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Calcirtriole

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shahzeb2007

Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is produced in the kidneys and increases calcium absorption in the intestines and bones. It binds to vitamin D binding proteins and is transported to tissues, where it binds to vitamin D receptors to increase intestinal calcium absorption, promote bone mineralization, and regulate calcium levels through effects on kidneys, muscles, and other tissues. Abnormalities associated with calcitriol include rickets and osteomalacia due to vitamin D deficiency, as well as hypervitaminosis D from extremely high vitamin D levels which can cause hypercalcemia and tissue calcification.

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Calcirtriole
CalcitriolMuhammad ShahzebRoll # 177
Layout:IntroductionBiosynthesis and regulationTransportMechanism of actionMetabolismMetabolic ActionsAbnormalities associated with calcitriol- Hypovitamenosis D - Hypervitamenosis D
Introduction:Calcitriol also called 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, active form of vitamin D with three alcohol groupsIt increases the level of calcium (Ca2+) in the blood
Biosynthesis and its regulation:Produced in the cells of the proximal tubule of the nephron By the action of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-hydroxylaseThe activity of the enzyme is stimulated by - PTH.- Prolactin - Decreased levels of serum phosphate
skin7-dehydro cholesterolPrevitamin D3Vitamin D325-hydroxylase liver25-hydroxycholcalciferol25 hydroxycolcalciferol 1-hydroxylase kidney1,25-dihydroxycol calciferol
Calcirtriole
Transport:Vitamin D-binding protein belongs to the albumin family458 amino acids Coded by 1690 nucleotides on chromosome 4Found in -plasma, -cerebrospinal fluid -on the surface of many cell typesIt binds to vitamin D and its plasma metabolites and transports them to target tissues
Mechanism of action:
Metabolism:Half life - approx. 5-8 hours.This enzyme plays a role in calcium homeostasis and of calcitriol24-hydroxylasecalcitriolCalcitricacid
Metabolic Actions
Calcirtriole
Intestinal Ca+2 absorption:Increases the absorption of CaIncreases the production of Calmodulin (CaBP).
On bones: Type 1 Collagen osteoclastinOsteoblasts Osteoclast absorption of Cain bones
Calcirtriole
Action on kidneysA major action of calcitriol is to regulate renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D,-1-hydroxylaseIt has been shown that calcitriol brings about a suppression of this enzymeThus it helps to regulate the formation of calcitriol by negative feedback inhibition.
On skeletal and cardiac muscles the rate of Ca uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscles skeletal muscle massCan cause the calcification of cardiac muscle Lead to myocardial failure
On cancer cells:Cancerous cells have receptors for calcitriolCalcitriol represses the cell proliferationSo it along with its analogs can be use for treating the cancer
On skin: melanin synthesis.preventing the skin penetration of sunlight.7-dehydrocholesterol is not converted to pre-vitamin DFeedback regulation.
Endocrine functions:Parathyroid Gland:Inhibits the proliferation of parathyroid cellsInhibits the parathyroid genes form transcriptionThus can be used to treat hyper-parathyroidism.Pituitary glandIncreases prolactin synthesis and secretion from pituitary cells.
Pancreas:vitamin D deficiency inhibited insulin secretion from the pancreas, whereas vitamin D repletion improved insulin secretion
Disorders related to calcitriol:Vitamin D deficiency:Type I:Type II:Body is unable to utilize vitamin D due to defect in the receptor of calcitriol.hydroxylase25,OH –D3calcitriol
Diseases related to vitamin D deficiencyRickets- Softening of bones in children potentially leading to fractures and deformity in bonesThe predominant cause is a vitamin DdeficiencySign & symptoms:Bone pain or tendernessdental problemsmuscle weaknessGrowth disturbanceHypocalcemiaTetany
Treatment and prevention:Increase dietary intake of calcium, phosphates and vitamin D.Exposure to sunlightcod liver oil
OsteomalaciaOsteomalacia is the softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralizationSigns and SymptomsWeak bonesBone painMuscle weaknessHypocalcemiaCompressed vertebraeFracturesBone softeningBending of bonesPain
Treatment Oral administration of vitamin D. Osteomalaciadue to malabsorption may require treatment by injection of significant amounts of vitamin D.
Hypervitaminosis DIs tolerable But deleterious in extreme large dosage 500-1000 times than normalEffects:Immediate effects:AnorexiaThirstLassitude(fatigue) Constipation PolyuriaNausea Vomiting Diarrhoea
Delayed effects: persistent hypercalcemia and hyperphospatemia may resultUrinary lithasisMetastatic calcificationEffecting Kidneys
Bronchi
Arteries
Musclesreview
Calcirtriole
ReferencesResearch paper by U Sipmson & Ronald www.wikipedia.com
AcknowlegdementsAllah AlmightyParentsProf. Dr. Khawaja Muhammad FayyazDr. ShafqatNazirDr. JamshedIqbal.Mam JawariaMam Uummaya
FriendsHaroonGullUsmanBaig.Musa KhanAli AasilTalha TariqMudassir ButtMaazBarlasAtifRanaAbubakrDastgirAtharSaleemGulamMurtaza Sahib

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Calcirtriole

  • 3. Layout:IntroductionBiosynthesis and regulationTransportMechanism of actionMetabolismMetabolic ActionsAbnormalities associated with calcitriol- Hypovitamenosis D - Hypervitamenosis D
  • 4. Introduction:Calcitriol also called 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, active form of vitamin D with three alcohol groupsIt increases the level of calcium (Ca2+) in the blood
  • 5. Biosynthesis and its regulation:Produced in the cells of the proximal tubule of the nephron By the action of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-hydroxylaseThe activity of the enzyme is stimulated by - PTH.- Prolactin - Decreased levels of serum phosphate
  • 6. skin7-dehydro cholesterolPrevitamin D3Vitamin D325-hydroxylase liver25-hydroxycholcalciferol25 hydroxycolcalciferol 1-hydroxylase kidney1,25-dihydroxycol calciferol
  • 8. Transport:Vitamin D-binding protein belongs to the albumin family458 amino acids Coded by 1690 nucleotides on chromosome 4Found in -plasma, -cerebrospinal fluid -on the surface of many cell typesIt binds to vitamin D and its plasma metabolites and transports them to target tissues
  • 10. Metabolism:Half life - approx. 5-8 hours.This enzyme plays a role in calcium homeostasis and of calcitriol24-hydroxylasecalcitriolCalcitricacid
  • 11. Metabolic Actions
  • 13. Intestinal Ca+2 absorption:Increases the absorption of CaIncreases the production of Calmodulin (CaBP).
  • 14. On bones: Type 1 Collagen osteoclastinOsteoblasts Osteoclast absorption of Cain bones
  • 16. Action on kidneysA major action of calcitriol is to regulate renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D,-1-hydroxylaseIt has been shown that calcitriol brings about a suppression of this enzymeThus it helps to regulate the formation of calcitriol by negative feedback inhibition.
  • 17. On skeletal and cardiac muscles the rate of Ca uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscles skeletal muscle massCan cause the calcification of cardiac muscle Lead to myocardial failure
  • 18. On cancer cells:Cancerous cells have receptors for calcitriolCalcitriol represses the cell proliferationSo it along with its analogs can be use for treating the cancer
  • 19. On skin: melanin synthesis.preventing the skin penetration of sunlight.7-dehydrocholesterol is not converted to pre-vitamin DFeedback regulation.
  • 20. Endocrine functions:Parathyroid Gland:Inhibits the proliferation of parathyroid cellsInhibits the parathyroid genes form transcriptionThus can be used to treat hyper-parathyroidism.Pituitary glandIncreases prolactin synthesis and secretion from pituitary cells.
  • 21. Pancreas:vitamin D deficiency inhibited insulin secretion from the pancreas, whereas vitamin D repletion improved insulin secretion
  • 22. Disorders related to calcitriol:Vitamin D deficiency:Type I:Type II:Body is unable to utilize vitamin D due to defect in the receptor of calcitriol.hydroxylase25,OH –D3calcitriol
  • 23. Diseases related to vitamin D deficiencyRickets- Softening of bones in children potentially leading to fractures and deformity in bonesThe predominant cause is a vitamin DdeficiencySign & symptoms:Bone pain or tendernessdental problemsmuscle weaknessGrowth disturbanceHypocalcemiaTetany
  • 24. Treatment and prevention:Increase dietary intake of calcium, phosphates and vitamin D.Exposure to sunlightcod liver oil
  • 25. OsteomalaciaOsteomalacia is the softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralizationSigns and SymptomsWeak bonesBone painMuscle weaknessHypocalcemiaCompressed vertebraeFracturesBone softeningBending of bonesPain
  • 26. Treatment Oral administration of vitamin D. Osteomalaciadue to malabsorption may require treatment by injection of significant amounts of vitamin D.
  • 27. Hypervitaminosis DIs tolerable But deleterious in extreme large dosage 500-1000 times than normalEffects:Immediate effects:AnorexiaThirstLassitude(fatigue) Constipation PolyuriaNausea Vomiting Diarrhoea
  • 28. Delayed effects: persistent hypercalcemia and hyperphospatemia may resultUrinary lithasisMetastatic calcificationEffecting Kidneys
  • 33. ReferencesResearch paper by U Sipmson & Ronald www.wikipedia.com
  • 34. AcknowlegdementsAllah AlmightyParentsProf. Dr. Khawaja Muhammad FayyazDr. ShafqatNazirDr. JamshedIqbal.Mam JawariaMam Uummaya
  • 35. FriendsHaroonGullUsmanBaig.Musa KhanAli AasilTalha TariqMudassir ButtMaazBarlasAtifRanaAbubakrDastgirAtharSaleemGulamMurtaza Sahib