Coal
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The document discusses the history of coal, rubber, and oil industries in Brunei between 1883-1924. It notes that coal mining concessions were granted in 1883 and produced over 652,000 tonnes of coal by 1888-1924. The discovery of oil in 1899 near Kg. Ayer Berkunchi led to the oil industry, which became more profitable than coal. The boom in these extractive industries increased jobs and population in Muara, leading to more infrastructure like shops, roads, and postal services to support the growing town. However, the coal industry declined after World War I as prices became unstable and oil from Pulau Berambang was discovered to be more profitable.
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- 1. Chapter 4: Economics and Social Development4.2 Economics DevelopmentCoal, Rubber and Cutch Industry
- 2. Cutch IndustryCoal IndustryRubber IndustryOil Industry
- 3. Recap.1899Oil DiscoveryWhen?Where?At Kg. Ayer Berkunchi near Kg.Kasat in Brunei District
- 4. Coal IndustryCoal concession in Muara was granted to William Cowie in 1883.TransferredCharles BrookeTwo Location of Coal miningBrooketonBuangTawar
- 5. 1888-1924 Produced more than 652,000 tonnes of coalCoal Transportation Coal was transport from Muara to Labuan and Singapore bySteamers Brunei's coal usually purchased by Norwegian, British Ship and Japanese Navy ShipIncrease in Job OpportunitiesIncrease in populationEffects/Changes of discovery of CoalMore shops were open & Roads were builtMuara become Self-Sufficient townPostal services were started and own stamps were produced.Police force to maintain law and order
- 6. Decline of Coal Industry Unstable prices after the First World War.FELL1921: $17 1922: $13$9.50Discovery of oil in PulauBerambang.Oil was considered as more profitable than coal.