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CELL BIOLOGY II

Histology (Anatomy 115)
UCSF School of Pharmacy
          2008
      Peter Ralston
Overview of the Cell

Organelles:
multienzyme complexes
that perform speci鍖c functions
THE NUCLEUS
Figure 3-4
 Watson and Crick deduced that DNA was a
   double helix
       Through observations of the X-ray
        crystallographic images of DNA
                              G                   C
                                      A                       T
                                              T           A

                          1 nm

                                                                  C
                                                      G
                                                                      3.4 nm
                                  C           G
                              A               T
                     C        G



                      T           A

                          T               A
                                  A                       T

                                                          T
                                          A



                                                  G           C
                                                                      0.34 nm
                                      A                   T

Figure 16.7a, c   (a) Key features of DNA structure                             (c) Space-filling model
 In DNA replication
                     The parent molecule unwinds, and two new daughter
                      strands are built based on base-pairing rules



                                                                                              T
                                                                                                                                                    T
              A        T                                                T                                                                  A
                                                                                                     A          T               T
                                                A                                A                                     A
                                                                                           G        C                                              G
              C        G                                                G                                                                  C
                                                                                                                G               G
                                                C                                C                                     C
                                                                                          A
              T        A                                                A                                                                   T      A
                                                                                                                A               A
                                                T                                T                                     T
                                                                                                     T
                                                                                          T                                                         T
              A        T                                                T                                                                  A
                                                A                                A                              T      A        T
                                                                                                      A
              G        C                                                C                 C                                                 G       C
                                                                                                                C               C
                                                G                                G                                     G
                                                                                                      G


(a) The parent molecule has two                                                 (c) Each parental strand now        (d) The nucleotides are connected
                                         (b) The first step in replication is
    complementary strands of DNA.                                                   serves as a template that            to form the sugar-phosphate
                                             separation of the two DNA
    Each base is paired by hydrogen                                                 determines the order of             backbones of the new strands.
                                             strands.
    bonding with its specific partner,                                              nucleotides along a new,            Each daughter DNA
    A with T and G with C.                                                          complementary strand.               molecule consists of one parental
                                                                                                                        strand and one new strand.



Figure 16.9 ad
Figure 3-12
Figure 3-15
Figure 3-17
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
        (ER)
Campbell: Fig. 16.10-a
Figure 2-16
Figure 2-17
Cell Biology
Figure 2-15
Figure 2-18
Figure 2-19
THE GOLGI COMPLEX
Campbell: Fig. 16.10-b
Campbell: Fig. 16.13
Figure 2-23
LYSOSOMES
Figure 2-27
Figure 2-24
Figure 2-25
MITOCHONDRIA
Figure 2-12
Campbell: Fig. 16.17

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