. It discusses:
1) Onion flowers are protandrous, with pollen shed occurring before stigma receptivity. Cross-pollination by insects is needed for high seed yields.
2) The bulb-to-seed method is most common, involving selecting bulbs in one season for planting the next season for seed production. Care is taken to select true-to-type bulbs.
3) Seed production requires isolation distances between varieties, rogueing of off-types, and inspection to ensure varietal purity and high seed quality and yields.Seed production in tomato
Seed production in tomatoGourammaHongal
?
This document provides information about seed production of tomatoes. It begins with an introduction and then discusses the botanical description, importance, floral biology, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, nutrition, weed management, pests and diseases, harvesting, seed extraction techniques, hybrid seed production, and field and seed standards. The key steps described include soil preparation, raising seedlings, transplanting, irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease management, support structures, roguing, harvesting ripe fruits, seed extraction after fermentation or chemical treatment, grading and packing seeds, and storing seeds with proper moisture levels and pest control.Hybrid seed production of sorghum crop.
Hybrid seed production of sorghum crop.NSStudents
?
This document summarizes the seed production process for both open pollinated and hybrid varieties of sorghum. For open pollinated varieties, the key steps are land preparation, isolation requirements, rouging, field inspections, harvesting, and threshing. Seed yield is typically 35-40 q/ha. For hybrid varieties, the process involves maintaining parental lines and commercial hybrid seed production. Proper isolation distances and cultural practices like synchronization of flowering are required. Key steps also include rouging, field inspections, separate harvesting of male and female rows, and threshing. Seed yield is typically 4-6 q/ha.Seed testing equipments
Seed testing equipmentsAown Abbas Sewag
?
This document discusses seed testing procedures and equipment. It explains that seed testing determines purity, moisture, germination standards to provide quality seeds for farmers. Various tests are mentioned, including germination, viability, and purity tests. A list of specialized equipment is then provided that is necessary for properly equipping a seed testing laboratory, such as seed germinators, sieves, microscopes, and analyzers. Specific equipment is also outlined for drying samples and analyzing nitrogen content in seeds.Brinjal seed production for gkvk 31 10-18
Brinjal seed production for gkvk 31 10-18Abhishek Malpani
?
This document provides information on eggplant/brinjal seed and hybrid production techniques. It discusses the botanical varieties of eggplant, important germplasm sources, hybrids released nationally, isolation distances required, genetic variability, wild related species, floral biology, nursery management, transplanting, plant protection measures, hybridization techniques, seed extraction methods, and the economics of hybrid seed production. The optimal techniques aim to produce high quality F1 hybrid seeds with desirable traits like early maturity, uniformity, high yield, and stress resistance.Pineapple
PineappleRakesh Pattnaik
?
This document provides information on pineapple production including:
- Pineapple varieties commonly grown in India include Giant Kew, Kew, Queen, Mauritius, and Jaldhup. Varieties are classified into Cayenne, Queen, and Spanish groups.
- Pineapples prefer tropical climates with temperatures between 21-23°C, rainfall of 150cm, and sandy loam soils with pH 5.5-6.0.
- Propagation is mainly through vegetative methods using suckers, slips, crowns, and stem bits. Planting follows a double row system with spacing of 60cm between rows and 45cm within rows.
- Standard agronomic practices like weeding, mulTraining and pruning in apple
Training and pruning in appleAndrew Myrthong
?
This document discusses training and pruning methods for apple trees. It describes the objectives of training as developing a framework that displays the tree canopy and supports heavy crop loads. Pruning removes portions of the tree to correct structure and improve airflow. Two main training systems are described: open center and modified central leader. Dormant pruning is done in winter while summer pruning removes upright shoots. Techniques like spreading, tying and weighting are used to position limbs at a 45-60 degree angle for optimal fruit production. The document provides details on various pruning and training methods used for different apple tree planting densities and forms.Chilli ppt
Chilli pptNugurusaichandan
?
India is the world's largest producer and exporter of chilli. The three main chilli producing states are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka. Chilli is an important crop due to its nutritional value as well as its use in curry powders. Hybrid seed production of chilli requires growing a female parent line separately from a male parent line to allow for controlled cross-pollination. Daily emasculation and pollination is needed to produce hybrid seeds, which are then harvested, processed, and certified based on quality standards.Pumpkin
Pumpkin Varsha Gayatonde
?
This document provides information about pumpkins. It discusses that pumpkins are originally from America, with the scientific name Cucurbita moschata. They require warm, sunny conditions with rich, well-draining soil. Pumpkins are allopolyploid with 40 chromosomes and trailing vine-like stems. They bear large yellow flowers that are monoecious and highly cross-pollinated. Breeding methods aim to develop varieties with high yields, early fruiting, and desirable fruit characteristics. Hybrids can be produced through manual pollination or using chemicals to control male flower production.Cultivation of marigold. production technology of marigold .
Cultivation of marigold. production technology of marigold .Arvind Yadav
?
Genomic classification of marigold .African marigold(Tagetes erecta) .CN- 2n=24 .Family-Composity/Asteraceae . Origin ---Maxico and South america.
French marigold(Tagetes patula) .CN-2n=48
.Family-composity/Asteraceae
.Origin-Maxico and South america
There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows 1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold) 2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ) . Other important species 1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm) 2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height) 3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows 1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold) 2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ) . Other important species 1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm) 2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height) 3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)Production Technology of Gladiolus
Production Technology of GladiolusAbhinandan Kumar
?
1) The document discusses the production technology of gladiolus, an important commercial cut flower.
2) Gladiolus is a perennial herbaceous plant known for its tall flower spikes and colorful blooms, native to South Africa.
3) It provides information on varieties, propagation, planting, manures and fertilizers, pest and disease management, soil and climate requirements, and harvesting of gladiolus.Production technology of French bean
Production technology of French bean Student
?
French bean, also known as kidney bean or snap bean, is a popular dietary food that is rich in nutrients. It is cultivated in several states in India, with major growing regions being Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and West Bengal. There are four cultivated species of French bean, with the most common being Phaseolus vulgaris. Optimal growing conditions include temperatures between 15-25°C and rainfall of 600-1500 mm annually. Seeds are treated before sowing and manure, fertilizers, and pest/disease management practices are followed for good crop growth and yield. Regular harvesting of young pods ensures continued flowering and yield of 80-140 q/haBarley floral biology and seed production
Barley floral biology and seed productionSummer
?
This document provides information on barley floral biology and seed production. It begins with an introduction to barley, including its scientific name, uses, nutritional value, and composition. It then covers barley's systematics, origin, classification, types including two row, intermediate, and six row varieties. The document discusses barley's growing stages and floral biology. It provides details on quality seed production, including agroclimatic requirements, land preparation, isolation distances, sowing methods, variety selection, seed treatment, nutrient and water management, harvesting, threshing, and processing. It also addresses pest and disease management, heterosis and hybrid seed production, and includes references.Pea
PeaVarsha Gayatonde
?
Peas (Pisum sativum) are an important crop that originated in Southwest Asia and Northeast Africa. They are grown worldwide for their fresh pods and dry seeds, which are rich in nutrients. Peas have pink flowers with five sepals and five petals, including one standard, two wings, and two keel petals fused around the stamens and pistil. Self-pollination is most common due to the timing of stigma receptivity and pollen release. Cross-pollination requires emasculation of male parts and application of pollen from another plant.Periwinkle cultivation
Periwinkle cultivationbanda university of agriculture and technology,banda
?
Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) is a herbaceous plant native to Madagascar that is cultivated for its medicinal properties. It contains over 100 alkaloids, notably vinblastine and vincristine in its leaves which are important in cancer therapy. It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions with adequate rainfall. Propagation is through seeds sown directly or in a nursery, and through cuttings. Leaves are harvested twice and roots after one year. Yields of 4 tons/ha of leaves and 1.5 tons/ha each of stems and roots can be obtained under irrigation.Similar to Brinjal (20)
Carrot cultivation
Carrot cultivationom prakash kumawat
?
Carrot cultivation based on botany, plant characteristic, soil, climate, variety and varietal characteristic, problem in cultivation and their management practices and storage and post harvest handling. Cultivation of aonla.
Cultivation of aonla.DavinderHanda
?
The document provides information on the Indian gooseberry or Aonla plant. Some key points:
- Aonla is a subtropical fruit native to tropical Asia that is rich in vitamin C and minerals. It is commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine.
- The plant can tolerate a wide range of climates and soils. Major producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana.
- Common varieties include Banarasi, Kanchan, and Neelum. Propagation is primarily through budding, grafting, or seedlings.
- Pests include bark eating caterpillars and gall midges. Diseases include rust and soft rot fungus. Integrbeetrootsmn-210917071811.pptx
beetrootsmn-210917071811.pptxSharathMN2
?
1. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is a herbaceous biennial plant cultivated for its thick fleshy edible red roots. It is native to the Mediterranean region and has 2n=18 chromosomes.
2. The roots vary in shape, size, and color depending on variety but store large amounts of food. The leaves are dark green and develop in a close spiral pattern.
3. Beetroot is wind or insect pollinated and produces small, inconspicuous flowers in spikes. The fruits are dry seed balls containing 1-3 seeds each that can remain viable for 5-6 years.radish production technology
radish production technologySachin Hosadurga
?
radish production technology of radish,introduction, veriety, climate, soil, inter culture operations, yield and diseases and pestsGourd ppt
Gourd pptSandeepVerma320
?
The document provides information on the general features and cultivation of cucurbits. Some key points:
- Most cucurbits are annuals that are direct sown and propagated through seeds. They have a long taproot system and branched, climbing stems.
- Leaves are usually simple and 3-5 lobed with tendrils in the leaf axils. Flowers are highly cross-pollinated by honey bees.
- Common cucurbits include cucumber, muskmelon, pumpkin, and squash. These are mostly monoecious with male and female flowers on the same plant.
- Proper soil preparation, fertilizer application, irrigation, and pest management are required atChayote.pptx
Chayote.pptxNabinMandal6
?
Chayote, also known as squash, mirliton vegetable pear, or chocho, is a type of squash that is native to Mexico but is now widely cultivated in many parts of the world. It is pale green in color, pear-shaped, and has a mild, slightly sweet flavor.
Producion technology of turnip
Producion technology of turnipJaiganeshJ5
?
This document provides information on the production technology of turnip. It discusses the botany of turnip, including its botanical name and family. It describes propagation methods, suitable soil and climate conditions, field preparation procedures, seed rates, sowing times, fertilizer needs, irrigation, weed control, harvesting, post-harvest handling, common pests and diseases, and popular varieties of turnip. The document is intended to serve as a guide for farmers on how to successfully grow turnip as a crop.
Medicago sativa
Medicago sativaAbrar Yousuf Mir ,Srinagar,Shalimar, J & K
?
Fodder crops are crops cultivated primarily for animal feed. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is considered the "Queen of fodder crops". It is a perennial legume with trifoliate leaves and purple flowers. Alfalfa is high in proteins, vitamins, and minerals and is the world's highest protein feed. It is predominantly grown in the United States, Argentina, and Canada. While alfalfa provides excellent nutrition, factors like saponins and phytoestrogens can potentially cause issues if not properly managed.Banana cultivation practices
Banana cultivation practicesRaksha Hingankar
?
This document summarizes information about banana cultivation in Maharashtra, India. It discusses the leading banana varieties grown in the state like Basrai, key cultivation practices including soil and climate requirements, planting methods, irrigation, fertilization and intercultural operations. It also outlines some of the major banana diseases found in the region such as Panama wilt, sigatoka leaf spot and bunchy top virus, and their management strategies. Maharashtra is one of the top banana producing states in India with an average yield of 28.7 tons/ha, significantly higher than the national average of 13.8 tons/ha.Drum stick
Drum stickPrakritiGhimire5
?
This document provides information about drumstick (Moringa oleifera), including its botany, uses, cultivation practices, varieties, pests and diseases, and nutritional benefits. It notes that drumstick is a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree native to South Asia. All parts of the plant are used, including the leaves, pods, flowers, seeds, roots, and bark. The document outlines drumstick's cultivation requirements and production practices, and identifies several pests and diseases that affect the crop. It concludes by discussing drumstick's high nutritional value but also notes some cautions about consuming certain parts of the plant.MINOR VEGETABLES 
MINOR VEGETABLES HARISH J
?
This document provides information on the cultivation of three crops: fenugreek, leek, and chayote.
It describes two varieties of fenugreek, their growth habits, recommended fertilizer and manure application, and control measures for common pests and diseases. For leek, it outlines varieties, growing conditions, nutritional value, cultivation practices, and insect and disease management. Finally, it discusses chayote varieties, climate needs, cultivation from seed, yield, uses, nutritional profile, and control of downy mildew and anthracnose.Aloevera
AloeveraDr. Aradhana Sen
?
Aloe is a perennial plant native to Africa and the Mediterranean. It grows well in hot, dry climates and tolerates a wide range of soils. The leaves contain a gel with various health benefits including wound healing, immune support, and digestion. It is cultivated commercially for its medicinal and cosmetic uses. Major producers include Africa, China, USA, and parts of India. Propagation is through suckers or rhizome cuttings. With proper irrigation and fertilization, annual yields of 40-55 tons of leaves can be obtained from one hectare. The leaves and gel are used in foods, drinks, and cosmetics.Costus 
Costus Shridhargobbure
?
The document discusses the Costus plant, including its medicinal uses, active constituents, cultivation, and pests/diseases. Costus speciosus rhizomes contain the steroidal sapogenin diosgenin and have potential as an alternative source for commercial production of steroidal hormones. The plant grows well in subtropical climates with rainfall between 1000-1500 mm and is cultivated by planting rhizome cuttings with at least two buds, applying fertilizers, and providing irrigation. Major diseases include rhizome rot caused by fungi like Phytophthora solani and Pythium spinosum.Leafy vegetables
Leafy vegetablesankush tokare
?
This document provides information on cultivation practices for several leafy vegetables: spinach, fenugreek, amaranthus, coriander, radish. For each crop, it discusses soil and climate requirements, sowing methods, seed rates, popular varieties, fertilizer use, common pests and diseases, irrigation needs, and harvesting. The conclusion discusses two common diseases of spinach (leaf spot and wilt) and three diseases of fenugreek (leaf spot, wilt, powdery mildew) along with control methods tested.Seed Production and Floral Biology Fennel crop
Seed Production and Floral Biology Fennel cropMahendra Reddy
?
This document summarizes the floral biology and seed production of fennel. It begins with the taxonomic classification of fennel, noting it is a highly aromatic herb. It then describes the botanical features of fennel including its floral structure. Key aspects of fennel's floral biology are discussed such as its cross-pollinated nature. The document outlines best practices for fennel seed production including variety selection, agro-climatic conditions, cultivation techniques and pest/disease management. Fennel seed yields around 12-13 qt/ha and has economic importance as a stimulant and for its essential oils used in cosmetics and medicines.B.sc. agri i po h unit 4.6 cultivation practices of loquat
B.sc. agri i po h unit 4.6 cultivation practices of loquatRai University
?
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) is an evergreen fruit tree native to southeastern China. It was introduced to India and is commercially cultivated in several northern states. Loquat trees can reach 20-30 feet in height with a dense, rounded crown. They bear oval, orange-yellow fruits from March to May. Proper cultivation practices include planting in monsoon season, providing fertilizer and irrigation, pruning to regulate crops and fruit thinning. Loquat trees start bearing after 3 years and can yield up to 40kg of fruit per tree with good care. Fruits are harvested when ripe and can be stored fresh for up to 2 weeks under proper conditions.Carrot Production Technology
Carrot Production TechnologyAzhar Khan
?
This document provides information on carrots, including their botanical name and origin in Asia. It discusses carrot varieties like Chantenay, Danvers, Imperator, and Nantes. The document covers environmental requirements, soil types, cultivation practices, pests, diseases, harvesting, storage, and seed production of carrots. It emphasizes the importance of proper irrigation, fertilization, weed control, and crop rotation. Carrot seeds can yield 600-1000 kg per hectare and are often marketed in bags or boxes.
Ad
Recently uploaded (20)
National Citrus Month Guide: Health Benefits, Citrus Recipes, and Fun Facts t...
National Citrus Month Guide: Health Benefits, Citrus Recipes, and Fun Facts t...Traverse Bay Farms / Fruit Advantage
?
Celebrate National Citrus Month with this vibrant and educational guidebook dedicated to the flavors, health benefits, and fun history of your favorite citrus fruits. From oranges and lemons to limes, grapefruits, and tangerines, this 狠狠撸Share presentation takes you through:
The top health benefits of citrus fruits
Nutritional facts and immune-boosting compounds (Vitamin C, flavonoids, and more)
Easy citrus-based recipes: drinks, snacks, and salad dressings
The difference between citrus varieties (Valencia vs. Navel, Meyer lemon vs. Eureka)
Citrus trivia, fun facts, and uses beyond the kitchen
Creative ways to celebrate National Citrus Month at home, school, or in your community
Citrus food product recommendations, including all-natural juices, preserves, and zest-friendly snacks
Perfect for food lovers, health enthusiasts, homeschoolers, nutrition educators, and citrus fans of all ages. Great as a seasonal teaching tool or digital magazine during the month of June.Global Dried Apricots Market Outlook: Growth Driven by Health Trends and Tech...
Global Dried Apricots Market Outlook: Growth Driven by Health Trends and Tech...BhushanDhumal1
?
The global dried apricots market is experiencing steady growth, driven by increasing health consciousness and demand for natural, nutrient-rich snacks.
Dhaka Spice Belfast – Authentic Indian Flavours, Served with Local Heart
Dhaka Spice Belfast – Authentic Indian Flavours, Served with Local HeartDhaka Spice
?
Dhaka Spice Belfast – Authentic Indian takeaway with classics & regional dishes. Serving BT7, BT11, BT14, BT15 & beyond. Taste the tradition!
最新版加拿大劳伦森大学毕业证（尝补耻谤别苍迟颈补苍毕业证书）原版定制
最新版加拿大劳伦森大学毕业证（尝补耻谤别苍迟颈补苍毕业证书）原版定制Taqyea
?
快速办理劳伦森大学英文毕业证书影本【Q微号:1954 292 140】劳伦森大学毕业证（Laurentian毕业证书）成绩单、offer、学位证、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【对于学历材料质量】
我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（原版纸质、底色、纹路）我们工厂拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有成品以及工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证劳伦森大学毕业证（Laurentian毕业证书）【微信号1954 292 140】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证劳伦森大学毕业证（Laurentian毕业证书）【微信号1954 292 140】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
【劳伦森大学毕业证（Laurentian毕业证书）成绩单有没有必要办理】
成绩单的意义主要体现在证明学习能力、评估学术背景、展示综合素质、提高录取率，以及是作为留信认证申请材料的一部分。
成绩单能够体现您的的学习能力，包括课程成绩、专业能力、研究能力。具体来说，成绩报告单通常包含学生的学习技能与习惯、各科成绩以及老师评语等部分，因此，成绩单不仅是学生学术能力的证明，也是评估学生是否适合某个教育项目的重要依据！
2_2023_03_03!06_43_06_55555555555555PM.pdf
2_2023_03_03!06_43_06_55555555555555PM.pdfAbdirahmanYusufAli1
?
2_2023_03_03!06_43_06_55555555555555PM.pdf7-Day Keto Meal Plan for Beginners | Easy & Delicious Low-Carb Recipes
7-Day Keto Meal Plan for Beginners | Easy & Delicious Low-Carb RecipesCast Iron Keto
?
Start your keto journey with this simple and flavorful 7-Day Keto Meal Plan!
Packed with low-carb, high-fat meals, this guide offers everything from savory breakfasts to satisfying dinners, plus snacks!
Whether you're new to keto or looking to simplify your week, this plan provides structure and tasty inspiration with easy-to-follow recipes using everyday ingredients.
Download now and take the guesswork out of healthy eating!mbaaaaa pptttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt.pptx
mbaaaaa pptttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt.pptxrichaadtu
?
jhfkjrhirfierhflrjfl;rjvo;ege;rfkrfkjw;ofwejfUnderstanding the chemical and physical reaction in baking
Understanding the chemical and physical reaction in bakingnitish1240728
?
Our bakery products are made fresh daily using the finest ingredients, offering a wide variety of breads, pastries, cakes, muffins, and cookies. From crusty artisan loaves to delicate, buttery croissants and indulgent desserts, each item is crafted with care to deliver the perfect taste and texture in every bite.
Would you like to highlight any specialties, such as gluten-free or eggless options?
Food Pattern XL by 狠狠撸sgo.pptx trabalho de ciencias
Food Pattern XL by 狠狠撸sgo.pptx trabalho de cienciasDaviSilva675856
?
trbaalho de ciencias sobre alimenta??o
"Mastering Hyderabadi Biryani : Recipes
"Mastering Hyderabadi Biryani : Recipestradinghunt850
?
Discover the aromatic world of Hyderabad Biryani on Pinterest! Explore mouthwatering recipes, vibrant photos, and expert tips for crafting this iconic Indian dish. From spicy chicken to fragrant veg biryani, find inspiration for authentic flavors, layered with basmati rice, saffron, and rich spices, perfect for your next culinary adventure.
National Citrus Month Guide: Health Benefits, Citrus Recipes, and Fun Facts t...
National Citrus Month Guide: Health Benefits, Citrus Recipes, and Fun Facts t...Traverse Bay Farms / Fruit Advantage
?
Ad
Brinjal
- 2. ? Botanical name : Solanum melongena ? Family : Solanaceae
- 3. ? The flower is white to purple, with a five- lobed corolla and yellow stamens. ? Plant height is usually 40-150cm. ? These have large coarsely lobed leaves. ? Fruit color is glossy black. ? The fruit is less than 3cm in diameter but 30 cm in cultivated form.
- 6. ? It has medicinal properties. ? White brinjal is said to be good for diabetic patients. ? Eggplants contain certain essential phyto nutrients which improve blood circulation and nourish the brain.
- 7. ? Brinjal requires long warm growing season for successful production. ? It is killed by severe frost. Long spell of chilly frost free weather may also damage the crop ? Temperature of 13? - 21?C is most favourable for successful production.
- 8. ? Fertile and well drained soils are desirable ? On sandy or sandy loam soil its production is maximum.
- 9. ? FYM at the rate of 20-25 tons per hectare should be added at the time of soil preparation. Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium 1oo kg/ha 50kg/ha 50kg/ha
- 11. ? Sowing is done in September or early October and seedlings are transplanted in November ? In hilly areas seeds are sown in April and seedlings are transplanted in May.
- 12. ? Main season for sowing brinjals are 1) Autumn-winter crop: Seed is sown in June and seedlings are transplanted in July. 2) Spring-winter crop: Seed is sown in early November and seedlings are transplanted during January and early February 3) Rainy season crop: Seed is sown in March and seedlings are transplanted in April.
- 13. ? Transplanting is done in standing water. ? 1st irrigation should be given 4 days after planting. ? In summer weekly irrigation is necessary ? In winter fortnight irrigation is preferable.
- 14. ? The fruit is harvested before it is fully ripe but it should be well colored. ? Harvesting is done by cutting with knife or plucking by hand
- 16. ? Neelum ? White egg ? Mirpurkhas selection ? Multan selection ? Sarhandi long
- 18. ? The average yield varies from 22,000-25,000 kg/ha.
- 19. ? Brinjal fruit borrer ? Brinjal stem borrer ? Leaf roller ? Thrips ? Whitefly ? Aphid ? Jassid ? Beetle
- 23. ? Little leaf brinjal ? Bacterial wilt ? Phomopsis fruit rot