Cardio digestive herbs
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The document summarizes the actions, medicinal uses, side effects, doses, chemistry, functions, toxicity, and drug interactions of four different herbs: Hawthorn, Garlic, Ginger, and Milk Thistle. Hawthorn has cardio-protective properties and is traditionally used for heart problems. Garlic has lipid-lowering and antihypertensive effects and is used to treat infections and prevent cancer/stroke. Ginger has anti-inflammatory and digestive properties and is used for motion sickness and arthritis. Milk Thistle supports liver regeneration and is used for liver damage from toxins, alcohol, or fatty liver.
Cardio digestive herbs
- 1. Hawthorn Actions: Cardio tonic, cardio protective, antioxidant, hypotensive antiarrhytmic Medicinal Uses: traditional drug to treat heart problems, hypertension, diuretic for kidney problems Side effects: none Doses: 1-3g flower leaves or berry, by infusion fluid extract 3-6 ml, tincture: 1-2 ml (3xd)
- 2. Chemistry, Functions, Toxicity Flavonoids and procyanidins primarily responsible for action cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibition, slowly developing actions. The combined pharmacological effects are positively inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic. Its negative bathmotropic effect makes this herb unique among anti- arrhythmic drugs, plus antilipidemic. No toxicity has been noted
- 3. Herb Drug Interaction Antiarrhytmics ; the herb action is similar to class III antiarrhytmics Antihypertensive nitrates; increased risk of hypotension Cardiac glycosides; increased risk of cardiac toxicity.
- 4. Garlic Action: Lipid lowering, Anti- hypertensive, anti-thrombic, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, anti- bacterial anti-tumor Medicinal Uses: lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride elevate HDL, treatments of infections, high blood pressure , Stroke and cancer of GI tract prevention. Side effects: low-medium Doses: up to 1 g of std ext 2- 5mg allicin.
- 5. Chemistry, Functions, Toxicity alliin, converted by the enzyme alliinase to allicin. Functions: Antibacterial/Antifungal - Antimycotic/Antiviral - Hypoglycemic - Anticoagulant (antiplatelet aggregating) - Fibrinolytic activity enhancement - Lipid lowering - Antioxidant/Anticancer - Hypotensive - Hepatoprotective - Immunomodulatory Large oral intakes can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms, changes to intestinal flora and allergic reactions. Garlic is contraindicated before surgery
- 6. Herb Drug Interaction Acetaminophen and other drugs metabolized by CYP2E1 Anticoagulants, NSAIDs, prostacyclin Antidiabetics Herbs exert anticoagulation, antihyperglycemic effect
- 7. Ginger Actions: Antiemetic, anti- inflammatory, digestive stimulant, antiplatelet, spasmolytic, carminative. Medicinal uses: relieving motion sickness, used in variety of GI disorder, prevent lipid peroxidation, treat parasitic infections, circulatory stimulant (positive inotropic), arthritis Side effects: low Doses:0.5-1g of fresh or dried root 500 mg candy, 1-2ml tincture
- 8. Chemistry, Functions, Toxicity volatile oils and nonvolatile pungent compounds (zingeberene, curcumene, farnesene, and gingerol, shogaol) The following functions have been tested experimentally: Anti-emetic activity, Antiserotoninergic activity and gastrointestinal motility effect, Muscular contractility in the gastrointestinal tract. Ability to neutralize toxins and anti-tumor effect. Anti-inflammatory effect. Immune system potentiation Platelet aggregation ,Fibrinolysis No toxicity (at pharmacologic dose) dont use it for morning sickness
- 9. Herb Drug Interaction Large doses may increase bleeding time Large doses cardiac arrhythmias, depression
- 10. Milk thistle Actions: hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cholerectic Medicinal Uses: regeneration of hepatocytes, cirrhosis, poisonous, alcoholic liver damage, fatty liver, expelling gallstone. Side effects:none low Doses: 140 mg (2xd std for sylimarine) 1-5ml tincture
- 11. Chemistry, Functions, Toxicity Silymarin may stimulate the action of nucleolar polymerase A, resulting in an increase in ribosomal protein synthesis, thereby stimulating the regenerative ability of the liver and the formation of new hepatocytes. Silybin, the active constituent of silymarin has been reported to work as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals.
- 12. Herb Drug Interaction Aspirin: improve clearance in patients with cirrhosis Cisplatin: prevent kidney damage Disulfiram: drugs containing alcohol may cause disulfiram like reactions Tacrine: reduces adverse cholinergic effects Hepatotoxic drugs: prevent liver damage caused by butyrophenones, phenothiazines, phenytoin, acetaminophen, and halothane.