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OneOne
ChapterChapter
Introduction to
EMS Systems
Components of the EMS system
Roles and Responsibilities of the
EMT-B
Quality improvement and the role of
the EMT-B in the process
Medical direction (on-line, off-line,
and standing orders)
CORE CONCEPTSCORE CONCEPTSOneOne
ChapterChapter
BystandersBystanders
Emergency MedicalEmergency Medical
DispatchersDispatchers
First RespondersFirst Responders
Emergency MedicalEmergency Medical
TechniciansTechnicians
EmergencyEmergency
Department StaffDepartment Staff
Specialty CentersSpecialty Centers
Allied HealthAllied Health
PersonnelPersonnel
TTHE EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICESHE EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES
SYSTEM: COMPONENTSSYSTEM: COMPONENTS
The chain of human resources thatThe chain of human resources that
make up the EMS systemmake up the EMS system
RegulationRegulation
and Policyand Policy
ResourceResource
ManagementManagement
Human ResourcesHuman Resources
and Trainingand Training
TransportationTransportation
FacilitiesFacilities
CommunicationsCommunications
Public InformationPublic Information
and Educationand Education
Medical DirectionMedical Direction
Trauma SystemsTrauma Systems
EvaluationEvaluation
NHTSA TechnicalNHTSA Technical
Assistance ProgramAssistance Program
Components of theComponents of the
Health Care SystemHealth Care System
Emergency departmentsEmergency departments
Specialty facilitiesSpecialty facilities
 Trauma centersTrauma centers
 Burn centersBurn centers
 Pediatric centersPediatric centers
 Poison control centersPoison control centers
 Other specialty centersOther specialty centers
Hospital PersonnelHospital Personnel
PhysiciansPhysicians
NursesNurses
Other health professionalsOther health professionals
Liaison with OtherLiaison with Other
Public Safety WorkersPublic Safety Workers
Local law enforcementLocal law enforcement
State and federalState and federal
law enforcementlaw enforcement
Accessing the EMS SystemAccessing the EMS System
911911
Communities without 911Communities without 911
Levels of EMS TrainingLevels of EMS Training
First responderFirst responder
Emergency medicalEmergency medical
techniciantechnician
 BasicBasic
 IntermediateIntermediate
 ParamedicParamedic
National EMS Education &National EMS Education &
Practice BlueprintPractice Blueprint
Outlines the skills expected atOutlines the skills expected at
each level of EMS training:each level of EMS training:
First ResponderFirst Responder
EMT-BasicEMT-Basic
EMT-IntermediateEMT-Intermediate
EMT-ParamedicEMT-Paramedic
RROLES ANDOLES AND
RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES
OF THE EMT-BOF THE EMT-B
Roles and ResponsibilitiesRoles and Responsibilities
Personal safetyPersonal safety
Safety of crew, patient,Safety of crew, patient,
and bystandersand bystanders
Patient care based onPatient care based on
assessment findingsassessment findings
Lifting and movingLifting and moving
patients safelypatients safely
Transport/transferTransport/transfer
of careof care
Record-keeping/Record-keeping/
data collectiondata collection
Patient advocacyPatient advocacy
Professional AttributesProfessional Attributes
Maintains professional appearanceMaintains professional appearance
Keeps knowledge and skills up to dateKeeps knowledge and skills up to date
Puts patients needs as a priorityPuts patients needs as a priority
without endangering selfwithout endangering self
Maintains current knowledge of local,Maintains current knowledge of local,
state, and national issues affecting EMSstate, and national issues affecting EMS
Help the new EMT-Bs integrate
classroom knowledge into the field
experience. Allow the newcomer to
cement a foundation of knowledge
and skills before you provide new
tricks.
PPRECEPTORRECEPTOR PPEARLEARL
QQUALITYUALITY
IMPROVEMENTIMPROVEMENT
Quality ImprovementQuality Improvement
A system of internal/external reviewsA system of internal/external reviews
and audits of all aspects of an EMSand audits of all aspects of an EMS
system to identify those needingsystem to identify those needing
improvement to ensure that the publicimprovement to ensure that the public
receives the highest quality ofreceives the highest quality of
prehospital care.prehospital care.
Role of EMT-B in QI ProcessRole of EMT-B in QI Process
DocumentationDocumentation
Reviews and auditsReviews and audits
Gathering feedback fromGathering feedback from
hospital staffhospital staff
Preventive maintenancePreventive maintenance
Continuing educationContinuing education
Skill maintenanceSkill maintenance
MMEDICALEDICAL
DIRECTIONDIRECTION
Medical DirectionMedical Direction
A physician responsible for theA physician responsible for the
clinical and patient care aspects of anclinical and patient care aspects of an
EMS system.EMS system.
Every ambulance/rescue squad mustEvery ambulance/rescue squad must
have physician medical direction.have physician medical direction.
Types of Medical DirectionTypes of Medical Direction
On-lineOn-line
 TelephoneTelephone
 RadioRadio
Off-lineOff-line
 ProtocolsProtocols
 Standing ordersStanding orders
EMT-B Relationship withEMT-B Relationship with
Medical DirectionMedical Direction
Designated agent of the physician.Designated agent of the physician.
Care rendered is considered anCare rendered is considered an
extension of the medical directorsextension of the medical directors
authorityauthority (varies by state law)(varies by state law)..
1. What are the components of the1. What are the components of the
EMS system?EMS system?
2. What are the roles and responsibilities2. What are the roles and responsibilities
of the EMT-B?of the EMT-B?
3. What is QI and the EMT-Bs role in it?3. What is QI and the EMT-Bs role in it?
4. What is the difference between on-line4. What is the difference between on-line
direction, off-line direction, and standingdirection, off-line direction, and standing
orders?orders?
RREVIEW QUESTIONSEVIEW QUESTIONS

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  • 2. Components of the EMS system Roles and Responsibilities of the EMT-B Quality improvement and the role of the EMT-B in the process Medical direction (on-line, off-line, and standing orders) CORE CONCEPTSCORE CONCEPTSOneOne ChapterChapter
  • 3. BystandersBystanders Emergency MedicalEmergency Medical DispatchersDispatchers First RespondersFirst Responders Emergency MedicalEmergency Medical TechniciansTechnicians EmergencyEmergency Department StaffDepartment Staff Specialty CentersSpecialty Centers Allied HealthAllied Health PersonnelPersonnel TTHE EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICESHE EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES SYSTEM: COMPONENTSSYSTEM: COMPONENTS
  • 4. The chain of human resources thatThe chain of human resources that make up the EMS systemmake up the EMS system
  • 5. RegulationRegulation and Policyand Policy ResourceResource ManagementManagement Human ResourcesHuman Resources and Trainingand Training TransportationTransportation FacilitiesFacilities CommunicationsCommunications Public InformationPublic Information and Educationand Education Medical DirectionMedical Direction Trauma SystemsTrauma Systems EvaluationEvaluation NHTSA TechnicalNHTSA Technical Assistance ProgramAssistance Program
  • 6. Components of theComponents of the Health Care SystemHealth Care System Emergency departmentsEmergency departments Specialty facilitiesSpecialty facilities Trauma centersTrauma centers Burn centersBurn centers Pediatric centersPediatric centers Poison control centersPoison control centers Other specialty centersOther specialty centers
  • 8. Liaison with OtherLiaison with Other Public Safety WorkersPublic Safety Workers Local law enforcementLocal law enforcement State and federalState and federal law enforcementlaw enforcement
  • 9. Accessing the EMS SystemAccessing the EMS System 911911 Communities without 911Communities without 911
  • 10. Levels of EMS TrainingLevels of EMS Training First responderFirst responder Emergency medicalEmergency medical techniciantechnician BasicBasic IntermediateIntermediate ParamedicParamedic
  • 11. National EMS Education &National EMS Education & Practice BlueprintPractice Blueprint Outlines the skills expected atOutlines the skills expected at each level of EMS training:each level of EMS training: First ResponderFirst Responder EMT-BasicEMT-Basic EMT-IntermediateEMT-Intermediate EMT-ParamedicEMT-Paramedic
  • 13. Roles and ResponsibilitiesRoles and Responsibilities Personal safetyPersonal safety Safety of crew, patient,Safety of crew, patient, and bystandersand bystanders Patient care based onPatient care based on assessment findingsassessment findings Lifting and movingLifting and moving patients safelypatients safely Transport/transferTransport/transfer of careof care Record-keeping/Record-keeping/ data collectiondata collection Patient advocacyPatient advocacy
  • 14. Professional AttributesProfessional Attributes Maintains professional appearanceMaintains professional appearance Keeps knowledge and skills up to dateKeeps knowledge and skills up to date Puts patients needs as a priorityPuts patients needs as a priority without endangering selfwithout endangering self Maintains current knowledge of local,Maintains current knowledge of local, state, and national issues affecting EMSstate, and national issues affecting EMS
  • 15. Help the new EMT-Bs integrate classroom knowledge into the field experience. Allow the newcomer to cement a foundation of knowledge and skills before you provide new tricks. PPRECEPTORRECEPTOR PPEARLEARL
  • 17. Quality ImprovementQuality Improvement A system of internal/external reviewsA system of internal/external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMSand audits of all aspects of an EMS system to identify those needingsystem to identify those needing improvement to ensure that the publicimprovement to ensure that the public receives the highest quality ofreceives the highest quality of prehospital care.prehospital care.
  • 18. Role of EMT-B in QI ProcessRole of EMT-B in QI Process DocumentationDocumentation Reviews and auditsReviews and audits Gathering feedback fromGathering feedback from hospital staffhospital staff Preventive maintenancePreventive maintenance Continuing educationContinuing education Skill maintenanceSkill maintenance
  • 20. Medical DirectionMedical Direction A physician responsible for theA physician responsible for the clinical and patient care aspects of anclinical and patient care aspects of an EMS system.EMS system. Every ambulance/rescue squad mustEvery ambulance/rescue squad must have physician medical direction.have physician medical direction.
  • 21. Types of Medical DirectionTypes of Medical Direction On-lineOn-line TelephoneTelephone RadioRadio Off-lineOff-line ProtocolsProtocols Standing ordersStanding orders
  • 22. EMT-B Relationship withEMT-B Relationship with Medical DirectionMedical Direction Designated agent of the physician.Designated agent of the physician. Care rendered is considered anCare rendered is considered an extension of the medical directorsextension of the medical directors authorityauthority (varies by state law)(varies by state law)..
  • 23. 1. What are the components of the1. What are the components of the EMS system?EMS system? 2. What are the roles and responsibilities2. What are the roles and responsibilities of the EMT-B?of the EMT-B? 3. What is QI and the EMT-Bs role in it?3. What is QI and the EMT-Bs role in it? 4. What is the difference between on-line4. What is the difference between on-line direction, off-line direction, and standingdirection, off-line direction, and standing orders?orders? RREVIEW QUESTIONSEVIEW QUESTIONS