Charge curriculum: Advanced Operations
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The document outlines advanced operations for emergency response, focusing on fire scene operations, water rescue awareness, and ambulance operations with troubleshooting insights. It details the roles and responsibilities of various emergency units, alarms, and incident command structure during emergencies. The document emphasizes safety protocols for both firefighters and civilians, as well as technical aspects of diesel vehicle operations and maintenance.
Charge curriculum: Advanced Operations
- 1. EMeRG Charge Curriculum Module I: Advanced Operations
- 2. Outline Fire Scene Operations Water Rescue Awareness Diesel Operations and Vehicle Troubleshooting
- 3. Fire Scene Operations: DCFEMS 33 Engine Companies 16 Truck Companies 3 Heavy Duty Rescue 2 Twinned Agent Units Hazmat Unit Metro Support 2 Air Units 2 Foam Units MCI Unit 3 Fireboats
- 4. A What? Engine Companies: Carries H2O, Hoses, Pump Job is to extinguish fire Truck Companies: Specialized Equipment, Ladder Job is to gain access, ventilate Rescue Truck: Specialized Training, Equipment Gain access, entrapments Battalion Chiefs: Supervisor of Operations Usually found in SUV
- 5. Fire Scene Operations: DCFEMS 21 BLS Units 13 ALS Units 2 Rapid Response Units
- 6. DCFEMS: Tiered Response You called for ALS, who might they send? -Medic Unit (1: M St., 2: Georgetown, 5, 7) -BLS Unit + Paramedic Engine (oops) -Paramedic Engine (16) -EMS Supervisor (EMS 4,6)
- 7. DCFEMS Alarms LOCAL ALARM: This can be for an electrical short, smoke in the area, alarm bells, car fire, trash/wood fire, in/out side gas leak, etc. One to three engine companies, one or two truck companies, a battalion chief (It is up to communications what is dispatched on these types of calls)
- 8. DCFEMS Alarms BOX ALARM: This alarm is for smoke or fire in a row-house, school, commercial store or office building, detached dwelling, hospital, apartment house, church, etc. A box alarm receives five engines, two trucks, two battalion chiefs and a rescue squad.
- 9. DCFEMS Alarms WORKING FIRE DISPATCH: This alarm is transmitted when a fire is confirmed as working, and receives one engine company, one truck company, one air unit, the fire investigation unit and the safety officer.
- 10. EMS Fire Scene Operations 5862 Southern Ave., SE
- 11. EMS Fire Scene Operations: Objectives Explain how to ID who is in charge and what the FD priorities are. Explain fire department operations at the scene of a structure fire. Identify the role of EMeRG Responding Units Explain how EMS is incorporated into the incident command structure. Know where to stage/park. Explain anticipated medical problems from firefighters and occupants.
- 12. EMS Fire Operation In reality, DCFEMS is probably going to kick you off scene, but you never know, and its best to be prepared.
- 13. Fire Department Structure Based on military command structure. Units operate as companies, teamwork is stressed. Each company has a pre-determined assignment. Engines, trucks, rescues, chiefs.
- 14. The Work VERY Demanding Hot and Humid Physical exertion for extended periods of time Diesel guys prone to over-extending themselves
- 15. Whos in charge? White Chief Red- Company Officer Black Firefighter Yellow Rookie Blue Medical Green - Safety
- 16. What Happens at a Structure Fire? Fires are pre-planned, everyone knows what to do and when to do it. Units arrive piecemeal. Offensive versus defensive attack. What is a 2nd & 3rd alarm? Key word ACCOUNTABILITY!
- 17. Flashover When the overall temperature reaches the ignition point of everything in the room, everything ignites very rapidly. The survival time of a FF in full PPE is estimated to be between 10 and 15 seconds.
- 18. Ambulance GW-1 1st On-Scene Yikes, not a tummy acheNow What? Make sure OUC knows of location, Smoke?, Visible Fire?, Occupants?, A- GW 1 On-scene Primarily UPD responsibility Locate fire hydrants. Locate occupants if outside Keep area clear of vehicles. Establish Incident Command- who is IC? DO NOT ENTER BUILDING!! Give report to first arriving officer.
- 19. Terminology: Building Sides C B D A
- 20. Staging Ambulances Back ambulance into scene and leave plenty of room for rapid egress. Make sure your escape route stays clear! Do not block access to scene. Be proactive, not reactive.
- 21. Watch Where You Park!
- 22. What To Wear I better see you with the following: Helmets Vests ID Badges Gloves (if needed)
- 23. Anticipate Injuries - FF Firefighting is hard work. It includes heavy equipment and PPE, falls from heights, falling objects, burns, heat stress, toxic inhalation injuries, etc. Top reasons for injuries/fatalities are: 1. Heart attacks 2. Falls 3. Inhalation of toxic gases
- 24. Anticipate Injuries - Civilian Smoke and toxic gas inhalation. Burns are rare but do occur. Be aware of the following signs of respiratory involvement: Burns around face Singed eyebrows Hoarse voice (80% airway closure) Carbonaceous sputum Hx of burn in an enclosed space
- 25. Inhalation Injury Watch for increasing voice from swelling. Administer high-flow humidified oxygen. Call ALS for advanced airway control.
- 26. CO Poisoning Carbon Monoxide bonds to hemoglobin instead of oxygen Can give false pulse oximetry reading Treatment High Flow O2 Rapid Transport: Hyperbaric Chamber
- 27. Hyperbaric Medicine Specialty unto itself Chamber that increases the partial pressure In the tissues dislodging CO from Hemoglobin Also used in diving emergencies for nitrogen GW has chamber, hospital notify
- 30. Fire on 3rd floor of Kappa Kappa Gamma House (left) Onlookers are visibly upset as firefighters extinguish the fire that broke out on the third floor of the Kappa Kappa Gamma house Saturday afternoon. (right) Firefighters knocked out a third floor window at the Kappa Kappa Gamma house to expel burning notebooks and papers Saturday afternoon. GW Hatchet
- 31. Questions?
- 33. We dont have water! Why Bother? False! The Potomac is one block past our jurisdiction Our Mutual Aid agreements covers the river Many GW-sponsored events GW Crew GW Sailing GU Crew Smith Center, HelWel, Vern Pools
- 34. Water Rescue Awareness 2nd most powerful force on earth Kills more people than any other natural phenomenon Causes more rescues than anything else natural Average 7 rescuer fatalities a year since 83
- 35. Swift Water Recue (Potomac) While it may not seem it, Currents are un- relenting, powerful, and appear out of nowhere. Under NO!! Circumstance should any EMeRG member enter the water.
- 36. Whats The Plan? Identify threat Locate victim, where are they headed? Initiate Resources Immediate Notification of GWPD and OUC Establish ICS
- 37. Swift Water Rescue Efforts Remember: No EMeRG Members get wet! Throw anything that floats down river of the victim Dont hit the victim If victim is close to shore, lay flat on ground and reach out to grab victim What could you use? Never tie any rope to the person or vehicle Sit Tight!
- 39. So thats a little out there but how about this Dispatch: A GW-1 respond to the Smith Center pool for a 20 yo possible drowning, ALS Priority (I hope)
- 41. The Conscious Victim ALL injuries in a pool should indicate a VERY HIGH suspicion of spinal injury If victim is flailing and panicked, DO NOT enter the water High Risk of rescuer being dragged under or injured Throw life ring or tube to victim What else floats? Lifeguard Staff will bring victim to side of pool
- 42. Things That Float at a Pool
- 43. The Unconscious Victim Efforts should be focused on rapid extrication from water Harder to provide care in water Assist, but pt is lifeguards until side of pool
- 45. Remember We are not a Lifeguard service and provider safety is top priority Getting in the water is a LAST resort
- 46. Ambulance Operations and Troubleshooting
- 47. Overview The goal of this section is not to make you a mechanic but to give you a better understanding of the systems at work in an ambulance and recognize the need to place the unit OOS or continue your shift. When in doubt, Place OOS and call ops-on- demand.
- 48. Basic Diesel Operations A diesel Vehicle is different from a car: Operates on compression, not combustion No spark plugs, Glow Plugs Intake air is compressed, diesel injected, Ignites Advantages: Higher MPG More torque Lasts longer than gas vehicle
- 49. Wait to Start? Why? The end of glow plug heats up to provide initial temperature to ignite diesel-air mixture Need to give time to heat up
- 50. Disadvantages If started too early the driver will experience: Poorer fuel economy Sluggish acceleration Increased engine wear Difficulty starting
- 51. Final Note on Diesel Engines Diesel Engines are not designed to be started and stopped continuously, they are designed for the long haul, therefore, it is imperative to treat it gently. Allow at least 30 seconds in the summer, 1 minute in the winter before starting. If possible allow to warm-up fully, temperature gauge comes off zero, before moving.
- 52. Troubleshooting
- 53. Electrical 1. Ambulance wont start Wait longer before starting Still no go? Calls ops, place OOS Click, Click, Click? Battery dead, place OOS, call ops 2. High Idle is very high Continue if transporting pt, calls ops ASAP 3. Ambulance isnt charging Check breaker, shore power connection (next slide) 4. Emergency lights wont go on Check battery switch, on? Batter level low, allow to high idle, call ops
- 55. Other HVAC Malfunction Call ops, place OOS if ambient temp is unacceptable Large puddle of fluid under engine Place OOS, call ops