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Capeweed and Paterson’s Curse Control

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Rob Richardson

1. The document discusses methods for controlling the invasive weeds Capeweed and Paterson's Curse. 2. Both weeds can germinate after false breaks in weather and summer rain, producing many seeds that remain viable for years. 3. Control methods recommended include spraying herbicides early and selectively, using spray-grazing techniques, and maintaining pastures with competitive species to prevent the weeds from taking hold. 4. The most important thing is to spray the weeds early before they become well established and produce seeds.

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Capeweed and Paterson’s Control
A little bit about Seymour Ag: • Website – SeymourAg.com.au • New company Seymour Ag Supplies • Been going for 7 months • Belong to NRI • Staff consists of – Kate – Jeanette – Myself Aim to provide great products With good service and good advice
Capeweed & Paterson’s Curse
Capeweed & Paterson’s Curse
Capeweed & Paterson’s Curse
Capeweed & Paterson’s Curse
Controlling Paterson’s Curse & Capeweed Latest stages to control these weeds Why??
Capeweed • Likes false breaks – soil temp. 15 deg • Early rains with 3-5 weeks dry best • Rarely germinates after a late break • Seed remains in soil for years • On surface lasts for 2 years • Wrapped in wool improves germination
Toxicity of Capeweed • accumulate nitrate levels high enough (2-4.7% dry matter) to cause toxicity to stock especially after spraying with hormone herbicides like 2,4-D • Early season spraying in warmer temperatures and in dull weather is associated with increased risk of toxicity • Avoid grazing with horses, pigs and young or breeding stock. Animals that have suffered previous nutritional stress appear to be more susceptible to poisoning
Symptoms of Poisioning • Depression, loss of appetite, pale mucous membranes, salivation, gasping, muscle tremors, staggering, collapse, coma and death. • Cattle may suffer rapid death within an hour of exposure
Paterson’s Curse • Germinates on false break • Not a good competitor • Can germinate with a summer rain • Seeds at up to 30,000 seeds per sq metre • Extremely toxic to horses • contains compounds known as pyrolizidine alkaloids • the metabolites of which cause cell death in organs throughout the body
Paterson’s Curse • Liver damage is cumulative • Grazing on it in years when there is little • Then suffering when it is a big year • Non-preferred grazing -- first green pick
Paterson’s Curse • Contains damaging alkaloids • Damages sheep livers • Copper toxicity ----------- care • Cumulative • Plants have higher alkaloid levels at flowering
ALLELOPATHY  Refers to the chemical inhibition of one species by another  These chemicals can inhibit root & shoot growth & nutrient uptake  Prevent other plants from using resources
Examples of Allelopathic Plants • Examples are some gums (sugar gum), wattles, Casuarinas, • Lucerne, clover, vetch and Patersons curse and capeweed?
What does this mean? • These weeds will out compete pasture • Leave bare ground in summer • More potential for these two weeds • Paterson’s Curse can produce 30,000 seeds per square metre
Control Methods • Control when the weeds are small • Have some competition for bare space • Plant competitive species – clover, ryegrass
Control Methods Spray-Graze • sub-lethal doses of chemicals • “sweetens” up weeds making it attractive to stock • Must graze heavily after 7 days • Need good mix of other species • Take stock off enabling pasture to recover
Chemical Control Broadstrike /Multitude • 25g per ha – low rate • Very “soft”, clover, lucerne, grass safe • Add wetter • Works best on sunny days • Good on wild radish, mustards, • Add wetter, oil • Add Igran /Salvation for increased control
Chemical Control Trigrex – Nugrex – various • Combination mixed product • Great on smaller weeds • Safe on clovers etc • Graze after will improve control • Stick to the above brands – different solvents • Wetter
Chemical Control Agtryne • Combined trybryne and MCPA • Single rate – single product • Great for heavy infestations • Some clovers are effected • Rates – • Don’t add wetter!!! There is enough in it
Chemical Control Igran/Salvation + MCPA • Mix the rate to suit the weed size • Start with 300+300 – move up to 500+500 as weeds get bigger • Can be used alone if needed but MCPA seems • To soften Salvation • No Wetter • Prefer Salvation as it has a new cold stable formulation!!
Chemical Control Metsulfuron – Brushoff, Ally, various • Low rates --- Add wetter Care needs to be taken cleaning sprayer • Will kill clover – cannot plant pasture as there is a residual
Chemical Control • And of course Amine 625 • Only spray between April and August • Must graze or weeds will recover • 500 mls/ha • Many brands
Summary 1. Identify the weeds 2. SPRAY EARLY – let the pasture take over 3. Have good pasture species to dominate 4. Don’t graze good pasture to leave bare ground 5. Plant alternative vegetation SPRAY EARLY
MOST IMPORTANT SPRAY EARLY -Plan Now!! See us at Seymour Ag Supplies 36 High Street Seymour Site 106 - 107 03 5792 1855 Rob-- 0408 882 698
Full Presentation Get the full presentation on Our website – www.SeymourAg.com.au Or leave your name and email On the pad or take a card
Capeweed and Paterson’s Curse Control
Capeweed and Paterson’s Curse Control

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Capeweed and Paterson’s Curse Control

  • 2. A little bit about Seymour Ag: • Website – SeymourAg.com.au • New company Seymour Ag Supplies • Been going for 7 months • Belong to NRI • Staff consists of – Kate – Jeanette – Myself Aim to provide great products With good service and good advice
  • 7. Controlling Paterson’s Curse & Capeweed Latest stages to control these weeds Why??
  • 8. Capeweed • Likes false breaks – soil temp. 15 deg • Early rains with 3-5 weeks dry best • Rarely germinates after a late break • Seed remains in soil for years • On surface lasts for 2 years • Wrapped in wool improves germination
  • 9. Toxicity of Capeweed • accumulate nitrate levels high enough (2-4.7% dry matter) to cause toxicity to stock especially after spraying with hormone herbicides like 2,4-D • Early season spraying in warmer temperatures and in dull weather is associated with increased risk of toxicity • Avoid grazing with horses, pigs and young or breeding stock. Animals that have suffered previous nutritional stress appear to be more susceptible to poisoning
  • 10. Symptoms of Poisioning • Depression, loss of appetite, pale mucous membranes, salivation, gasping, muscle tremors, staggering, collapse, coma and death. • Cattle may suffer rapid death within an hour of exposure
  • 11. Paterson’s Curse • Germinates on false break • Not a good competitor • Can germinate with a summer rain • Seeds at up to 30,000 seeds per sq metre • Extremely toxic to horses • contains compounds known as pyrolizidine alkaloids • the metabolites of which cause cell death in organs throughout the body
  • 12. Paterson’s Curse • Liver damage is cumulative • Grazing on it in years when there is little • Then suffering when it is a big year • Non-preferred grazing -- first green pick
  • 13. Paterson’s Curse • Contains damaging alkaloids • Damages sheep livers • Copper toxicity ----------- care • Cumulative • Plants have higher alkaloid levels at flowering
  • 14. ALLELOPATHY  Refers to the chemical inhibition of one species by another  These chemicals can inhibit root & shoot growth & nutrient uptake  Prevent other plants from using resources
  • 15. Examples of Allelopathic Plants • Examples are some gums (sugar gum), wattles, Casuarinas, • Lucerne, clover, vetch and Patersons curse and capeweed?
  • 16. What does this mean? • These weeds will out compete pasture • Leave bare ground in summer • More potential for these two weeds • Paterson’s Curse can produce 30,000 seeds per square metre
  • 17. Control Methods • Control when the weeds are small • Have some competition for bare space • Plant competitive species – clover, ryegrass
  • 18. Control Methods Spray-Graze • sub-lethal doses of chemicals • “sweetens” up weeds making it attractive to stock • Must graze heavily after 7 days • Need good mix of other species • Take stock off enabling pasture to recover
  • 19. Chemical Control Broadstrike /Multitude • 25g per ha – low rate • Very “soft”, clover, lucerne, grass safe • Add wetter • Works best on sunny days • Good on wild radish, mustards, • Add wetter, oil • Add Igran /Salvation for increased control
  • 20. Chemical Control Trigrex – Nugrex – various • Combination mixed product • Great on smaller weeds • Safe on clovers etc • Graze after will improve control • Stick to the above brands – different solvents • Wetter
  • 21. Chemical Control Agtryne • Combined trybryne and MCPA • Single rate – single product • Great for heavy infestations • Some clovers are effected • Rates – • Don’t add wetter!!! There is enough in it
  • 22. Chemical Control Igran/Salvation + MCPA • Mix the rate to suit the weed size • Start with 300+300 – move up to 500+500 as weeds get bigger • Can be used alone if needed but MCPA seems • To soften Salvation • No Wetter • Prefer Salvation as it has a new cold stable formulation!!
  • 23. Chemical Control Metsulfuron – Brushoff, Ally, various • Low rates --- Add wetter Care needs to be taken cleaning sprayer • Will kill clover – cannot plant pasture as there is a residual
  • 24. Chemical Control • And of course Amine 625 • Only spray between April and August • Must graze or weeds will recover • 500 mls/ha • Many brands
  • 25. Summary 1. Identify the weeds 2. SPRAY EARLY – let the pasture take over 3. Have good pasture species to dominate 4. Don’t graze good pasture to leave bare ground 5. Plant alternative vegetation SPRAY EARLY
  • 26. MOST IMPORTANT SPRAY EARLY -Plan Now!! See us at Seymour Ag Supplies 36 High Street Seymour Site 106 - 107 03 5792 1855 Rob-- 0408 882 698
  • 27. Full Presentation Get the full presentation on Our website – www.SeymourAg.com.au Or leave your name and email On the pad or take a card