22. C?ng th?ng tin C?ng th?ng tin (Information portal) : l¨¤ m?t ?i?m truy c?p ??n th?ng qua tr¨¬nh duy?t Web t?i c¨¢c th?ng tin kinh doanh trong v¨¤/hay ngo¨¤i t? ch?c, doanh nghi?p
23. C?ng th?ng tin (cont.) S¨¢u lo?i c?ng th?ng tin C?ng th??ng m?i C?ng t?p ?o¨¤n C?ng c?ng c?ng C?ng c¨¢ nh?n C?ng di ??ng: l¨¤ c?ng th?ng tin c¨® th? truy c?p th?ng qua c¨¢c thi?t b? di ??ng C?ng ?m thanh: l¨¤ c?ng c¨® th? truy c?p th?ng qua ?i?n tho?i
24. S? trung gian v¨¤ gia c?ng l?i trong TM?T Trung gian-m?i gi?i (brokers) cung c?p nh?ng ho?t ??ng t?ng th¨ºm gi¨¢ tr? v¨¤ cung c?p d?ch v? gi?a ng??i mua v¨¤ ng??i b¨¢n. Trung gian trong th? gi?i v?t l? l¨¤ c¨¢c nh¨¤ b¨¢n bu?n hay c¨¢c nh¨¤ b¨¢n l? Trung gian: Trung gian trong m?i tr??ng ?i?n t? l¨¤ ?i?u khi?n lu?ng th?ng tin trong kh?ng gian ?i?u khi?n, lu?n thu th?p th?ng tin v¨¤ b¨¢n ch¨²ng cho ng??i kh¨¢c
26. S? trung gian v¨¤ gia c?ng l?i trong TM?T (cont.) Vai tr¨° v¨¤ gi¨¢ tr? c?a trung gian trong ch? ?i?n T¨¬m ki?m gi¨¢ Thi?u t¨ªnh c¨¢ nh?n Thi?u th?ng tin ho¨¤n thi?n h?n ch? r? ro Ng? gi¨¢ kh?ng hi?u qu?
27. S? trung gian v¨¤ gia c?ng l?i trong TM?T (cont.) Nh¨¤ ph?n ph?i ?i?n t? trong B2B Nh¨¤ ph?n ph?i ?i?n t?: m?t s? trung gian trong TM?T l¨¤ li¨ºn k?t nh¨¤ s?n xu?t v?i ng??i mua b?ng c¨¢ch t?p h?p c¨¢c catalog c?a nh¨¤ s?n xu?t trong Web site c?a nh¨¤ trung gian. B?o tr¨¬, s?a ch?a, v¨¤ th?c thi(MROs): L¨¤ m?t chu?i c¨¢c ho?t ??ng trong h?p ??ng kh?ng ch¨ªnh th?c v?i nh¨¤ cung c?p
28. S? trung gian v¨¤ gia c?ng l?i trong TM?T (cont.) K?t th¨²c m?i g?i v¨¤ m?i gi?i l?i K?t th¨²c m?i gi?i: Lo?i b? s? m?i gi?i gi?a ng??i mua v¨¤ ng??i b¨¢n M?i gi?i l?i: T?o ra m?i gi?i m?i cho m?i gi?i c? ?? b? hu? b?
29. S? trung gian v¨¤ gia c?ng l?i trong TM?T (cont.) Nghi?p ?o¨¤n trong c? c?u TM?T Gia c?ng l?i: Ng??i b¨¢n c?a m?t v¨¤i h¨¤ng ho¨¢ t?i nhi?u kh¨¢ch h¨¤ng, h? t¨ªch h?p n¨® v?i c¨¢c th? kh¨¢c ?? b¨¢n l?i
30. Diamonds Forever¡ªOnline The age-old business of gem buying is very inefficient: Several layers of intermediaries can jack up the price of a gem 1,000% between wholesale and final retail prices
31. Diamonds Forever¡ªOnline (cont.) American Don Kogen made his fortune in Chanthaburi (Thailand)¡ªone of the world¡¯s leading centers for processing gems He started by purchasing low-grade gems from sellers that arrived early in the morning and then selling them for a small profit to dealers who arrived late in the day This quick turnover of inventory helped him build up his capital resources He reached the U.S. gem market using advertising
32. Diamonds Forever¡ªOnline (cont.) Using faxes, he shortened the order time In 1998, Kogen decided to use the Internet¡ªestablishing thaigem.com and sold his first gem online By 2001, the revenue from his online business reached $4.3 million, and it more than doubled (to $9.8 million) in 2002 Online sales account for 85 percent of the revenue The buyers are mostly dealers or retailers such as Wal-Mart or QVC
33. Diamonds Forever¡ªOnline (cont.) He buys raw or refined gems from all over the world, some online, catering to the demand of his customers Thaigem¡¯s competitive edge is low prices The proximity to gem processing factories and the low labor cost enable prices significantly lower than his online competitors
34. Diamonds Forever¡ªOnline (cont.) Unsatisfied customers can return merchandise within 30 days, no questions asked Delivery to any place in the world is made via Federal Express, at about $15 per shipment
35. Catalog ?i?n t? Catalog ?i?n t?: Th? hi?n c¨¢c th?ng tin v? s?n ph?m trong m?t khu?n m?u ?i?n t?; n¨® l¨¤ ph?n x??ng s?ng trong c¨¢c Web site b¨¢n h¨¤ng ?i?n t? Ccatalog ?i?n t? c¨® th? ???c ph?n lo?i nh? sau: Th?ng tin th? hi?n ??ng M?c ?? c¨¢ nh?n ho¨¢ T¨ªch h?p v?i c¨¢c qu¨¢ tr¨¬nh kinh doanh
40. Electronic Catalogs at Boise Cascade Boise Cascade Office Products $4-billion office products wholesaler customer base includes over 100,000 large corporate customers and 1 million small ones 900-page paper catalog used to be mailed to customers once each year Boise also sent mini-catalogs tailored to customers¡¯ individual needs based on past buying habits and purchase patterns
41. Electronic Catalogs at Boise Cascade (cont.) In 1996, the company placed its catalogs online Customers view the catalog at boiseoffice.com and can order straight from the site or submit orders by e-mail The orders are shipped the next day Customers are then billed In 1997, the company generated 20 percent of its sales through the Web site
42. Electronic Catalogs at Boise Cascade (cont.) Boise expects the Internet business to generate 80 percent of its total sales by 2004 Boise prepares thousands of individualized catalogs for its customers paper customer catalog, primarily because As of 2002, the company has been sending paper catalogs only when specifically requested It used to take about 6 weeks to produce a single of the time involved in pulling together all the data
43. Electronic Catalogs at Boise Cascade (cont.) Now the process of producing a Web catalog that is searchable, rich in content, and available in a variety of formats takes only 1 week One major advantage of customized catalogs is pricing Boise estimates that electronic orders cost approximately 55 percent less to process than paper-based orders
46. ??u gi¨¢ trong c? c?u ch? ?i?n t? trong TM?T (cont.) ??u gi¨¢ ?i?n t? (e-auctions): ??u gi¨¢ ???c k?t n?i tr?c tuy?n Host sites tr¨ºn m¨¢y ch? Internet nh? l¨¤ c¨¢c nh¨¤ m?i gi?i, ??a ra c¨¢c d?ch v? cho ng??i b¨¢n ?? h? g?i h¨¤ng ho¨¢ c?n b¨¢n v¨¤ cho ph¨¦p ng??i mua ??u th?u nh?ng h¨¤ng n¨¤y Conventional business practices that traditionally have relied on contracts and fixed prices are increasingly being converted into auctions with bidding for online procurements
47. ??u gi¨¢ trong c? c?u ch? ?i?n t? trong TM?T (cont.) Gi¨¢ ??ng: Gi¨¢ thay ??i d?a v¨¤o quan h? cung v¨¤ c?u t?i th?i ?i?m ??a ra. At what price would you buy/sell today?
56. Reverse Mortgage Auctions in Singapore Homebuyers in Singapore, find the lowest mortgage rates at Dollardex ( dollarDEX.com ) Reverse auctions are combined with ¡°group purchasing¡± saving: $20,000 over the life of a mortgage for each homeowner $1,200 in waived legal fees
57. Reverse Mortgage Auctions in Singapore (cont.) Dollardex¡¯s first project: The site invited potential buyers in three residential properties in Singapore to join the service Applications, including financial credentials, were made on a secure Web site Seven lending banks were invited to bid on the loans
58. Reverse Mortgage Auctions in Singapore (cont.) In a secure ¡°electronic room,¡± borrowers and lenders negotiated final terms After 2 days of negotiations of interest rates and special conditions, the borrowers voted on one bank 18 borrowers on the United Overseas Bank (UOB), paying about 0.5 percent less than the regular mortgage interest rate as well as the waiver of the legal fees
59. Reverse Mortgage Auctions in Singapore (cont.) UOB generated $10 million of business Dollardex allows customers to participate in an individual reverse auction if they do not want to join a group Flexibility is high; in addition to interest rates, banks are willing to negotiate down payment size and the option of switching from a fixed-rate to variable-rate loan
60. Reverse Mortgage Auctions in Singapore (cont.) On average, there are 2.6 bank bids per customer As of summer 2003 Dollardex.com also offers car loans, insurance policies, and travel services Allows comparisons of mutual funds that have agreed to give lower front-end fees
61. Reverse Mortgage Auctions in Singapore (cont.) Provides unit trusts in which you want to invest Sets up a gift registry page for your wedding and invite your givers to place funds in them Reports and advice are also available online as well as face-to-face
62. Trao ??i tr?c tuy?n S? trao ??i: L¨¤ s? ??i ch¨¢c h¨¤ng ho¨¢ hay d?ch v? S? trao ??i ?i?n t?: l¨¤ s? trao ??i ???c k?t n?i tr?c tuy?n Bartering exchange: A marketplace in which an intermediary arranges barter transactions
65. TM?T trong m?i tr??ng kh?ng d?y: M-Commerce M¨¢y t¨ªnh di ??ng: Cho ph¨¦p truy c?p th?i gian th?c t?i th?ng tin, ?ng d?ng, v¨¤ c¨¢c c?ng c?, m¨¤ m?i g?n ??y n¨® ch? ???c truy c?p t? m¨¢y t¨ªnh desktop. Th??ng m?i di ??ng (m-commerce): L¨¤ th??ng m?i ?i?n t? ???c k?t n?i th?ng qua c¨¢c thi?t b? kh?ng d?y Kinh doanh di ??ng: l¨¤ m?t ngh?a r?ng h?n c?a th??ng m?i di ??ng, trong ?¨® kinh doanh di ??ng ???c li¨ºn k?t trong m?i tr??ng kh?ng d?y.
66. TM?T trong m?i tr??ng kh?ng d?y: M-Commerce (cont.) T??ng lai c?a th??ng m?i kh?ng d?y TMD? l¨¤ thay ??i c¨® ? ngh?a c¨¢ch th?c m?i ng??i v¨¤ c¨¢c ??i t¨¢c kinh doanh c?a h? t??ng t¨¢c, truy?n th?ng v¨¤ h?p t¨¢c v?i nhau. C¨¢c ?ng d?ng di ??ng c¨® kh? n?ng l¨¤m thay ??i c¨¢c s?ng, c¨¢ch ch?i v¨¤ c¨¢ch kinh doanh c?a ch¨²ng ta. Ph?n nhi?u v?n ho¨¢ Internet c¨® th? thay ??i d?a v¨¤ c¨¢c thi?t b? di ??ng. Th??ng m?i di ??ng t?o n¨ºn m?t m? h¨¬nh kinh doanh m?i cho TM?T, nh?t l¨¤ c¨¢c ?ng d?ng ??a ph??ng.
67. TM?T trong m?i tr??ng kh?ng d?y: M-Commerce (cont.) DoCoMo¡¯s (nttdocomo.com) i-Mode¡ªpioneering wireless service¡ªwith a few clicks on a handset, i-Mode users can conduct a large variety of m-commerce activities Shopping guides Maps and transportation Ticketing News and reports Personalized movie service Entertainment Dining and reservations Additional services
68. C¨¢c v?n ?? trong ch? ?i?n t?: kh? n?ng thanh to¨¢n, ch?t l??ng, v¨¤ c¨¢c y?u t? th¨¤nh c?ng Early liquidity: Achieving a critical mass of buyers and sellers as fast as possible, before a start-up company¡¯s cash disappears Quality uncertainty: The uncertainty of online buyers about the quality of non-commodity type products that they have never seen, especially from an unknown vendor Microproduct: A small digital product costing a few cents
76. C?nh tranh trong n?n kinh t? s? (cont.) Porter¡¯s competitive forces model: The model that says that five major forces of competition determine industry structure and how economic value is divided among the industry players in the industry; analysis of these forces helps companies develop their competitive strategy
77. Exhibit 2.9 Porter¡¯s Competitive Forces Model: How the Internet Influences Industry Structure
78. ?nh h??ng c?a ch? ?i?n t? trong kinh doanh Qu¨¢ tr¨¬nh v¨¤ t? ch?c Ph¨¢t tri?n tr?c ti?p marketing N?ng cao s?n ph?m T?o k¨ºnh b¨¢n h¨¤ng m?i Ti?t ki?m Gi?m th?i gian lu?n chuy?n N?ng cao d?ch v? kh¨¢ch h¨¤ng Brand or corporate image S?n ph?m theo y¨ºu c?u kh¨¢ch h¨¤ng Qu?ng c¨¢o H? th?ng ??t h¨¤ng Th?c hi?n th? tr??ng
85. Thay ??i t? ch?c (cont.) ?nh h??ng tr¨ºn t¨¤i ch¨ªnh v¨¤ k? to¨¢n Executing an electronic order triggers an action in what is called the back office that include: buyers¡¯ credit checks product availability checks order confirmation changes in accounts payable, receivables, billing, and much more These activities must be efficient, synchronized, and fast so that the electronic trade will not be slowed down
86. Thay ??i t? ch?c (cont.) ?nh h??ng qu?n l? ngu?n nh?n l?c TM?T ?ang l¨¤m thay ??i c¨¢ch con ng??i ???c ?¨¢nh gi¨¢, th?ng ti?n, v¨¤ ph¨¢t tri?n TM?T c?ng thay ??i c¨¢ch th?c ng??i ta gi¨¢o d?c v¨¤ ?¨¤o t?o nh?n vi¨ºn. C¨¢c c?ng ty c?t gi?m gi¨¢ th¨¤nh ?¨¤o t?o tr¨ºn 50% M?t h? th?ng ?¨¤o t?o m?i ??a ra video hai chi?u , t??ng t¨¢c ??ng, v¨¤ c¨¢c ?ng d?ng chia s?.
87. Qu?n l? v?n ?? C?nh tranh trong n?n kinh t? s? nh? th? n¨¤o ? Trung gian l¨¤ c¨¢i g¨¬? C¨¢c t? ch?c ph?i c?n thi?t thay ??i nh?ng g¨¬?
