Cells Part 2
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- Cells can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotes lack internal membranes and organelles while eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, mainly a nucleus. - The main organelles in cells include the nucleus, which houses DNA; the cell membrane, which regulates movement in and out of the cell; and organelles like the mitochondria and chloroplasts that produce energy for the cell. - Other organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, lysosomes, cytoplasm, and cell wall. Each organelle performs a specific function like transport, packaging, waste removal, or structural support for the cell.
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Cells Part 2
- 2. CellsProkaryote- most basic cells. Have no internal membranes. NO Nucleus- just a nucleoid where the DNA hangs out. Most prokaryotes are single celled organisms (unicellular).
- 3. CellsEukaryotes- have membrane bound organelles (mainly the nucleus)multicellular
- 4. OrganellesNucleus- where DNA is housedControl center
- 5. OrganellesCell membrane- regulates the movement in and out of the cell‘shell’ or ‘skin’
- 6. OrganellesCell wall- hard protective barrier around the cell membrane, gives supportOnly found in plants
- 7. OrganellVauole- fluid filled sac. Helps hold shape and provide water.
- 8. OrganellesEndoplasmic reticulum- folded tubes that move things around the cell
- 9. OrganellesGolgi body- makes and packages proteins delivered by the ER
- 10. OrganellesMitochondria- produce energy (burn food for energy)‘Powerhouse’ of the animal cell
- 11. OrganellesChlorplasts- produce energy for plant cellsPowerhouse of plants (green)
- 12. OrganellesRibosomes- make proteinsTiny circular dots. Can be alone or on the ER.
- 13. OrganellesLysosomes- break down food and old organelles‘stomach’ of a cell
- 14. OrganellesCytoplasm- provides cushion for the organelles‘gel’ in the cell
- 15. Questions?
- 16. Definition Assignment due D+1(approx 30 minutes)(15 pts) Use 3 different websites to find the definitions of each Organelle. Write the your definitions in Word, include the site URLs that you used. (5 pts) With each organelle definition, include whether that organelle is present in prokaryote or eukaryote, plant or animal. (10 pts)And give a short explanation of how each works/what it does in your own words. Email your word document to me.
- 17. Cell Creation Assignmentdue D+2 (approx 30 minutes)Create a prokaryote cell and a eukaryote cell, both animal and plant. This can be done by hand and uploaded or created on the computer. Grades- (30 pts) Approximate, based on bottom bulletA: 3 cells, clearly labeled with color and all defined words B+: 3 cells, has all parts, clearly labeled, not coloredB- 2 cells, has all parts, clearly labeled with words and colorC: 2 cells, has all parts, clearly labeled, not marked by colorD: 2 cells, has all parts, not clearly marked or 100% labeledF: one cell onlyMissing 10% of major parts drops a letter grade.
- 18. Extra Creditdue day of Test(+15 pts) For extra credit, create a diagram that shows how all the cell parts are connected/work together. Examples include a flow chart, an explanatory paragraph, or a short video clip/ illustration.
Editor's Notes
- #2: Cells- Ch 4
- #3: Membrane, DNA, Ribosomes and cytoplasm are the main parts. This one has a tail to move.
- #4: Eukaryotes are part of multicellular organisms.
- #6: Cells in general are tiny (with the exception of bird eggs). This has to do with some basic math. This diagram gives you the equations to calculate Surface Area and Volume of a sphere.
- #16: Research the definition of each organelle, tell which cells (prokaryote or Eukaryote, plant or animal) has this organelle, and explain how each works.