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Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

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This document summarizes the different types of context clues that can be used to determine the meaning of unknown words: 1) Definition clues directly define the unknown word. 2) Synonym clues provide a synonym or brief phrase similar to the unknown word. 3) Example clues give examples to help explain the unknown word. 4) Contrast clues provide an antonym to determine the meaning of the unknown word. 5) Inference clues require using logic and reasoning to figure out the meaning from the context provided.

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Chapter 3: Building Vocabulary: Using Context Clues Essential Reading Skills Third Edition Kathleen McWhorter
What is Context? Example: Tony noticed that the wallabies at the zoo looked like kangaroos . Example: Many people have phobias, such as fear of heights, a fear of water, or a fear of confined spaces. What are wallabies? What is a phobia?
Types of Context Clues Definition Clues Synonym Clues Example Clues Contrast Clues Inference Clues
Definition Clues Writers define a word right after they use it. They use words and phrases such as: means is refers to are called
Example of Definition Clues Corona refers to the outermost part of the suns atmosphere. Corona refers to the outermost part of the suns atmosphere . definition signal word new word What a corona?
Synonym Clues Writers provide a synonym or brief phrase to define the word or that is similar to the new word. The synonym can appear in the same sentence, in an earlier sentence, or later sentence.
Example #2 of Synonym Clues Betsy took a break from teaching to serve in the Peace Core. Despite the hiatus , Betsys school was delighted to rehire her when she returned. Betsy took a break from teaching to serve in the Peace Core. Despite the hiatus , Betsys school was delighted to rehire her when she returned. What is a hiatus? new word synonym
Example Clues Writers often include examples to help explain a word. Examples can be introduced with words such as: like, such as, for example, or including.
Example of Example Clues In the past month, we have had almost every type of precipitation , including rain , snow , sleet , and hail . In the past month, we have had almost every type of precipitation , including rain , snow , sleet , and hail . What is precipitation? example(s) new word signal word
Contrast Clues You can determine the meaning of an unknown word from an antonym a word or phrase that has the opposite meaning. Examples can be introduced with words such as but, though , and whereas .
Example of Contrast Clues Although Liz felt sad and depressed, most of the graduates were elated . What is elated? Although Liz felt sad and depressed , most of the graduates were elated . new word signal word contrast/antonym
Inference Clues It's like asking yourself, "What is the author trying to say?". Inference is used to figure out the meaning of an unknown word by using logic and reasoning skills .
Example of Inference Clues On hot, humid summer afternoons, I often feel languid . What is languid? On hot, humid summer afternoons , I often feel languid . new word clue words
Try this one! The quarterback sustained numerous injuries: a fractured wrist, two broken ribs, and a hip injury. What type of context clue is this? Definition Clue? Synonym Clue? Example Clue? Contrast Clue? Inference Clue?
Try this one! The quarterback sustained numerous injuries: a fractured wrist, two broken ribs, and a hip injury. Inference!! Why? We can tell that the football player had many injuries since the author lists them . Another way to say this is experienced numerous injuries.
So, rememberthe first thing you should do when you dont know a word is to look at the words around it for clues to unlock the meaning!!

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Building Vocabulary Using Context Clues

  • 1. Chapter 3: Building Vocabulary: Using Context Clues Essential Reading Skills Third Edition Kathleen McWhorter
  • 2. What is Context? Example: Tony noticed that the wallabies at the zoo looked like kangaroos . Example: Many people have phobias, such as fear of heights, a fear of water, or a fear of confined spaces. What are wallabies? What is a phobia?
  • 3. Types of Context Clues Definition Clues Synonym Clues Example Clues Contrast Clues Inference Clues
  • 4. Definition Clues Writers define a word right after they use it. They use words and phrases such as: means is refers to are called
  • 5. Example of Definition Clues Corona refers to the outermost part of the suns atmosphere. Corona refers to the outermost part of the suns atmosphere . definition signal word new word What a corona?
  • 6. Synonym Clues Writers provide a synonym or brief phrase to define the word or that is similar to the new word. The synonym can appear in the same sentence, in an earlier sentence, or later sentence.
  • 7. Example #2 of Synonym Clues Betsy took a break from teaching to serve in the Peace Core. Despite the hiatus , Betsys school was delighted to rehire her when she returned. Betsy took a break from teaching to serve in the Peace Core. Despite the hiatus , Betsys school was delighted to rehire her when she returned. What is a hiatus? new word synonym
  • 8. Example Clues Writers often include examples to help explain a word. Examples can be introduced with words such as: like, such as, for example, or including.
  • 9. Example of Example Clues In the past month, we have had almost every type of precipitation , including rain , snow , sleet , and hail . In the past month, we have had almost every type of precipitation , including rain , snow , sleet , and hail . What is precipitation? example(s) new word signal word
  • 10. Contrast Clues You can determine the meaning of an unknown word from an antonym a word or phrase that has the opposite meaning. Examples can be introduced with words such as but, though , and whereas .
  • 11. Example of Contrast Clues Although Liz felt sad and depressed, most of the graduates were elated . What is elated? Although Liz felt sad and depressed , most of the graduates were elated . new word signal word contrast/antonym
  • 12. Inference Clues It's like asking yourself, "What is the author trying to say?". Inference is used to figure out the meaning of an unknown word by using logic and reasoning skills .
  • 13. Example of Inference Clues On hot, humid summer afternoons, I often feel languid . What is languid? On hot, humid summer afternoons , I often feel languid . new word clue words
  • 14. Try this one! The quarterback sustained numerous injuries: a fractured wrist, two broken ribs, and a hip injury. What type of context clue is this? Definition Clue? Synonym Clue? Example Clue? Contrast Clue? Inference Clue?
  • 15. Try this one! The quarterback sustained numerous injuries: a fractured wrist, two broken ribs, and a hip injury. Inference!! Why? We can tell that the football player had many injuries since the author lists them . Another way to say this is experienced numerous injuries.
  • 16. So, rememberthe first thing you should do when you dont know a word is to look at the words around it for clues to unlock the meaning!!