ChronostratChart2014-10
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This document provides information about the geologic time scale including eons, eras, periods, epochs, and stages from the present back to the Hadean eon. It lists the names and approximate numerical ages for boundaries and subdivisions in the Phanerozoic, Proterozoic, and Archean eons. Global boundary stratotype sections and points are referenced for defining boundaries.
ChronostratChart2014-10
- 1. Phanerozoic Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene NeogenePaleogene Upper Lower Cretaceous Mesozoic TriassicCarboniferous Mesozoic PermianJurassic Upper Lower Middle Upper Lower Middle Lopingian Guadalupian Cisuralian Upper Lower Upper Middle Middle Lower MississippianPennsylvanian Paleozoic Middle Upper Calabrian Gelasian Piacenzian Zanclean Messinian Tortonian Serravallian Langhian Burdigalian Aquitanian Chattian Rupelian Priabonian Bartonian Lutetian Ypresian Thanetian Selandian Danian Maastrichtian Campanian Santonian Coniacian Turonian Cenomanian Albian Aptian Barremian Hauterivian Valanginian Berriasian Tithonian Kimmeridgian Oxfordian Callovian Bathonian Bajocian Aalenian Toarcian Pliensbachian Sinemurian Hettangian Rhaetian Norian Carnian Ladinian Anisian Olenekian Induan Changhsingian Wuchiapingian Capitanian Wordian Roadian Kungurian Artinskian Sakmarian Gzhelian Famennian Frasnian Givetian Eifelian Emsian Pragian Lochkovian Ludfordian Gorstian Homerian Sheinwoodian Telychian Aeronian Rhuddanian Hirnantian Katian Sandbian Darriwilian Dapingian Floian Tremadocian Stage 10 Jiangshanian Paibian Guzhangian Drumian Stage 5 Stage 4 Stage 3 Stage 2 Fortunian Kasimovian Moscovian Bashkirian Serpukhovian Visean Tournaisian Terreneuvian Series 2 Series 3 Furongian Cambrian Upper Lower Middle Llandovery Wenlock Ludlow Pridoli Upper Middle Lower SilurianDevonianOrdovician Paleozoic Phanerozoic Phanerozoic Asselian Hadean Archean Precambrian Proterozoic Neo- proterozoic Meso- proterozoic Paleo- proterozoic Neo- archean Meso- archean Paleo- archean Eo- archean Ediacaran Cryogenian Tonian Stenian Ectasian Calymmian Statherian Orosirian Rhyacian Siderian 0.0117 0.126 0.781 1.80 2.58 3.600 5.333 7.246 11.63 13.82 15.97 20.44 23.03 28.1 33.9 37.8 41.2 47.8 56.0 59.2 61.6 66.0 72.1 ±0.2 83.6 ±0.2 86.3 ±0.5 89.8 ±0.3 93.9 100.5 ~ 113.0 ~ 125.0 ~ 129.4 ~ 132.9 ~ 139.8 ~ 145.0 ~ 145.0 152.1 ±0.9 157.3 ±1.0 163.5 ±1.0 166.1 ±1.2 168.3 ±1.3 170.3 ±1.4 174.1 ±1.0 182.7 ±0.7 190.8 ±1.0 199.3 ±0.3 201.3 ±0.2 ~ 208.5 ~ 227 254.14 ±0.07 259.8 ±0.4 265.1 ±0.4 268.8 ±0.5 272.3 ±0.5 283.5 ±0.6 290.1 ±0.26 303.7 ±0.1 307.0 ±0.1 315.2 ±0.2 323.2 ±0.4 330.9 ±0.2 346.7 ±0.4 358.9 ±0.4 298.9 ±0.15 295.0 ±0.18 ~ 237 ~ 242 247.2 251.2 252.17 ±0.06 358.9 ± 0.4 372.2 ±1.6 382.7 ±1.6 387.7 ±0.8 393.3 ±1.2 407.6 ±2.6 410.8 ±2.8 419.2 ±3.2 423.0 ±2.3 425.6 ±0.9 427.4 ±0.5 430.5 ±0.7 433.4 ±0.8 438.5 ±1.1 440.8 ±1.2 443.8 ±1.5 445.2 ±1.4 453.0 ±0.7 458.4 ±0.9 467.3 ±1.1 470.0 ±1.4 477.7 ±1.4 485.4 ±1.9 541.0 ±1.0 ~ 489.5 ~ 494 ~ 497 ~ 500.5 ~ 504.5 ~ 509 ~ 514 ~ 521 ~ 529 ~ 541.0 ±1.0 ~ 635 850 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2050 2300 2500 2800 3200 3600 4000 ~ 4600 present Series / Epoch Stage / Age numerical age (Ma) Eonothem /Eon Erathem /Era System /Period Series / Epoch Stage / Age numerical age (Ma) Eonothem /Eon Erathem /Era System /Period Series / Epoch Stage / Age numerical age (Ma) System / PeriodErathem / Era numerical age (Ma) Eonothem /Eon Erathem /Era System /Period Eonothem / Eon GSSP GSSP GSSP GSSP GSSA INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART International Commission on Stratigraphywww.stratigraphy.org Coloring follows the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (http://www.ccgm.org) Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, October 2014 To cite: Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2013; updated) The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes 36: 199-204. URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2014-10.pdf Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long defined by Global Standard StratigraphicAges (GSSA). Charts and detailed information on ratified GSSPs are available at the website http://www.stratigraphy.org. The URL to this chart is found below. Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in the Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries in the Phanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained numerical ages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided. Numerical ages for all systems except lower Pleistocene, Permian,Triassic, Cretaceous and Precambrian are taken from ‘The Geologic Time Scale 2012’ by Gradstein et al. (2012); those for the lower Pleistocene, Permian, Triassic and Cretaceous were provided by the relevant ICS subcommissions. v 2014/10