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Chapter 2 process skills

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Kristin Eaquinto

This document discusses several key process skills used in science: 1. Classification involves grouping objects into categories based on shared properties, and can be binary or involve multiple stages. Dichotomous keys aid in classification. 2. Measurement requires quantifying variables using instruments and standard or non-standard units to enable consistent comparisons. 3. Communication is conveying information from one part to another, including recording and presenting data. 4. Inference uses observations and prior knowledge to draw tentative conclusions.

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Process SkillsSCED 570, Fall 2011 Chap2.
Classification Process of grouping Binary classification: Sorting objects into 2 groups based on a particular propertyMultistage classification Serial classification: sorting objects in a logical order on the basis of the extent or degree to which they demonstrate a common attribute Dichotomous key: a tool that scientists can use to help identify a particular specimen
Serial classification
Serial classification
Measurement Quantify variables using a variety of instruments and nonstandard/standard unitsNonstandard units: it is difficult to consistently compare objects that cannot be held side by sideStandard units: enable consistent descriptions and comparisons of measured objects that are not side by side and cannot be directly compared
CommunicationConvey information from one part to another Record data in multiple ways and present them to others
Inference Interpretation of observationDraw a tentative conclusion about objects, organism, or events base on observation and prior knowledge
Inference You will find a line drawing of fossil tracks found in a layer of sandstone in Colorado. Your task is to make observations and inferences for each part.Prediction Statements of future observation Make a forecast of a possible outcome of an investigation based on known patters in data Interpolation: between available data points p.39Extrapolation: outside the collected data points p.40
Chapter 2 process skills

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Chapter 2 process skills

  • 1. Process SkillsSCED 570, Fall 2011 Chap2.
  • 2. Classification Process of grouping Binary classification: Sorting objects into 2 groups based on a particular propertyMultistage classification Serial classification: sorting objects in a logical order on the basis of the extent or degree to which they demonstrate a common attribute Dichotomous key: a tool that scientists can use to help identify a particular specimen
  • 5. Measurement Quantify variables using a variety of instruments and nonstandard/standard unitsNonstandard units: it is difficult to consistently compare objects that cannot be held side by sideStandard units: enable consistent descriptions and comparisons of measured objects that are not side by side and cannot be directly compared
  • 6. CommunicationConvey information from one part to another Record data in multiple ways and present them to others
  • 7. Inference Interpretation of observationDraw a tentative conclusion about objects, organism, or events base on observation and prior knowledge
  • 8. Inference You will find a line drawing of fossil tracks found in a layer of sandstone in Colorado. Your task is to make observations and inferences for each part.Prediction Statements of future observation Make a forecast of a possible outcome of an investigation based on known patters in data Interpolation: between available data points p.39Extrapolation: outside the collected data points p.40