cancer introduction screening riskfactors.pptx
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Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu is a surgical oncologist and consultant at the American Oncology Institute. He specializes in oncoplastic breast surgery with fellowship training in the UK. The document discusses cancer statistics in India, noting that reported cancer incidence was estimated to be 19-20 lakhs in 2022, but the real incidence is likely 1.5-3 times higher due to underreporting. It also discusses that high proportions of cancers in India are detected at late stages, and screening rates are very low compared to other countries like China, UK, and US. The top 5 cancers in India are breast, cervix, oral cavity, lung, and stomach cancers. The document provides information on cancer causes
cancer introduction screening riskfactors.pptx
- 1. DR. KALYAN POLAVARAPU M.S DNB (SURG.ONC) FELLOWSHIP IN ONCOPLASTIC BREAST SURGERY (U.K) CONSULTANT - SURGICAL ONCOLOGIST AMERICAN ONCOLOGY INSTITUTE
- 3. 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 3 Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer develops when the bodys normal control mechanism stops working. Old cells do not die and instead grow out of control, forming new, abnormal cells. These extra cells may form a mass of tissue, called a tumor.
- 5. 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 5 Estimates indicate Indias reported cancer incidence in 2022 to be 19 to 20 lakhs, whereas real incidence is 1.5 to 3 times higher than the reported cases. High proportion of cases continue to be detected at late stages for major cancer types in India.
- 6. The issue of high disease burden is compounded with late-stage detection caused mainly due to lack of awareness and low penetration of screening programs. India has a poor cancer detection rate of 29% Breast Lung & Cervical cancers diagnosed in Stage 1 15 % Stage 2 33% which is significantly lesser than that in China, the UK and the US.
- 7. While at one hand incidence is rising, deaths due to cancer has remained among the top 5 causes of deaths in India over the last decade. Estimates indicate that the total deaths due to cancer have been ~8 to 9 lakh in 2020, causing the mortality to incidence ratio for different cancer types in India being among the poorest compared to global counterparts.
- 8. Based on reported cancer incidence and mortality across age groups and years of potential productive life lost (YPPLL) due to the same, estimates indicate that the economic burden in terms of GDP losses is in the range of US$11B. (0.4% of national GDP) in 2020. The same is projected to increase to US$36B to US$40B by 2030, driven by a projected increase in mortality, improvement in life expectancy and increase in GDP per capita.
- 10. TOP 5 CANCERS IN INDIA Rank Males Females Both sexes 1 Lip, oral cavity Breast Breast 2 Lung Cervix uteri Lip, Oral cavity 3 Stomach Ovary Cervix uteri 4 Colorectum Lip, oral cavity Lung 5 Oesophagus Colorectum Stomach
- 14. A 3-year campaign for impact 2022-2024 Close The Care Gap
- 15. 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 15 2022: Realising the problem 2023: Uniting our voices and taking action
- 18. 2024 : Together, we challenge those in power
- 19. CAUSES OF CANCER
- 30. Given the current state of rising cancer disease burden and sub-optimal quality of outcomes, there is a significant need to understand the current challenges and tailor make interventions across the different stages of disease management with a deep focus on: A. Awareness and Prevention Modifying exposure to risk factors that potentially lead to cancer B. Detection and Diagnosis - Ensuring early detection and accurate staging of the disease C. Treatment including Palliative care - Driving multidisciplinary approach to treatment with focus on affordability, equitable access, quality of outcomes and palliative car
- 31. Awareness Knowledge: Awareness landscape in India is dominated by tobacco and tobacco-related cancers. Knowledge of other common cancers such as cervical is low. Attitude: Few people in India seemed to be concerned about cancer compared to other countries, implying a general attitude of indifference towards cancer. As per the UICC global survey, only 43% respondents in India indicated that they were concerned or somewhat concerned about developing cancer in their lifetime compared to a global average of 58% Practice: Uptake of screening for breast, cervical and oral cancer and HPV vaccination is very low despite moderate levels of awareness. AWARENESS
- 32. CANCER PREVENTION 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 32
- 33. CANCER PREVENTION Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention At least 50% of cancers can be prevented Primary prevention - greatest potential - reduce burden of cancer Through healthy living, public policies & systemic changes 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 33
- 34. Primary prevention involves limiting exposure to carcinogenic risk factors. While there are several carcinogenic risk factors, modifiable risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol, obesity, infectious and environmental factors are amenable to prevention. Enforcement of tobacco restrictions Enabling inclusion of HPV vaccination in the National Immunisation Program En cou ragin g h ealthy b eh aviors :
- 35. Despite the proven benefits of early identification for downstaging the disease as well as in achieving a reduction in mortality and morbidity, screening penetration of key cancers in India is very low. Across focus cancers being screened under the NPCDCS programme, screening coverage is less than 5% of population which is negligible when compared with global peers. SCREENING
- 38. ORAL CANCER 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 38
- 46. 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 46 Somewhere in the world A case of breast cancer is diagnosed every 19 seconds A woman dies from breast cancer every 60 seconds Over the next 25 years Another 42 million new cases are expected worldwide Another 13 million people worldwide will die from breast cancer THE GLOBAL BREAST CANCER CRISIS
- 59. 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 59 Maintain a healthy weight Add exercise into your routine Limit alcohol intake Limit menopausal hormone use Breastfeed, if you can Key Message Make Healthy Lifestyle Choices
- 70. HPV VACCINATION 3/2/2024 Dr. Kalyan Polavarapu 70
- 72. CANCER CONTROL FRAME WORK